Coffee Science_v.17, 2022
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/13712
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Resultados da Pesquisa
Item Mapping of coffee land zoning based on sensory attributes of wine coffee(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2023-01-20) Chairuddin, Zulkarnain; Laban, Sartika; Iksan, Muh.; Khaerunnisa, Khaerunnisa; Suhardjo, Suhardjo; Hock, Tan KhimThe primary aimed of this study is to carry out land zoning of Arabica coffee area based on the characteristics of organoleptic sensory attributes with the optimal taste of coffee wine at different levels of altitudes. The study was conducted on the hillsides of Mount Bawakaraeng Lompobattang, South Sulawesi Province which has Arabica coffee plants at different altitudes, namely, 1000-1200 m.asl (A), 1200-1400 m.asl (B), 1400-1600 m.asl (C), and 1600-1800 m.asl (D). Quality tests of coffee beans and organoleptic sensory attribute taste tests were carried out including fragrance or aroma, flavor, aftertaste, acidity, body, uniformity, balance, clean cup, sweetness, overall, and taint or defect. The results of the study showed that the coffee beans were classified as quality 1 with large bean size; while the characteristics of uniformity, clean cup, and sweetness are the basic or essential characteristics of the coffee beans tested in this study because they showed the highest score of 10 and this score is consistent for all levels of altitudes. The results of compiling organoleptic sensory attribute data and satellite imagery analysis were used for mapping potential coffee fields with Specialty Grade, covering area of 20,025.54 ha or equal to 2.00% of the research area of 1,011,693 ha. In addition, coffee land zones can also be mapped with the level of coffee wine taste based on the distribution pattern of dominant organoleptic sensory attributes at different altitude. The order of the optimal level of coffee wine taste can be written as the land zoning, as follows: D > B > C > A. The land zoning D covers an area of 3,351.60 ha; B 5,738.53 ha; C 4,381.27 ha; and A 3,552.10 ha. Overall, it can be concluded that the taste of wine coffee tends to be better or optimal as the level of altitude increases.Item Water, energy and carbon dynamics over an intercropped sun-grown coffee and corn system(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) López, Juan Carlos García; Herrera, Ninibeth Gibelli Sarmiento; Carabalí, Carolina Ramírez; Bohórquez, Juan Pablo Carvajal; Bejarano, Natalia Catalina Flechas; Chaurra, Daniel Antonio FrancoThe energy dissipation and the evapotranspiration processes, are factors involved in the ecosystem net carbon exchange and are determinants in the ability of a self-regulating system to balance high carbon emissions. To discover these relationships, a corn production system intercropped with coffee was monitored during the first 19 months after the system establishment, to determine the flux of energy, water, gases, and carbon by implementing the eddy covariance technique. From the net carbon exchange ecosystem balance, during the first cycle of corn intercropped with coffee, 63 g C m-2 was fixed. For the next phase of coffee culture, maintaining the corn stalks and coffee branches, 5.4 g C m-2 was emitted. In the second cycle with intercropped corn, the fixation was 291 g of C m-2; and in the last period of the first reproductive stage of the coffee trees, 172 g C m-2 was fixed. Throughout the analysis period, the system behaved as a carbon sink with a potential fixation between 4.7 and 5.6 ton C ha-1. The energy, measured as net radiation, was estimated at 274.53 ± 5.2 W m-2 day-1, and it was dissipated mainly as sensible heat (26.5% - 53.6%), latent heat (45.7% - 71, 9%) and soil heat (0.5% - 1.6%). The crop coefficient (Kc) in the coffee vegetative stage in the monoculture, fluctuated between 0.79 ± 0.05 and 0.99 ± 0.04. For the intercropping system with corn, the Kc was calculated at 0.84 ± 0.05, 1.05 ± 0.06, 1.60 ± 0.09, and 1.22 ± 0.05 for the vegetative, pre-flowering, maximum foliar development and harvest maturity stages of corn, respectively.Item Agronomic, anatomic and physiological characterization of Coffea arabica L. genotypes on irrigated system in the Central Cerrado(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) Santos, Cyntia Stephânia dos; Matos, Nagla