Acta Scientiarum Agronomy
URI permanente para esta coleçãohttps://thoth.dti.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11111
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Item Statistical procedure for the composition of a sensory panel of blends of coffee with different qualities using the distribution of the extremes of the highest scores(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2019) Cirillo, Marcelo Ângelo; Ramos, Mariana Figueira; Borém, Flávio Meira; Miranda, Felipe Mesquita de; Ribeiro, Diego Egídio; Menezes, Fortunato Silva deThe identification and interpretation of discrepant observations in sensory experiments are difficult to implement since the external effects are associated with the individual consumer. This fact becomes more relevant in experiments that involve blends, which scrutinize coffees with different qualities, varieties, origins, and forms of processing and preparation. This work proposes a statistical procedure that facilitates the identification of outliers while also evaluating the discriminatory powers of a sensory panel concerning the differentiation of pure blends and coffees. For this purpose, four experiments were performed that tested coffees with different qualities and varieties. The results suggest that the statistical procedure proposed in this work was effective for discriminating the blends relative to the pure coffees and that the effects of the concentrations and types of processing did not interfere with the statistical evaluations.Item Plot size for evaluation of Arabica coffee yield(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2019) Moraes, Bráulio Fabiano Xavier de; Toledo, Fernando Henrique Ribeiro Barroso; Dias, Kaio Olímpio das Graças; Andrade, Vinícius Teixeira; Ferreira, Daniel Furtado; Gonçalves, Flávia Maria AvelarIn most cases, in genetic breeding of Arabica coffee, plot size is defined in an empirical manner. It is often based only on the experience of the breeders and the availability of resources, potentially leading to a reduction in precision. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the size of the experimental plot for evaluation of coffee yield. We evaluated two experiments for validation of cultivars with 12 treatments set up in a randomized complete block design with three replicates and plots composed of 50 plants. Each plant was considered as a basic unit. Estimates of ideal plot size were made by maximum curvature of the coefficient of variation, linear-plateau segmented model and by the resampling methods. We discussed the variations in the parameter estimates for different plot sizes. Divergence was seen among the plot sizes estimated by the different methodologies. Increasing the number of plants per plot led to a higher experimental precision to the point that the increase was no longer significant. The plot size recommended for evaluating coffee production is from seven to 19 plants.Item Leaf area index and radiation extinction coefficient of a coffee canopy under variable drip irrigation levels(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2019) Costa, Jéfferson de Oliveira; Coelho, Rubens Duarte; Barros, Timóteo Herculino da Silva; Fraga Junior, Eusímio Felisbino; Fernandes, André Luís TeixeiraThe leaf area index (LAI) is relevant in studies of phenomena at different scales, such as for the leaf to canopy scale and the calculation of the extinction coefficient of photosynthetically active radiation (kPAR), providing input for the parameterization of physiological basis models. The objective of this work was to verify the variation of the LAI and the coffee kPAR subjected to different drip irrigation levels (130, 100, 70, and 40%) and to compare the data obtained from radiation bar linear sensors (SunScan) in the plants that received full irrigation with the values found by other LAI estimation methodologies. The study was conducted in Piracicaba, São Paulo State, Brazil, using the species Coffea arabica cv. Red Catuaí IAC 144; a drip irrigation system was adopted, with the irrigation controlled by tensiometry. The mean LAI values were higher in the L130 (irrigation level of 130%) and L100 (irrigation level of 100%) treatments than those with deficit irrigation depths. The mean kPAR values were lower for the L130 and L100 treatments than the values found in the deficit irrigation depth treatments. When comparing SunScan to other methodologies, the mean error (ME) and absolute mean error (AME) were high.Item Concentration and accumulation of micronutrients in robust coffee(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2019) Dubberstein, Danielly; Partelli, Fabio Luiz; Espindula, Marcelo Curitiba; Dias, Jairo Rafael MachadoKnowledge on the dynamics of micronutrients in coffee tree assists nutritional diagnosis and fertilization management. