Navegando por Autor "Malavolta, Eurípedes"

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Nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity in coffee leaves during fruit development
(Sociedade Brasileira de Ciência do Solo, 2009-03) Reis, Andre Rodrigues; Favarin, José Laércio; Gallo, Luiz Antônio; Malavolta, Eurípedes; Moraes, Milton Ferreira; Lavres Junior, José
Nitrate reductase is the first enzyme in the pathway of nitrate reduction by plants, followed by glutamine synthetase, which incorporates ammonia to glutamine. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activity, total soluble protein content, N and Ni content in coffee leaves during fruit development under field conditions to establish new informations to help assess the N nutritional status and fertilizer management. The experimental design was in randomized complete blocks, arranged in a 3 x 6 factorial design, with five replications. The treatments consisted of 3 N rates (0 - control, 150 and 300 kg ha -1 ) and six evaluation periods (January, February, March, April, May, and June) in six-year-old coffee (Coffea arabica L.) plants of Catuaí Vermelho IAC 44 cv. The nitrate reductase and glutamine synthetase activities, leaf soluble protein, and N concentrations increased linearly with the N rates. During fruit development, the enzyme activity, leaf soluble protein and N content decreased, due to the leaf senescence process caused by nutrient mobilization to other organs, e.g, to the berries. Leaf Ni increased during fruit development. Beans and raisin-fruits of plants well-supplied with N had higher Ni contents. Enzyme activities, total leaf N and leaf soluble protein, evaluated during the green fruit stage in March, were significantly correlated with coffee yield. These variables can therefore be useful for an early assessment of the coffee N nutritional status as well as coffee yield and N fertilization management.
Repartição de nutrientes nos ramos, folhas e flores do cafeeiro
(Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa, 2002-07) Malavolta, Eurípedes; Favarin, José Laércio; Malavolta, Marcelo; Cabral, Cleusa Pereira; Heinrichs, Reges; Silveira, José Sebastião Machado
Estudou-se a repartição de nutrientes nos ramos, folhas e flores na antese da primeira fase reprodutiva do cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.), cultivares Mundo Novo IAC 388-17 enxertada sobre Apoatã IAC 2258 (4.000 plantas ha -1 ) e Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62 (5.000 plantas ha -1 ). No florescimento, coletou-se um ramo plagiotrópico no terço médio de 20 plantas, contando, em média, 37 e 29 ramos floríferos na cultivar Mundo Novo e Catuaí Amarelo, respectivamente, separando-se flores, folhas, e ramo (lenho). As flores do cafeeiro constituem um forte dreno de nutrientes, variável entre as cultivares; o acúmulo de nutrientes pelas cultivares Catuaí Amarelo e Mundo Novo antecede a antese no início da primavera, e a extração total de Mg pelas flores das cultivares representa 52% do extraído pelas partes da planta (flores, folhas e ramos), o que sugere que a adubação do cafeeiro deve iniciar antes do florescimento.