Navegando por Autor "Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba"

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Acúmulo de biomassa e estado nutricional de genótipos de Coffea canephora (rubiaceae) submetidos aos déficit hídrico
(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Reinicke, Larissa Cristina Torrezani Starling; Martins, Lima Deleon; Rodrigues, Wagner Nunes; Reinicke, Tyago Matheus; Amaral, José Francisco Teixeira do; Tomaz, Marcelo Antônio; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba
O estudo avaliou o efeito da disponibilidade de água no estado nutricional de 15 genótipos da cultivar clonal “Conilon BRS Ouro Preto” de Coffea canephora cultivada em dois ambientes contrastantes em termos de disponibilidade hídrica. Parâmetros de produção de biomassa e estado nutricional foram estimados após 170 dias de cultivo nestes ambientes contrastantes. A variabilidade das respostas entre os genótipos indicou um fator favorável para identificar a diversidade entre esses genótipos e para seleção, visando explorar seus parâmetros nutricionais, especialmente para a concentração de fósforo e magnésio em tecidos vegetais. O cultivo em ambientes com baixo suprimento hídrico causou perdas de até 29% na produção de biomassa das plantas jovens (com maiores perdas observadas na parte aérea); a magnitude dessas perdas variou entre os genótipos. Os genótipos 125 e 155 acumularam quantidades significativamente maiores de biomassa quando comparados aos demais, independentemente do suprimento de água. No geral, os valores nutricionais dos genótipos testados apresentaram maior inflexibilidade metabólica em relação ao estresse hídrico do que o relatado para outras cultivares de café Robusta.
Adaptability and stability of Coffea arabica lines in the Western Amazon
(Editora UFLA, 2019-04) Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Torres, Josemar Dávila; Silva, Camila Andrade; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros
Growing Coffea arabica in regions of the Western Amazon is limited by early maturation and by its limited adaptation to regions of low altitude and high temperature. The aim in this study was to quantify the genotype × environment interaction of C. arabica lines in four different environments of the Western Amazon, seeking to assist selection of new lines with greater adaptability and stability for the region. In the months of December 2012 and January 2013, four competitive trials were set up in municipalities of the states of Rondônia and Acre. Each trial was composed of 21 lines and 4 reference cultivars evaluated as controls recommended for planting in the southeast region. In combined analysis, significant differences were not detected between the cultivars and controls; the mean yield of hulled coffee was 12.05 bags ha -1 . The Alta Floresta Do Oeste environment has higher yield and is the only environment favorable for growing C. arabica; that environment is differentiated from the others through its higher altitudes and low temperatures. Through GGE biplot analyses, lines 12 and 13, identified as H514-7-10-6-9 and H514-7-10-6-2-3-9, were found to have results superior to the controls in the municipality of Alta Floresta Do Oeste, RO. The gain from selection of 56% obtained from line G12 and the gain of 46% obtained from line G13 show performance superior to the best control. The germplasm studied does not have genetic variability that contributes to selection of plants for adaptation to the low altitude and high temperatures in the amazonic region.
Adaptability and stability of Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner genotypes in the Western Amazon
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2020) Moraes, Marcos Santana; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Silva, Camila Andrade; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira
The development of Coffea canephora cultivars is based on the characterization of genotype × environment interaction, which is interpreted to quantify the differential behavior of clones at different cultivation sites. The objective of this research was to study the genotype x environment interaction aiming to select clones of broad and specific adaptation to different environments of the Western Amazon. Twelve clones with hybrid characteristics of the botanical varieties Conilon and Robusta and four open pollinated clones, had their performance evaluated in comparison with four controls. The genotype × environment interaction was interpreted based on the environmental quality index, the nonparametric estimator of Lin and Binns, 1988 and on the dispersion of the centroid method. Effects of the genotypes, environment, and genotype × environment interaction were all significant (p<0.01). The environmental quality index (Ij) classified three environments as favorable for coffee production. In terms of the Lin and Binn’s estimator (Pi), hybrid genotypes 16, 10, 13, 09 and 14 presented lower Pi indices than others, and were classified as being more stable. Five clones of low adaptability, seven clones of specific adaptability to favorable or unfavorable environments and two clones of broad adaptability to all environments were identified interpreting the dispersion of the centroid method.