Maria Sampaio de; Rezende, Tiago Teruel; Mauri, Janaína; Rodrigues, Gustavo Costa; Veiga, Adriano Delly; Bartholo, Gabriel Ferreira; Carvalho, Milene Alves de FigueiredoDue to climatic conditions and the possibility of using machineries, coffee has a potential to achieve high yields with reduced costs, in the biome of Cerrado. Leaf anatomy and physiology can help in the identification of more adapted cultivars to a given environmental condition. The objective is to verify the behavior of Coffea arabica L. genotypes in the Cerrado of the Brazilian Central Plateau through anatomical and physiological characterization and yield. Ten coffee genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank located in the municipality of Planaltina, Distrito Federal, were evaluated. The genotypes evaluated were: Araponga MG1, Catiguá MG2, Catiguá MG3 P23, Catiguá MG3 P7, Catiguá MG3 P51, Catiguá MG3 P, Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62, Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15, Paraíso MG1 and Topázio MG 1190. The phenotypic characteristics evaluated were the thickness of: adaxial cuticle surface, adaxial and abaxial epidermis surfaces, the palisade and spongy parenchyma, the mesophyll layer, the phloem, number and diameter of the xylem vessels, stomatal density, relationship between the polar and equatorial diameter of the stoma, specific leaf area, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, water use efficiency, intercellular carbon concentration and yield. Genotypes of Coffea arabica L. presented a distinction between the characteristics evaluated when grown under climatic conditions of the Brazilian Central Plateau Cerrado, highlighting the variations in the behavior and distinguished adaptation in this environment. The Araponga MG1 genotype stood out for anatomical and physiological characteristics of higher values, such as net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon concentration, abaxial and adaxial epidermis thickness, stomatal density and number of xylem vessels. The genotype Paraíso MG1 stands out for higher grain productivity. The genotype Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15 stands out for anatomical and physiological characteristics such as higher stomatal density, greater number of xylem vessels and greater efficiency in water use, resulting in improved productivity.Item Looking for adjustments to severe drought in coffee: lessons of a rainfall exclusion plot in the Southern Brazil(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-12-29) Silva, Debora Valim da; Naves, Vicente Luiz; Toro-Herrera, Mayra Alejandra; Vieira, Daniel Amorim; Mendonça, Ane Marcela das Chagas; Rambal, Serge; Barbosa, João Paulo Rodrigues Alves DelfinoRainfall exclusion experiments allow us assessing the effects of environmental stresses such as long-term water limitations on both leaf and canopy structural traits. This work aimed to evaluate how leaf anatomical traits and canopy development of productive coffee trees change when submitted to more dry conditions in the southern region of Minas Gerais - Brazil. The experimental plots have been set up in a plantation area in which is growing Coffea arabica L. cv. Mundo Novo- IAC 379-19, in a completely randomized arrangement, composed by three treatments: Control (C) - no gutter system; Control plus roof (Ĉ) and Exclusion system (E). Leaf anatomical and canopy traits were determined within a year at the end of each season: late Spring- 2015 (Sp), and late Summer (Su), late Autumn (Au) and late Winter (Wi) - 2016. During the studied period the rainfall exclusion condition led to a reduction in the relative water content (RWC) of leaves. In the leaf-level, as the dry condition increase, the leaves invested in thicker cuticles, reduced xylem and phloem areas and smaller stomata, especially with the rainfall exclusion. In the canopy-level, there was a remarkable reduction in leaf area index (LAI) especially in the winter as a strategy of reduction of transpiratory area, when the availability of water decreased around 25%. In a context of reduced water availability due to effects of climate change, coffee trees may be able to present modifications at both levels, to cope with the effects of this abiotic stress.Item Selection of Conilon coffee clones for the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais, Brazil(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-06-09) Moura, Waldênia de Melo; Pedrosa, Adriene Woods; Oliveira, Rebeca Lourenço de; Cecon, Paulo Roberto; Ferrão, Romário Gava; Ferrão, Maria Amélia Gava; Verdin Filho, Abraão CarlosRecently, the cultivation of Coffea canephora species has expanded as a consequence of climate change effects and emerging markets that use this cof-fee as raw material. To meet such demands of production, it is necessary to also improve yield in cultivated areas. