Navegando por Autor "Ramos, Alessandro Coutinho"

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Níveis tóxicos de ferro em lavouras de café conilon (Coffea canephora) em solos de tabuleiros costeiros
(Editora UFLA, 2016-04) Krohling, Cesar Abel; Eutrópio, Frederico Jacob; Figueira, Frederico Firme; Campostrini, Eliemar; Dobbss, Leonardo Barros; Ramos, Alessandro Coutinho
Os plantios de café conilon no estado do Espírito Santo concentram-se em solos com elevado potencial de oxirredução, nestes solos predomina o Fe na forma reduzida e mais solúvel (Fe2+), o que pode causar interferências no desenvolvimento e na produtividade. Objetivou-se, neste estudo, avaliar os impactos da concentração de ferro nos tecidos vegetais e a produtividade de lavouras de café conilon (Coffea canephora), cultivadas nos solos dos tabuleiros costeiros do Estado. O estudo foi realizado em três propriedades produtoras de café conilon, localizadas no Sul do Espírito Santo, sendo três áreas em ambiente de baixada e outras três em ambiente de encosta, para comparar a influência dos locais. Foram avaliadas a composição físico-química dos solos, a concentração dos nutrientes em raízes, caules, folhas, grãos e casca das plantas e a produtividade em duas safras. Os resultados sugerem que a concentração de ferro, em todos os órgãos avaliados, foi maior nas lavouras de baixada e que a produtividade foi significativamente maior nas lavouras de encosta. Conclui-se que a alta concentração de ferro no solo e nos órgãos vegetais avaliados das lavouras de baixada pode influenciar negativamente na produtividade das lavouras.
Soil macrofauna in organic and conventional coffee plantations in Brazil
(Instituto Virtual da Biodiversidade | BIOTA – FAPESP, 2018) Santos, Janaina Biral dos; Ramos, Alessandro Coutinho; Azevedo Júnior, Romildo; Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos Iuñes de; Baretta, Dilmar; Cardoso, Elke Jurandy Bran Nogueira
Brazil has always been one of the most important coffee producing countries. Lately, there has equally been a renewed interest in alternative coffee production systems. The state of Espírito Santo is the second greatest coffee producer in Brazil; so, we used local coffee plantations to evaluate the relations between soil macrofauna and chemical and microbiological soil properties to identify which of these properties discriminate more effectively between the organic management system (OS) and the conventional management system (CS) of coffee plantations. For each of these two cultivation systems we chose three coffee farms who employed both cultivation systems and picked out the most similar fields from each property. At each site, first we sampled the litter at the soil surface. Afterwards, we sampled nine soil monoliths to evaluate the macrofauna, in summer and winter. We also collected nine supplemental soil samples, taken at a few centimeters from the soil monoliths, for chemical and microbiological analyses. Macrofauna density was evaluated by ANOVA and multivariate analysis. The chemical and microbiological properties are environmental variables, while the data on macrofauna are the explanatory variables. The total number of individuals recovered in this study was 3,354, and the climate, identified by the sampling season, was a great modulator of macrofauna, with higher numbers in winter. The principal components analysis showed that soil moisture, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, boron, copper, pH, acid and alkaline phosphatases and microbial biomass carbon, were the most outstanding ones to discriminate both cultivation systems. We found no statistical significant differences in macrofauna density between OS and CS, probably due to a general great variability, since there was a tendency for much greater values in OS. We detected the interference of chemical and microbiological soil properties on the macrofauna community in both systems of coffee cultivation, and some results clearly correlated much better with climate data than with other factors. To our knowledge, this is the first time in which the data point to a clear separation between the more numerous and diversified soil macrofauna in coffee with organic cultivation from that with a conventional cultivation system.