Amazonian Robustas - new Coffea canephora coffee cultivars for the Western Brazilian Amazon
(Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 2020) Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ramalho, André Rostand; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira; Souza, Flávio de França; Costa, José Nilton Medeiros; Fernandes, Cleberson de Freitas
Amazonian Robustas are ten new clones of high yield potential with characteristics typical of the botanical varieties conilon and robusta. With individual registration, the new cultivars were developed to be grown together with other clones, with flexibility of composition of the crops according to the preference of the producer.
Beverage quality of Coffea canephora genotypes in the western Amazon, Brazil
(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2021) Morais, Johnnescley Anes de; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Souza, Carolina Augusto de
This study aimed to evaluate the beverage quality of Coffea canephora genotypes in different environments of the western Amazon to assist plant selection and new cultivar development. To analyze beverage quality, samples of cherry coffee beans were collected separately for each genotype from clonal competition trials installed in the municipalities of Ouro Preto do Oeste, Alta Floresta do Oeste, Porto Velho, and Ariquemes in Rondônia State and Rio Branco in Acre State (Brazil). The beverage quality was assessed using the Robusta Cupping Protocol, which attribute to each genotype a score in a range from 0 to 100, highlighting nuances. Analysis of variance and principal components using reference points were used to quantify genotype x environment interaction (G x E). The analysis of variance indicated that genotypic and G x E interaction effects were significant (p < 0.01). By using a centroid dispersion method, we could identify four clones of low, eight of specific (to favorable or unfavorable environments), and seven of broad adaptability to the environments. The clones BRS 2314, 11, and 17 had average quality scores above 80 in all environments, with potential for specialty coffee production. The clones BRS 1216, BRS 3220, and BRS 3193 presented unstable behavior, with beans of higher quality in some of the evaluated environments. Such inconsistency in clone behavior is caused by unpredictable changes in plant performance in different environments. Our results indicate that both genotypic (clones) and G x E interaction effects are important for the expression of coffee beverage quality. However, the clones BRS 3213, BRS 3210, and BRS 2299 had less prominent nuances, with lower potential for specialty coffee production.
Beverage quality of most cultivated Coffea canephora clones in the Western Amazon
(Editora UFLA, 2020) Dalazen, Janderson Rodrigues; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Pereira, Lucas Louzada; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Souza, Carolina Augusto de
Most of the Western Amazon coffee production is made from growing unregistered clones, selected by the coffee growers themselves. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sensory profile and genetic diversity of the most cultivated Coffea canephora clones in the Western Amazon. Coffee samples at cherry stage of the clones 03, 05, 08, 25 and 66 were collected at eight municipalities in the main coffee growing zones, with altitudes ranging from 86 to 381 meters. Beverage quality was evaluated according to the Robusta Cupping Protocols and estimates of the genotype × environment interaction (GE) were made interpreting non-parametric and multivariate methods. The GE interaction was significant and the genetic component was also important to the expression of beverage quality (h2=82,23). The clones 25 and 05 have good attributes and mean score near 80 points. Sweetness was the sensory descriptor with the greatest impact on beverage quality of these two clones. Harshness was the descriptor that had the greatest negative impact on beverage quality of clone 66. The clones had complexities that differed and that were not necessarily associated with greater beverage quality. Despite the differences in their beverage attributes, these clones that are grown for their high productivity presented low genetic diversity of the beverage quality.
