Navegando por Autor "Carnier, Ruan"

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Cadmium and lead adsorption and desorption by coffee waste-derived biochars
(Instituto Agronômico (IAC), 2022-02-16) Carnier, Ruan; Coscione, Aline Renée; Abreu, Cleide Aparecida de; Melo, Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo; Silva, Andressa Ferreira da
Biochar derived from coffee waste has been reported as a promising material for heavy metal sorption. However, if the intended use is environmental remediation, knowing the extent to which desorption may occur is critical. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of spent coffee ground (SCG) and coffee parchment (CP) biochars pyrolyzed at 700 °C under laboratory conditions, in the sorption of Cd and Pb from aqueous solutions, in a pH range from 2 to 10, and their retention after an induced desorption process with a 2.9 pH acetic acid solution. Both biochars were alkaline, and the initial pH of the solution had a large effect on the sorption capacity of SCG but a small effect on the sorption capacity of CP. The Pb sorption capacity was higher for CP (18.6 mg·g–1) than for SCG (11.4 mg·g–1), while both biochars had low Cd retention capacities (1.18 mg·g–1). Coffee parchment also showed the highest Pb retention (30% to 87%), while for Cd there was no difference between CP and SCG biochars. Our results showed that metal precipitation was the main mechanism for metal immobilization and CP biochar proved to be more reliable than SCG, mainly for Pb, due to its higher sorption capacity and lower metal release by desorption than SCG. These characteristics are particularly important for the use of biochar in environmental remediation. Besides that, the biochar production represents an eco-friendly destination for these feedstocks, contributing to the circular economy.
Coffee industry waste-derived biochar: characterization and agricultural use evaluation according to Brazilian legislation
(Instituto Agronômico (IAC), 2021-09-13) Carnier, Ruan; Coscione, Aline Renee; Delaqua, Douglas; Abreu, Cleide Aparecida de
The agricultural use of biochar has been the focus of much research in the last decade due to the improvement of soil chemical, physical, and biological attributes. Nonetheless, Brazil still has no specific legislation for biochar, limiting its agricultural use. The objective of the present work is to evaluate the use of biochar produced from spent coffee grounds (SCG) and coffee parchment (CP) by slow pyrolysis at 700 °C according to the existing framework of the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Food Supply (MAPA) legislation for organic fertilizer, soil conditioner or plant substrate. Biochar was characterized according to normative instructions No. 17, 31, 61, 7, 5 and 35. Although not required by the addressed legislation, the semitotal content of macro- and micronutrients was also determined. While CP biochar could be used as an organic fertilizer or plant substrate, SCG biochar, due to its higher Ni content and lower than required cation exchange capacity (CEC), did not meet MAPA legislation criteria to allow for its agricultural use. Future regulations can be based on the current standards, and structural attributes, such as total C content, particle size distribution, and complete macro- and micronutrient determination should be included. Further research may also indicate the viability of biochar use as a soil conditioner based on a more representative set of biomasses with a higher CEC. These considerations will help to take advantage of the benefits of biochar to soil, contributing to a circular economy, which is still at a difficult stage in Brazil.
Coffee silverskin and expired coffee powder used as organic fertilizers
(Editora UFLA, 2019-01) Carnier, Ruan; Berton, Ronaldo Severiano; Coscione, Aline Renee; Pires, Adriana Marlene Moreno; Corbo, Jessica Zuanazzi
The coffee industry produces a wide range of organic wastes, some in large amounts, and most of them do not have a well-defined final disposal. The agricultural use of these wastes can be based on the recycling of nitrogen (N), but their chemical characterization and evaluation with soil under controlled conditions are required. The aim in this work was to evaluate the use of coffee silverskin and expired coffee powder as organic fertilizers. The wastes were chemically characterized according to CONAMA’S resolution No. 375 and passed through Brazil’s Agriculture Ministry normative for organic fertilizers. A greenhouse experiment with Rhodic Ferralsol soil and maize as a model plant was carried out to obtain the agronomic efficiency index (AEI) for nitrogen. Three treatments were considered: one control (without waste), ammonium nitrate as a mineral reference, and both organic wastes, at a dose of 450 mg of Kjeldahl nitrogen per pot, in triplicate. The characterization results were favorable to the wastes as nitrogen sources for agriculture. However, the AEIs obtained were low (0.5 and 7.9% for the expired coffee powder and the coffee silverskin, respectively) compared to that of the mineral reference (92%). Although coffee silverskin and expired coffee powder showed nitrogen levels were well above the minimum require by normative (0.5 % m/m), its use as organic fertilizers (as exclusive sources of N) is not recommended since less than 10% of N was available as showed by the AEI index.
Coffee waste biochars: characterization and zinc adsorption from aqueous solution
(Editora UFLA, 2019-10) Sertoli, Lindiamara; Carnier, Ruan; Abreu, Cleide Aparecida de; Coscione, Aline Renée; Melo, Leônidas Carrijo Azevedo
The final disposal of organic wastes has become a major challenge with increasing industrialization and population growth. Coffee wastes can be converted into biochar and provide economic and environmental benefits, such as heavy metal remediation in different media. We produced biochars at 700 °C from spent coffee grounds and coffee parchment, characterized them physically and chemically and evaluated their Zn adsorption capacity from aqueous solution. Batch adsorption experiments were performed with six Zn concentrations using four replicates. The desorption process was performed sequentially with a pH 4.9 buffer acetic acid solution. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were fitted to the adsorption data using non-linear models. Results show that both biochars are alkaline and have high values of point of zero charge (PZC) (9.2 and 7.7 for coffee parchment and spent coffee grounds biochar). These characteristics indicate precipitation as the main mechanism of Zn immobilization and may have contributed to the low adsorption capacity obtained (0.056 and 0.792 mg g-1 for spent coffee ground and coffee parchment biochar, respectively). Although the biochars have shown low adsorption capacity, they bound Zn strongly and the adsorption process is not easily reversed.