Identificação de análogos a genes de resistência (RGAs) a Hemileia vastatrix no genoma Coffea arabica e avaliação da expressão gênica na interação
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Data
2022-05-25
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Das mais de 100 espécies de café, Coffea arabica e Coffea canephora são as de maior interesse comercial. As pragas e doenças que incidem sobre os cafeeiros são responsáveis pela redução da qualidade e produtividade da cultura, além de elevarem os custos de produção e os riscos ambientais advindos da aplicação de agrotóxicos. Um exemplo é a doença causada pelo fungo Hemileia vastatrix. Alternativas de controle das doenças do cafeeiro têm sido desenvolvidas, com destaque à obtenção e uso de cultivares resistentes. Sendo assim, os estudos do genoma e genética funcional de plantas e interações com patógenos aumentaram consideravelmente a compreensão acerca das bases moleculares associadas com o processo de infecção e defesa das plantas. Essas tecnologias têm fornecido oportunidade para selecionar novos alvos a serem incorporados nas novas cultivares com o objetivo de obter resistência duradoura. Um alvo candidato importante a ser explorado são os genes PRRs (Pattern Recognition Receptor) e R (Plant resistance genes), chamados de análogos de genes de resistência (Resistance Gene Analog -RGAs) que compartilham domínios e motivos conservados. Sendo assim, o objetivo desse estudo foi identificar e classificar análogos a genes de resistência (RGAs) no genoma de C. arabica e analisar sua expressão em transcriptoma da interação Coffea-Hemileia vastatrix. Para isso, uma abordagem baseada em predição de domínios funcionais em proteínas codificadas pelos RGAs foi empregada, fazendo uso de duas ferramentas, sendo elas, o RRGPredictor e o DRAGO2.Foram identificadas dezenove classes gênicas e vinte e cinco genes candidatos com potencial envolvidos na resistência de C. arabica a H.vastatrix. No transcriptoma da interação Coffea-H. vastatrix foi observada uma possível atuação dos genes identificados na resistência pré-haustorial do cafeeiro. A identificação desses genes permitirá entender melhor como funciona a interação entre Coffea e Hemileia vastatrix, além de contribuírem para a seleção assistida de cultivares cafeeiras resistentes nos programas de melhoramento. Palavras-chave: Bioinformática. Ferrugem no cafeeiro. Análogos de genes a resistência.
Among more than 100 species of coffee Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora are the ones with greatest commercial value. Pests and diseases that affect coffee trees are responsible for reducing the quality and productivity of the crop, in addition, they increase production costs and environmental risks arising from the application of pesticides. One example is the disease caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix. Alternatives to control coffee diseases have been developed, with emphasis on obtaining and using resistant cultivars. Thus, studies of the genome and functional genetics of plants and interactions with pathogens have considerably increased the understanding of the molecular bases associated with the process of plant infection and defense. These technologies have provided an opportunity to select new targets to be incorporated into new cultivars in order to obtain longer resistance. An important candidate target to be explored are the PRRs (Pattern Recognition Receptor) and R (Plant resistance genes), called Resistance Gene Analogues (RGAs) that share conserved domains and motifs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and classify resistance gene analogues (RGAs) in the genome of C. arabica and analyze their transcriptome expression of the Coffea- Hemileia vastatrix interaction. For this, an approach based on prediction of functional domains in proteins encoded by RGAs was employed, making use of two tools, namely, RRGPredictor and DRAGO2. Nineteen gene classes and twenty-five candidate genes were identified with potential involved in the resistance of C. arabica to H.vastatrix. In the transcriptome of the Coffea-H. vastatrix, a possible action of the genes identified in the pre-haustorial resistance of the coffee tree was observed. The identification of these genes will allow a better understanding of how the interaction between Coffea and Hemileia vastatrix works, in addition to contributing to the assisted selection of resistant coffee cultivars in breeding programs. Keywords: Bioinformatics. Coffee leaf rust. Resistance Gene Analog.
Among more than 100 species of coffee Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora are the ones with greatest commercial value. Pests and diseases that affect coffee trees are responsible for reducing the quality and productivity of the crop, in addition, they increase production costs and environmental risks arising from the application of pesticides. One example is the disease caused by the fungus Hemileia vastatrix. Alternatives to control coffee diseases have been developed, with emphasis on obtaining and using resistant cultivars. Thus, studies of the genome and functional genetics of plants and interactions with pathogens have considerably increased the understanding of the molecular bases associated with the process of plant infection and defense. These technologies have provided an opportunity to select new targets to be incorporated into new cultivars in order to obtain longer resistance. An important candidate target to be explored are the PRRs (Pattern Recognition Receptor) and R (Plant resistance genes), called Resistance Gene Analogues (RGAs) that share conserved domains and motifs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and classify resistance gene analogues (RGAs) in the genome of C. arabica and analyze their transcriptome expression of the Coffea- Hemileia vastatrix interaction. For this, an approach based on prediction of functional domains in proteins encoded by RGAs was employed, making use of two tools, namely, RRGPredictor and DRAGO2. Nineteen gene classes and twenty-five candidate genes were identified with potential involved in the resistance of C. arabica to H.vastatrix. In the transcriptome of the Coffea-H. vastatrix, a possible action of the genes identified in the pre-haustorial resistance of the coffee tree was observed. The identification of these genes will allow a better understanding of how the interaction between Coffea and Hemileia vastatrix works, in addition to contributing to the assisted selection of resistant coffee cultivars in breeding programs. Keywords: Bioinformatics. Coffee leaf rust. Resistance Gene Analog.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa.
Palavras-chave
Café - Melhoramento genético, Bioinformática, Ferrugem-do-cafeeiro, Marcadores genéticos, Café - Resistência a doenças e pragas
Citação
ESTANISLAU, Giovana Gomes. Identificação de análogos a genes de resistência (RGAs) a Hemileia vastatrix no genoma Coffea arabica e avaliação da expressão gênica na interação. 2022. 59 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa-MG. 2022.