Caracterização da autoincompatibilidade gametofítica de acessos de banco ativo de germoplasma de Coffea canephora
(Embrapa Café, 2019-10) Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto; Santos, Maurício Reginaldo Alves dos; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Ramalho, André Rostand; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros
O Coffea canephora é uma espécie alógama que apresenta autoincompatibilidade gametofítica (AIG), de expressão governada por um único gene multialélico, identificado pela letra S. Na cafeicultura clonal o plantio de clones não compatíveis pode reduzir a produtividade e a qualidade dos grãos devido a menor eficiência da polinização e aumento na taxa de grãos do tipo moca. O objetivo desse trabalho é caracterizar a autoincompatibilidade de acessos do Banco de Germoplasma da Embrapa quantificando a diversidade alélica e genotípica de uma população de melhoramento, fornecendo subsídios para manipulação dessa característica no desenvolvimento de novas variedades. Para isso foram realizadas hibridações in vitro entre 28 genótipos de um campo de hibridação contendo 80 matrizes das variedades botânicas Conilon e Robusta. Os procedimentos de hibridação in vitro se iniciaram um dia antes da antese, com a proteção dos ramos doadores utilizando sacos de papel do tipo kraft de 55x25cm e transferência dos estigmas das plantas receptora para meio de cultura (sacarose 10%). Os genótipos doadores de grãos de pólen BRS 1216, BRS 2299 e BRS 3193 foram utilizados como plantas testadoras dos grupos de compatibilidade I, II e III respectivamente. A polinização in vitro foi realizada no dia da antese com a raspagem dos grãos de pólen que é colocado em contato com apenas um dos dois estigmas de cada pistilo bífido. A compatibilidade das hibridações foi avaliada utilizando coloração com azul de anilina a 1% para visualização do desenvolvimento dos tubos polínicos utilizando microscopia de fluorescência. A eficiência de polinização foi estimada pela relação entre o número de estigmas fertilizados e o número total de estigmas polinizados. A utilização de plantas testadoras dos grupos de compatibilidade permitiu reduzir o número de hibridações necessárias para caracterizar os genótipos das plantas. A polinização in vitro resultou em uma taxa média de pegamento de 60,3% com amplitude de 11 a 85% de pegamento nas hibridações compatíveis. Entre os 28 clones caracterizados 17 genótipos (61%) foram incompatíveis com a planta testadora do grupo I, 5 clones (18%) apresentaram incompatibilidade com a planta testadora do grupo II e 6 clones (21%) foram incompatíveis com o testador do grupo III. Os resultados parciais da caracterização dessa população de melhoramento indicam a distribuição dos genótipos em três grupos de compatibilidade com as frequências dos alelos S 1 , S 2 e S 3 , estimadas em 0,39, 0,41 e 0,20 respectivamente. Apesar da diferença observada entre as frequências alélicas, as frequências genotípicas não diferem das proporções esperadas para uma população em Equilíbrio de Hardy Weinberg (EHW), com 1% de probabilidade. A caracterização do genótipo do gene S é importante, impactando na eficiência de polinização desse cultivo, com o favorecimento natural de cruzamentos compatíveis.
Coffea canephora breeding: estimated and achieved gains from selection in the Western Amazon, Brazil
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2021) Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Ramalho, Andre Rostand; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira; Souza, Flavio de França
Gain from selection is an important criterion in quantifying the efficiency of breeding programs. This study quantified the selection gain estimated under experimental conditions and realized gain achieved in the field, seeking to interpret the efficiency of the Coffea canephora selection. For that purpose, we considered experiments that began in 2004 with directed hybridizations to obtain new hybrid progenies. From a breeding population composed of 288 hybrid individuals, 12 genotypes were selected in experimental conditions from 2005 to 2012, with amplitude in the estimated gains from 127.70 to−19.19%. Those genotypes were evaluated from 2012 to 2018 in clonal tests in four environments of the Western Amazon. The environment that exhibited the greatest correlation between the predicted genetic values and the realized genetic gain observed in the field was the environment of Ouro Preto do Oeste, RO (0.67), the location in which the plants were selected, followed by the environments of Alta FlorestaD´Oeste, RO (0.44), Rio Branco, AC (0.43), and Porto Velho, RO (0.37). Experimental conditions showed that the effect due to dominance deviations was approximately three times greater than the additive effect. Nine clones exhibited higher genetic gains in the experimental conditions and at field, and two clones exhibited lower estimated gains and lower field performance.The clone G17-P7 exhibited high genetic gain under experimental conditions and low field performance. The selection in experimental conditions was positively correlated with plant performance in the field (r=0.55), which allows reduction of the original breeding population to a set of more promising clones to be grown in multiple environments, optimizing time and resources.
Componentes genéticos do desenvolvimento e maturação de frutos de Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Froehner
(Editora UFLA, 2017-07) Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Alves, Enrique Anastácio; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Ramalho, André Rostand; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava
O ciclo de maturação dos frutos do cafeeiro Coffea canephora é uma característica de herança complexa, de expressão governada por vários genes influenciados pelo ambiente, o que resulta em uma característica quantitativa de distribuição contínua. O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar os componentes genéticos do ciclo de maturação dos frutos de C. canephora visando caracterizar o mecanismo de herança e a influência do ambiente na expressão dessa característica. Para isso foram avaliados o número de dias e a soma térmica para a maturação dos frutos de 130 clones, avaliados ao longo de 36 meses, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso com seis repetições de quatro plantas por parcela no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste - RO. Os valores genotípicos e os componentes de variância foram estimados utilizando-se métodos de Máxima Verossimilhança Restrita (REML) e Melhor Predição Linear Não Viesada (BLUP) e a dissimilaridade entre os genótipos quantificada utilizando técnicas de agrupamento hierárquico. As estimativas dos parâmetros genéticos indicam maior acurácia da soma térmica para estimar o ciclo de maturação dos frutos, e uma predominância do efeito genotípico na expressão dessa característica. No dendrograma foi possível observar três grupos de maturação distintos que se mantiveram ao longo do tempo. Também foram observados genótipos (20%) que apresentaram mudanças em sua classificação devido à ação do ambiente. A quantificação da eficiência da seleção e o agrupamento dos clones de ciclo de maturação semelhante subsidiam o desenvolvimento de novas variedades de maior uniformidade de maturação de frutos.