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the concentration and accumulation of micronutrients in the leaves and fruits of Coffea canephora. The experiment was managed in crops propagated for 2.5 years in a split-plot-in-time scheme in which the main plots consisted of fertilized and not-fertilized plants, and the subplots stipulated the evaluation periods. The berries and leaves were collected every 28 days, starting from the first flowering to full maturity. The micronutrient content was determined by laboratory chemical analysis, and the accumulation of nutrients in the fruit (mg) was calculated by multiplying the dry matter of the berry (g) × nutrient concentration (mg kg−1). The results showed that fertilization infers the zinc concentration in the fruits and the concentration for manganese, iron and zinc in the leaves in the determined periods. Micronutrient accumulation curves followed the simple sigmoidal model, with accumulation increasing considerably as a function of fruit growth. Thus, fertilization based on micronutrients must be divided over stages with higher accumulation rates, considering the specific requirement of each nutrient.Item Multivariate analysis of sensory characteristics of coffee grains (Coffea arabica L.) in the region of upper Paranaíba(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2010-10) Pereira, Marcelo Cláudio; Chalfoun, Sara Maria; Carvalho, Gladyston Rodrigues de; Savian, Taciana VillelaThis study aimed to examine the sensory characteristics of the grains of 21 cultivars of Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora Pierre from the essays of genetic improvement of EPAMIG, located in Patrocínio Municipality, Minas Gerais State, where they were collected through cloths stripping method and washed. Subsequently to dry (11 to 12% moisture b.u.), we obtained the coffee designated as “natural”. The evaluated varieties were: Acaiá Cerrado MG 1474; Bourbon Vermelho DATERRA; Catiguá MG 1; Catiguá MG 2; Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62; Catuaí Vermelho IAC 15; H 419-3-1-4-2; H 419- 6-2 -5-2; H 419-6-2-5-3; H 419-6-2-7-3 Vermelho; H 493-1-2-10; H 514-7-10-1 Vermelho; H 514-7-10-6; H 515-4-2-2; H 518-3-6-1; Icatú Amarelo IAC 3282; Mundo Novo 379-19; Mundo Novo IAC 376-4; Rubi MG 1192; Sacramento MG 1 and Topázio MG 1190, from 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 seasons. The cultivars according to the first principal component with notes above 80 points, regarded as superior drink according to attributes with the highest scores (flavor, sweetness, balance, acidity, clean drink, and aspect) were: Catiguá MG2, Rubi MG 1192, 514-7-10-6 H, H 419-3-1-4-2, H 419-6-2-5-2, 493-1-2-10 H, H 514-7-10-1 Vermelho, Catiguá MG1, Sacramento MG1, 419-6-2-5-3 H, H 515-9-2-2 and Catuaí Amarelo IAC 62.Item Variação de diferentes tempos de revolvimento em secador de camada fixa para café(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2010-10) Greco, Marcelo; Campos, Alessandro Torres; Klosowski, Elcio SilvérioObjetivou-se no presente trabalho avaliar a eficiência energética na secagem de café (Coffea arabica L.) em secador de camada fixa, empregando-se diferentes combinações de tempo de revolvimento. O experimento foi realizado no mês de julho de 2004, no município de Jesuítas – Estado do Paraná. O secador, dotado de um sistema mecânico com pás, promovia o revolvimento rotatório do produto a diferentes intervalos de tempo. A temperatura do ar de secagem foi de 75 ± 5oC. A ventilação e a secagem mantiveram-se contínuas no teste. Observou-se que a eficiência energética média foi de 12,3 MJ kg -1 , não sendo verificadas diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos. Para o modelo de secador utilizado recomenda-se a utilização do sistema de revolvimento com intervalos de 3h e secagem contínua.Item Inibição in vitro de fungos toxigênicos por Pichia sp. e Debaryomyces sp. isoladas de frutos de café (Coffea arabica)(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2010-07) Ramos, Darlê Martins Barros; Silva, Cristina Ferreira; Batista, Luís Roberto; Schwan, Rosane FreitasO café é um produto nacional com grande expressão para a economia brasileira. O uso excessivo de fungicidas tem levado a pesquisas sobre formas alternativas como o controle biológico. Objetivou-se avaliar o potencial antagônico de leveduras em co-cultivo com fungos filamentosos. Isolados das espécies Debaryomyces hansenii (UFLACF 889 e UFLACF 847) e Pichia anomala (UFLACF 710 e UFLACF 951) foram inoculados (10 3 a 10 6 células mL-1 ) com três espécies de fungos filamentosos, Aspergillus ochraceus, A. parasiticus e Penicillium roqueforti (10 3 a 10 6 esporos mL-1 ). A avaliação do crescimento micelial e a contagem de esporos foram realizadas durante 21 dias. Observou-se que o isolado