Navegando por Autor "Cunha, Maura da"

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Influence of humus on chromium absorption by coffee seedlings grown on substrate containing tannery sludge
(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2023-03-10) Berilli, Sávio da Silva; Oliveira, Dhiego da Silva; Martineli, Leonardo; Pereira, Lucas Louzada; Cunha, Maura da; Pireda, Saulo
Chromium is present in the tannery sludges worldwide making it a problem for agriculture. This study aimed to evaluate whether humus functions as a chromium stabilizing agent when using tannery sludge in the substrate of conilon coffee seedlings (Coffea canephora) and to determine what effects there are on leaf development and anatomy. Treatments consisted of a fixed dose of tannery sludge (30% of volume) on substrates of conilon coffee seedlings with different proportions of humus and subsoil (T-10, T-20, T-30, T-40% of humus). Information for the evaluation of leaf anatomy and seedling development was collected at 180 days after the planting of cuttings. From the phenological point of view, the treatments that best promoted seedling quality were T-30 and T-40. However, the greater the amount of humus in the substrate the greater the absorption of chromium by plants, which directly affected the organization of epidermal cells and leaf mesophyll. In addition, intense cytoplasmic degradation, ultrastructural changes in chloroplasts and mitochondria, and an increase in autophagic vacuoles were observed. We conclude that increasing the amount of humus in substrate with tannery sludge provides higher quality coffee seedlings, despite promoting greater absorption of chromium by plants and the consequent major intracellular disturbances.
Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2022-11-28) Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio Luiz
Genetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.
Morpho-agronomic and leaf anatomical traits in Coffeacanephora genotypes
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2023) Silva, Larícia Olária Emerick; Schmidt, Raquel; Almeida, Rafael Nunes de; Feitoza, Rodrigo Barbosa Braga; Cunha, Maura da; Partelli, Fábio Luiz
Genetic variability is the basis for coffee genetic breeding. This study evaluated the potential of leaf anatomy and morpho-agronomic traits in studies of genetic variability in C. canephoracultivars. Ten genotypes were distributed in randomized block designs with three replicates. Significant differences among genotypes were detected by F-test (P < 0.05) for 13 of 15 evaluated traits. These results evidenced the heterogeneity of the studied cultivars, which is essential in composition of genetic basis in breeding programs. The Scott-Knott test detected variability among genotypes, grouped into up to four mean groups. Leaf anatomy traits presented the largest variations. Five out of seven leaf anatomy traits presented heritability higher than 80%, with emphasis on stomatal density (95.69%) and stomatal pore length (92.72%). Positive correlations were observed among morpho-agronomic and anatomic traits. Cluster analysis used the Mahalanobis general distance (D2) as a measure of genetic dissimilarity and divided the genotypes into two distinct groups. The inclusion of leaf anatomic traits to characterize C. canephoragenotypes may assist plant breeders with better genetic discrimination and with greater security in plant selection when composing cultivars.
Níveis de cromo em mudas de café conilon desenvolvidas substrato com lodo de curtume como adubação alternativa
(Editora UFLA, 2015-07) Berilli, Sávio da Silva; Berilli, Ana Paula Candido Gabriel; Carvalho, Almy Júnior Cordeiro de; Freitas, Silvio de Jesus; Cunha, Maura da; Fontes, Patrícia Soares Furno
A utilização de subprodutos das indústrias de beneficiamento de couro representa na agricultura um grande avanço nos processos de produção, ciclagem de nutrientes e consciência agroecológica. No entanto, o uso do lodo de curtume como substrato de mudas apresenta a presença de cromo, sendo este, considerado um elemento nocivo ao meio ambiente em condições específicas. O experimento foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia do Espírito Santo - Campus Itapina, objetivando identificar os níveis de acumulação de cromo nos tecidos, assim como, o desenvolvimento das mudas de café conilon propagadas durante quatro meses, em casa de vegetação, em substrato enriquecido com lodo de curtume como fonte de adubação alternativa. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados com cinco tratamentos, quatro proporções de terra e lodo de curtume bovino desidratado (10, 20, 30 e 40% de lodo) e um substrato convencional de produção de mudas de café conilon. Foram avaliados os níveis de cromo nas diferentes partes das mudas e parâmetros biométricos do desenvolvimento, desde o plantio das estacas até os 120 dias. O órgão da planta que mais acumulou cromo nos tecidos foi a raiz, seguido das folhas e caules. O padrão de desenvolvimento vegetativo das mudas foi afetado pelas doses de lodo no substrato.