Concentração de cálcio e magnésio em folhas e frutos de Coffea canephora cultivado na Amazônia Sul Ocidental
(Embrapa Café, 2015) Dubberstein, Danielly; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Silva, Ronaldo William da; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba
O conhecimento do comportamento das concentrações de nutrientes em folhas e frutos de cafeeiro auxilia no manejo da adubação. Neste sentido, objetivou-se avaliar a concentração de cálcio e magnésio em folhas e frutos de cafeeiro sob distintos manejos de adubação na Amazônia Sul Ocidental. O experimento foi realizado no município de Rolim de Moura, Rondônia, em lavoura propagada por estacas com 2,5 anos de idade, conduzido em esquema de parcelas subdividida no tempo, em que as parcelas principais foram constituídas por dois manejos de adubação (adubado e não adubado) e nas subparcelas as épocas de coleta de frutos e folhas. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados com três repetições. A parcela experimental constituiu-se por 11 plantas úteis, sendo marcados em cada planta dois ramos plagiotrópicos produtivos. Os frutos foram coletados a cada 28 dias, desde fruto chumbinho (julho de 2013) até a maturação (abril de 2014). Concomitantemente coletou-se 20 folhas em cada bloco até junho de 2014. Os frutos e folhas foram secos em estufa com circulação forçada de ar e, encaminhados para análises químicas laboratoriais. Utilizou-se o teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade para a comparação de médias de concentração quando houve efeito significativo pelo teste F, com auxilio do programa estatístico Assistat. Foi diagnosticado que a adubação mineral influi sobre a concentração de cálcio nos frutos e de magnésio nas folhas. A concentração de cálcio e magnésio em folhas e frutos no período inicial da formação dos frutos é maior e tende a diminuir nas fases posteriores.
Concentration and accumulation of micronutrients in robust coffee
(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2019) Dubberstein, Danielly; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado
Knowledge on the dynamics of micronutrients in coffee tree assists nutritional diagnosis and fertilization management. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration and accumulation of micronutrients in the leaves and fruits of Coffea canephora. The experiment was managed in crops propagated for 2.5 years in a split-plot-in-time scheme in which the main plots consisted of fertilized and not-fertilized plants, and the subplots stipulated the evaluation periods. The berries and leaves were collected every 28 days, starting from the first flowering to full maturity. The micronutrient content was determined by laboratory chemical analysis, and the accumulation of nutrients in the fruit (mg) was calculated by multiplying the dry matter of the berry (g) × nutrient concentration (mg kg−1). The results showed that fertilization infers the zinc concentration in the fruits and the concentration for manganese, iron and zinc in the leaves in the determined periods. Micronutrient accumulation curves followed the simple sigmoidal model, with accumulation increasing considerably as a function of fruit growth. Thus, fertilization based on micronutrients must be divided over stages with higher accumulation rates, considering the specific requirement of each nutrient.
Custo de produção de mudas de café conilon por estaquias em Rondônia
(Embrapa Rondônia, 2016-12) Araújo, Leonardo Ventura de; Soares, Jadson Gonçalves; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Verdin Filho, Abraão Carlos
O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de aferir os custos de produção de mudas de café em sacolas de polietileno no estado de Rondônia.
Desempenho agronômico e análise econômica do cultivo de cafeeiros clonais no estado do Amazonas
(Embrapa, 2022-02) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Pinheiro, José Olenilson Costa; Cararo, Denis Cesar; Silva, Edson Barcelos da; Diocleciano, João Maria; Rosa Neto, Calixto; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Ramalho, André Rostand; Botelho, Frederico José Evangelista; França, Rosilque Mendes de
O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o desempenho agronômico e a viabilidade econômica do cultivo de cafeeiros da variedade clonal 'Conilon - BRS Ouro Preto' no município de Silves, localizado na microrregião de Itacoatiara do estado do Amazonas.