UFLACF 889 apresentou, em média, maior efeito inibitório na produção de esporos de A. ochraceus (inibição de 82%) e P. roqueforti (74%). O isolado UFLACF 710 inibiu a produção de esporos, em média, 60 e 75,6% de A. ochraceus e P. roqueforti, respectivamente. A. parasiticus foi o fungo mais resistente à inibição pelas leveduras. O crescimento micelial não foi inibido pela presença da levedura em co-cultivo. Portanto, pode-se concluir que leveduras em cultivo pareado com fungos filamentosos são capazes de inibir a produção de esporos e, potencialmente, diminuir a disseminação destes fungos no processamento de café.Item Modeling of the shrinkage kinetics of coffee berries during drying(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2011-07) Oliveira, Gabriel Henrique Horta; Corrêa, Paulo Cesar; Botelho, Fernando Mendes; Goneli, André Luis Duarte; Afonso Júnior, Paulo Cesar; Campos, Sílvia CarvalhoThe effects of drying conditions on the shrinkage of Coffea arabica L., cultivar Catuaí Vermelho, were studied. An exponential model derived from the kinetic model was used to describe the shrinkage kinetics. In addition, an equation was proposed to describe the relationship between the superficial areas and weights of the coffee berries. Coffee berries were dried at temperatures (T) of 35, 45, 55 and 65oC and at relative humidities (φ) of 25, 35, 45 and 55%, forming 16 different sets of conditions, with an initial moisture content for all conditions of 2.27 dry basis (d.b.), dried until 0.11 d.b. Changes in the product dimensions were measured continuously during drying. Surface area-to-volume ratio values increased with moisture content decrease. The model was suitable for representing the shrinkage kinetics, as well the empirical equation for predicting surface area. Temperature had a greater influence over the constant rate of change of the characteristic dimension (k values) than φ. Activation energies were also determined to have magnitudes of 39.31, 37.32, 36.28 and 36.22 kJ mol-1 for relative humidities of 25, 35, 45 and 55%, respectively.Item Microclimate in coffee plantation grown under grevillea trees shading(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2011-04) Pezzopane, José Ricardo Macedo; Souza, Paulo Sérgio de; Rolim, Glauco de Souza; Gallo, Paulo BollerMeasurements of solar global radiation, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity of air were made in a coffee plantation (Coffea Arabica L. variety Icatu Vermelho- IAC 4045), grown under conditions of shading levels caused by grevillea trees (Grevillea robusta) in Mococa-SP region (21o 28’ S, 47o 01’ W, altitude 665m), between January and December 2005, aiming to show the effects of shading crop system on the microclimate. The results showed that there was a reduction of about 26% of solar global radiation in the shaded systems, with a monthly variation of 24-30%. It has been highlighted some differences in the transmittance of global radiation in the shaded coffee trees due to the spatial variation of grevillea canopy. There was a reduction of about 35% in the five days-averaged wind speed in the shaded system that also presented reduced maximum air temperature and a reduction in the vapor pressure deficit during day-light period, especially in the point sampled near to the grevillea trees.Item Multiplication of embryogenic calli in Coffea arabica L.(Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM, 2012-01) Rezende, Juliana Costa de; Carvalho, Carlos Henrique Siqueira de; Santos, Ana Carolina Ramia; Pasqual, Moacir; Teixeira, João BatistaThe goal of this project was to evaluate the embryogenic callus induction of two Coffea arabica clones selected for their characteristics of rust resistance and high yield, as well as to compare their multiplication in two different media under both solid and liquid cultivation conditions. The protocol described by Teixeira et al. (2004) was used for callus induction in a randomized block design in which each clone was considered a treatment. Evaluation of callus induction was carried out 180 days after initiation by counting embryogenic calli. For callus multiplication, the treatments consisted of two different media [stage two of Albarran et al. (2004) and the multiplication medium described by Teixeira et al. (2004)] and two cultivation systems (solid and liquid). Evaluations were conducted by weighing calli 21, 42 and 63 days after initiation of the experiment. The two studied clones exhibited the same potential for embryogenic callus induction. The potential for embryogenic callus multiplication was influenced by the plant’s genotype. When compared with the liquid system, the solid system displayed the highest level of embryogenic callus multiplication for the clones studied.
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