Coffee Science - v.09, n.3, 2014
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/7827
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Item Effect of temperature and cytokinin on the capacity of direct somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica L. genotypes(Editora UFLA, 2014-07) Almeida, Julieta Andréa Silva de; Leal, Rebeca Rocha; Carmazini, Valéria Cristina Barbosa; Salomon, Marcus Vinicius; Guerreiro-Filho, OliveiroThe vegetative multiplication of Coffea arabica hybrids can be carried out by direct somatic embryogenesis. The objective of this study was to verify if temperature and cytokinins could influence the capacity for direct somatic embryogeneis in arabica genotypes. For this purpose foliar explants taken from adult plants of three C. arabica genotypes, hybrids 812 and 956 and cultivar Catuaí, were inoculated into a culture medium with 1⁄2 MS salts, 20.0 g l -1 sucrose and 30 μM 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) or 10 μM 2-isopenteniladenina (2-iP) and submitted to temperatures of 25 and 30 oC in the absence of light. The treatments were evaluated with respect to the number of somatic embryos formed per foliar explant, at 270 days after the beginning of the experiment. A completely random experimental design was adopted with a 3 x 2 x 2 (genotype x temperature x plant growth regulator) factorial scheme, with ten replications per treatment and two explants in each. Temperature of 30 o C favored significantly the formation of somatic embryos when compared to 25 o C and this response pattern predominated amongst the three genotypes. On the other hand, 6-BA and 2-iso-pentenladenine caused similar answers for the majority of genotypes. The results of this study showed that temperature has a significant influence on the direct somatic embryogenesis capacity of C. arabica genotypes.Item Genetic progress in coffee progenies by different selection criteria(Editora UFLA, 2014-07) Rezende, Juliana Costa de; Botelho, Cesar Elias; Oliveira, Antônio Carlos Baião de; Silva, Felipe Lopes da; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues; Pereira, Antônio AlvesIn order to investigate the aspects related to the use of selection indexes in Coffea arabica breeding, analytical procedures were used: index based on the sum of ranks of Mulamba and Mock (ISR), index of desired gains of Pesek and Baker (DGI), classic index of Smith and Hazel (CI), base index of Williams (BI), and direct and indirect selection (DIS). Thirty-nine progenies were evaluated in the 4 th generation by selfing after the 2 nd backcross between “Catuai” and “Mundo Novo”. The evaluations were realized in coffee plants from 30 months old on, having the following characteristics: yield of eight harvests, classification for blend 16 and over, percentage of floating fruits, vegetative vigor and percentage of flat beans. The analytical procedures of selection indexes showed possibilities of applications in advanced generations of breeding being superior when compared with DIS. The DGI was not appropriate in the situation analyzed in this work. The selection based on CI and BI was the criteria that showed the best results in terms of gains in yield and grain size, and in the distribution of gains in the other characteristics.