Different volumes of tubes for clonal propagation of Coffea canephora from seedlings
(Editora UFLA, 2018-01) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Balbino, Tony José; Jaraceski, Rutinéia; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Teixeira, Richelly Gisela Pasqualotto
The aim in the present study was to evaluate the growth of Coffea canephora cv. ‘Conilon BRS Ouro Preto’ seedlings in different tube volumes. The experiment was performed at Embrapa Rondônia plant nursery in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, Brazil, from July to November 2013. The treatments consisted of five tube volumes (50, 100, 170, 280 and 400 cm 3) plus one control composed by polyethylene bags (11 cm width x 20 cm height) with capacity of 770 cm 3 . The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with 15 replicates, formed by 15 clones that compose the Conilon ‘BRS Ouro Preto’ cultivar. The tube volume of 280 cm 3 provide the best vegetative performance of seedlings, similarly to volume of 400 cm 3 , thus, the use of larger tubes would not justify. Tubes of 50, 100 and 170 cm 3 produce seedlings with physiological quality similar to the control until 130 days after staking, but may limit the development of seedlings in a longer period.
Dry matter and macronutrient accumulation in fruits of conilon coffee with different ripening cycles
(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2014-01) Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Marré, Wellington Braida; Vieira, Henrique Duarte
The period between anthesis and fruit ripening varies according to the Conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) genotype. Therefore, the time of the nutritional requirements for fruit formation may differ, depending on the formation phase and the genotype, and may directly affect split application of fertilizer. The aim of this study was to quantify the accumulation of dry matter and N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S at several stages in the fruit of the Conilon coffee genotype with different ripening cycles, which may suggest the need for split application of fertilizer in coffee. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Nova Venecia, Espírito Santo, Brazil, throughout the reproductive cycle. The treatments were composed of four coffee genotypes with different ripening cycles. A completely randomised experimental design was used. with five replicates. Plagiotropic branches were harvested from flowering to fruit ripening at 28-day intervals to determine the dry matter of the fruits and the concentration and accumulation of the nutrients they contained. The behavior of dry matter and macronutrient accumulation during the study period was similar and increasing, but it differed among genotypes sampled in the same season. Early genotypes exhibited a higher speed of dry matter and nutrient accumulation. Split application of fertilizer should differ among coffee genotypes with different ripening cycles (early, intermediate, late and very late).
Early induction of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora
(Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2020) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Araújo, Larissa Fatarelli Bento de; Schmidt, Raquel; Dias, Jairo Rafael Machado; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros
In Coffea canephora, the number of orthotropic shoots is directly related to plant yield. The objective of this study was to evaluate the vegetative and yield performance of Coffea canephora, from the botanical variety Conilon, under different management systems for early emission of orthotropic shoots. The experiment was carried out in Ouro Preto do Oeste, Rondônia, between November 2011 and May 2014. Three types of management techniques were tested for early induction of orthotropic shoots in coffee trees (T1 = bending of the orthotropic shoot; T2 = apical pruning of the orthotropic shoot, T3 = free growing). The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with 20 replicates. Each block consisted of a clonal genotype (clone) from the Embrapa Coffee Breeding Program. The techniques pruning and apical pruning were efficient to induce early growth of orthotropic shoots in Coffea canephora, resulting in higher yield in the first commercial bean production.
Eficiência de uma equação para determinação indireta da área foliar de cafeeiros ‘Conilon’
(Embrapa Café, 2013) Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Passos, Alexandre Martins Abdão dos; Jaraceski, Rutineia; Partelli, Fábio Luiz; Ramalho, André Rostand; Marcolan, Alaerto Luiz
Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a eficiência de uma equação para determinação indireta da área foliar de clones de cafeeiros ‘Conilon’ cultivados sob as condições da Amazônia Sul Ocidental, utilizando-se medidas lineares da folha. O experimento foi realizado em Porto Velho, Rondônia, nos meses de agosto e setembro de 2011. O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 2×15 composto pela combinação de duas formas de determinação da área foliar em quinze genótipos de café (Coffea canephora ‘Conilon’). A área foliar foi determinada diretamente ou estimada por meio da equação ÁF = 0,3064 x Idade^(-0,055) x CNC^2,0133 (R^2=0,9803). A eficiência da equação para determinação da área foliar de cafeeiros C. canephora ‘Conilon’ varia em função do genótipo avaliado, devendo a mesma ser validada para o genótipo que se pretende estudar.