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate Conilon coffee clones to identify the most promising fitting material for the Zona da Mata region of Minas Gerais, as well as to analyze the effect of the genotype x biennium interaction and estimate correlation coefficients among evaluated characteristics. Vegetative vigor, yield, main pests and diseases were evaluated in 36 clones from Incaper, ES. The statistical analyses considered the averages of each biennium: Biennium 1 (B1) - 2005/2006; Biennium 2 (B2) - 2007/2008; Biennium 3 (B3) - 2009/2010, and also the average of three biennia (A3B). Univariate and joint statistical analysis were performed, as well as estimates of phenotypic, genotypic and environmental correlation coefficients among assessed characteristics. A wide variability among clones was observed for most of the evaluated characteristics for both each biennium and the average of three biennia. The severities of most diseases have reduced over the years of cultivation. The genotypic correlation coefficients have overcome phenotypic and environmental ones. In general, pests and diseases severities showed significant and negative correlations with vegetative vigor and yield. On the other hand, the last two characteristics were posi-tively correlated. It was also evidenced a certain diversity among clones for most of the evaluated traits. Clone x biennium interaction was significant only for yield and leaf rust severity. There are negative correlations among the characteristics associated with yield and pests and diseases occurrences, which make it possible the use of yield variable as a selection parameter. Clones 24, 23, 28, 26, 21, 29 and 06 MG/ES present a higher potential for cultivation in the Zona da Mata of Minas Gerais.Item Identifying Coffea genotypes tolerant to water deficit(Universidade Federal de Lavras, 2022-06-09) Molina, Diana; Rivera, Ruben MedinaApproximately 26% of the coffee grown in Colombia is located in areas presenting water deficit, with some of these areas also presenting high solar brightness. This combination reduces coffee production, thus affecting the income of 31% of the country’s coffee-growing families. To identify accessions of the Colombian Coffee Collection (CCC) that are tolerant to water deficit, 65 genotypes were evaluated in screenhouse conditions at the National Coffee Research Center (Cenicafé), located in Manizales, Caldas, Colombia. Seedlings of each genotype were transplanted to polyethylene bags, each filled with 10 kg sandy loam Andisol soil. Two moisture treatments were applied as follows: (1) soil at field capacity (60% moisture) and (2) water deficit conditions, with soil at 50% field capacity (30% moisture). After five months, total dry biomass was determined, considered as the sum of the dry biomass of leaves, stems, and roots. The Student’s t test for independent samples was used to analyze resulting values at a level of significance of 5%. Reducing irrigation under water deficit conditions usually delays accession growth, which is reflected in decreased biomass. However, the total dry biomass of nine Ethiopian introductions of Coffea arabica (CCC238, CCC254, CCC284, CCC372, CCC474, CCC536, CCC537, CCC555, CCC1147), six diploid accessions (CCC1030, EA.20, EA.209, EA.227, EA.229, EA.287), and three interspecific hybrids of Caturra x Coffea canephora (25, 640, 702) in water deficit conditions did not differ sta-tistically from the total dry biomass obtained in treatments with irrigation at field capacity. Because these introductions present adaptation mechanisms to water deficit, they retain their leaves without reducing their leaf area or total dry biomass and should accordingly be considered as candidates for evaluation in dry regions to determine their tolerance to water deficit based on effects on production or biomass.