Patogenicidade de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. ao cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.)
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Data
2003
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Neste trabalho foram conduzidos experimentos em laboratório, visando estabelecer a patogenicidade de Colletotrichum sp. ao cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.). Isolamentos de Colletotrichum sp. foram feitos a partir de material coletado em quatro estados: Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo e Paraná. A partir dos isolamentos foram obtidas 180 culturas monospóricas, mantidas em sílica-gel, visando à preservação. Entre as 180 culturas inoculadas, em ramos com três rosetas de frutos verdes, houve diferença na incidência observada, tanto nos ramos com ferimento como naqueles sem ferimento, dez dias após a inoculação. A incidência máxima obtida foi de 69,5%, entretanto a testemunha, atomizada com água estéril, também manifestou sintomas e abundante esporulação de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, resultado novamente observado quando da repetição do experimento. Isso gerou dúvidas sobre a eficiência da sanitização dos ramos e frutos verdes coletados no campo. As amostras passaram por um processo de esterilização superficial, utilizado nas etapas para isolamento de organismos endofíticos. Pôde-se observar que, mesmo superficialmente estéreis, os tecidos apresentavam abundante esporulação de C. gloeosporioides após seis dias de incubação em condições assépticas. Testes de patogenicidade foram então realizados, com e sem ferimento, utilizando-se três isolados, os quais foram inoculados em plantas oriundas de cultura de tecido, com três meses de idade, não sendo observados sintomas por mais de 20 dias após a inoculação. Porém, conseguiu-se recuperar o fungo das plantas inoculadas, mesmo depois de lavadas em água corrente, álcool 70% e cloro ativo 2%. Isso mostra que o organismo penetrou nos tecidos, entretanto sem manifestar sintomas. A partir desses resultados, concluiu-se que testes de patogenicidade de C. gloeosporioides devem ser conduzidos em plantas de cultura de tecido, a fim de se assegurar a sanidade do material a ser inoculado, visto que, mesmo após esterilização superficial do tecido, o organismo pode permanecer latente. Neste trabalho, obtiveram-se indícios de que C. gloeosporioides apresenta relação endofítica nos tecidos de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica).
This work had the objective to establish the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum sp to Coffea arabica. Isolations of Colletotrichum sp. were done from material collected in the field in four States: Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Paraná. It was obtained 180 monoconidial cultures and maintained in silica-gel, for preservation. Among the 180 inoculated cultures, in branches with 3 rosettes of green fruits, there was difference in the incidence in the wounded and not wounded branches 10 days after the inoculation. The maximum incidence was of 69.5%, however check treatment atomized with sterile water, also manifested symptoms and abundant sporulation of C. gloeosporioides, the same results was observed again when the experiment was repeated. This generated doubts on the efficiency of the sanitization of the branches and green fruits collected in the field. The tissue samples went by a superficial sterilized process, used in the stages to isolate endofitic organisms. It was observed that even superficially sterile, the tissues presented abundant sporulation of C. gloeosporioides after six days of incubation in aseptic conditions. Pathogenicity tests were then accomplished, with and without wound, using three isolates in three months old coffee seedlings of tissue culture. No symptoms observed for more than 20 days after the inoculation. However, the fungus was recovered of the inoculated plants, even after they had been washed in running water, alcohol 70% and active chlorine 2%. However, C. gloeosporioides was isolate from the inoculated tissue, although no symptoms were observed. From these results it was concluded that pathogenicity tests C. gloeosporioides, should be performed in plants from tissue culture, because, even after superficial sterilization of the tissue, the organism can be in the stage latent. In this work it was obtained, indications that C. gloeosporioides presents endofitic relationship in the tissues of Coffea arabica.
This work had the objective to establish the pathogenicity of Colletotrichum sp to Coffea arabica. Isolations of Colletotrichum sp. were done from material collected in the field in four States: Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Espírito Santo and Paraná. It was obtained 180 monoconidial cultures and maintained in silica-gel, for preservation. Among the 180 inoculated cultures, in branches with 3 rosettes of green fruits, there was difference in the incidence in the wounded and not wounded branches 10 days after the inoculation. The maximum incidence was of 69.5%, however check treatment atomized with sterile water, also manifested symptoms and abundant sporulation of C. gloeosporioides, the same results was observed again when the experiment was repeated. This generated doubts on the efficiency of the sanitization of the branches and green fruits collected in the field. The tissue samples went by a superficial sterilized process, used in the stages to isolate endofitic organisms. It was observed that even superficially sterile, the tissues presented abundant sporulation of C. gloeosporioides after six days of incubation in aseptic conditions. Pathogenicity tests were then accomplished, with and without wound, using three isolates in three months old coffee seedlings of tissue culture. No symptoms observed for more than 20 days after the inoculation. However, the fungus was recovered of the inoculated plants, even after they had been washed in running water, alcohol 70% and active chlorine 2%. However, C. gloeosporioides was isolate from the inoculated tissue, although no symptoms were observed. From these results it was concluded that pathogenicity tests C. gloeosporioides, should be performed in plants from tissue culture, because, even after superficial sterilization of the tissue, the organism can be in the stage latent. In this work it was obtained, indications that C. gloeosporioides presents endofitic relationship in the tissues of Coffea arabica.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave
Café Coffee berry disease (CBD) Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Isolamento Patogenicidade, Coffee berry disease (CBD) Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Isolation Pathogenicity
Citação
Paresqui, Leonardo. Patogenicidade de Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. ao cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.). Viçosa : UFV, 2003. 44p. : il. (Dissertação - Mestrado em Fitopatologia). Orientador: Laércio Zambolim. T 633.73944 P228p 2003