Environmental stratification and performance of Coffea canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon
(Editora UFLA, 2021) Moraes, Marcos Santana; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Ferreira, Fábio Medeiros; Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara
Change in the performance of clones grown in different environments is an important question for Coffea canephora breeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate environmental stratification and the performance of C. canephora clones grown in the Western Amazon. For that purpose, the mean yield of three crop seasons was considered to evaluate the performance of 20 genotypes grown in 6 clonal competition trials in the environments of: E1: Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, E2: Porto Velho-RO, E3: Ariquemes-RO, E4 and E5: Rio Branco-AC and E6: Alta Floresta do Oeste-RO. The trials were conducted with a plant spacing of 3 m × 1.5 m in a complete block experimental design, with three replications of eight plants per plot. Combined analysis indicated significance of the genotype × environment (G×E) interaction and favorable conditions to obtain gains from selection. Reduction in the dimensionality estimated from climate and soil characteristics indicated that the environments of Porto Velho-RO, Rio Branco-AC and Ariquemes-RO are more similar to each other than the environments of Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO and Alta Floresta-RO of greater natural soil fertility and higher altitude. The AMMI1 biplot shows that genotypes 16, 10, and 13 had the highest mean yields, together with greater stability. In the AMMI2 scatterplot (IPCA1×IPCA2), the environ ments E4 and E5 were clustered in the same sector. Clustering based on the complex fraction of the G×E interaction coincided with the AMMI2 scatterplot that clustered the E4 and E5 environments in a single mega-environment. Except for these environments, all the others clustered as locations of different biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This result shows the importance of maintaining evaluations in these environments, which represent the conditions of the coffee fields in the region.
Expression of self-incompatibility in Coffea canephora genotypes grown in the western Amazon
(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2022-12-05) Depolo, Rodrigo Prado; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Souza, Carolina Augusto de; Santos, Maurício Reginaldo Alves dos; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Teixeira, Alexsandro Lara
The objective of this work was to characterize the expression of gametophytic self-incompatibility in a Coffea canephora breeding population, to assist in the management and development of new cultivars. For that purpose, 550 in vitro pollinations were carried out among 62 parent plants, of which 27 were from the conilon botanical variety and 35 from the robusta. Thirty-two genotypes compatible with all previously known testers were identified, suggesting the existence of new compatibility groups. From these results, hybridizations were carried out in a complete diallel design with reciprocal crosses to characterize new test plants. Based on the compatibility response with the test plants, the genotypes were clustered into the six following groups: group I, 11 (17.74%) genotypes; group II, 13 (20.97%); group III, 6 (9.68%); group IV, 9 (14.52%); group V, 8 (12.90%); and group VI, 15 (24.19%). The genotypes of the botanical variety robusta show a higher frequency of plants in compatibility group VI and a greater genetic variability, whereas those of the conilon variety have a higher frequency of plants in compatibility group II. The identification of new compatibility groups assists in new management practices that seek to increase the efficiency of pollination by favoring, through natural means, fully compatible crosses.
Genetic progress with selection of Coffea canephora clones of superior processed coffee yield
(Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2018-03) Silva, Dulcilene Oliveira da; Ferreira, Fábio Medeiros; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Spinelli, Victor Mouzinho
The aim of this study was to select Coffea canephora clones of superior processed coffee productivity based on the estimates of the genetic parameters and of genetic progress with the plant selection. For this, the production of processed coffee from 130 clones was evalu- ated from 2014 to 2016 in a clonal test, installed in randomized complete blocks with four plants per plot and six replications, spaced 3 × 2m at the experiment station Embrapa Rondônia in the municipality of Ouro Preto do Oeste - RO. The estimation of genetic parameters and predic- tion of genotypic values were performed using REML/BLUP procedure (Restricted Maximum Likelihood/Best Unbiased Linear Prediction). Estimates of the genetic parameters confirmed the predominance of the genetic component in the expression of this trait, indicating the possibil- ity of obtaining gains with the plant selection. Genetic progress of processed coffee productivity from the selection of 10% of the best clones was 49.88%, which is equivalent to an increase in average productivity from 42.57 bags.ha -1 to 66.95 bags.ha -1 . The use of the harmonic mean of the genetic values helped to identify the clones of superior performance, with higher adaptability and stability for the northern region of Brazil.