Crescimento inicial de cafeeiros e fertilidade do solo adubado com mucuna, amendoim forrageiro ou sulfato de amônio
Data
2011-01
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Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
Os cafeeiros possuem alta demanda nutricional e a crescente demanda por insumos de origem biológica e renovável para produção agrícola e adubação verde podem contribuir com a nutrição dos cafeeiros. No entanto, os estudos sobre adubação verde em cafezais têm como foco o N enquanto as fabáceas acumulam também outros nutrientes. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o efeito do fornecimento por fabáceas de outros nutrientes além do N, sobre o crescimento inicial de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) e sobre a fertilidade do solo. O trabalho foi realizado de 01/10/2007 a 01/09/2008, em Viçosa, MG. Os tratamentos consistiram de adubações com sulfato de amônio, massa de mucuna cinza (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.) ou de amendoim forrageiro (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & W.C. Gregory). O crescimento dos cafeeiros foi avaliado mensalmente pelos dados da altura da planta, perímetro do caule, número total de folhas, número total de ramos plagiotrópicos, número total de nós e diâmetro da copa. A fertilidade do solo foi avaliada por análise de rotina, ao final do experimento. As diferenças expressaram-se a partir do quarto mês após o plantio. Os cafeeiros que receberam adubações com massa de fabácea apresentaram crescimento vegetativo maior que os que receberam somente sulfato de amônio, com exceção da altura da planta. O solo que recebeu a massa de quaisquer das fabáceas apresentou pH mais elevado e maiores teores de P e, K, e valores de SB, CTC efetiva, V e P-rem do que o que recebeu somente sulfato de amônio. Os solos adubados com fabáceas apresentaram maior fertilidade do que aquele que recebeu sulfato de amônio, a despeito do maior crescimento dos cafeeiros.
Coffee plants have high nutrient demand and the growing demand for raw materials of biological origin for agricultural production and renewable and green manure can contribute to nutrition of the trees. However, while studies of green manure in coffee have focused on the N ,Fabaceaes also accumulate other nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplying other nutrients besides N to Fabaceaes in the initial growth of coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) and on soil fertility. The study was conducted from 10/01/2007 to 09/01/2008 in Viçosa, MG. The treatments consisted of fertilization with ammonium sulfate, mass of mucuna (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.) or pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & WC Gregory). The seedling growth was measured monthly as to plant height, stem girth, total number of leaves, total number of branches, total number of nodes and canopy diameter. Soil fertility was assessed by routine analysis at the end of the experiment. The differences were expressed from the fourth month after planting. The coffee plants that received fertilization with fabaceous mulch showed higher vegetative growth than those receiving only ammonium sulfate, with the exception of plant height. Soil mixed with mulch of any of the Fabaceaes showed higher pH and higher contents of P, K and, values of SB, effective CTC, V and P-rem than those that received only ammonium sulphate. Soils fertilized with fabaceaes presented a higher fertility than soils fertilized with ammonium sulfate, despite the increase in coffee tree growth.
Coffee plants have high nutrient demand and the growing demand for raw materials of biological origin for agricultural production and renewable and green manure can contribute to nutrition of the trees. However, while studies of green manure in coffee have focused on the N ,Fabaceaes also accumulate other nutrients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of supplying other nutrients besides N to Fabaceaes in the initial growth of coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) and on soil fertility. The study was conducted from 10/01/2007 to 09/01/2008 in Viçosa, MG. The treatments consisted of fertilization with ammonium sulfate, mass of mucuna (Mucuna pruriens (L.) DC.) or pinto peanut (Arachis pintoi Krapov. & WC Gregory). The seedling growth was measured monthly as to plant height, stem girth, total number of leaves, total number of branches, total number of nodes and canopy diameter. Soil fertility was assessed by routine analysis at the end of the experiment. The differences were expressed from the fourth month after planting. The coffee plants that received fertilization with fabaceous mulch showed higher vegetative growth than those receiving only ammonium sulfate, with the exception of plant height. Soil mixed with mulch of any of the Fabaceaes showed higher pH and higher contents of P, K and, values of SB, effective CTC, V and P-rem than those that received only ammonium sulphate. Soils fertilized with fabaceaes presented a higher fertility than soils fertilized with ammonium sulfate, despite the increase in coffee tree growth.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Arachis pintoi, Mucuna pruriens, Oeiras, Vasos
Citação
VILELA, E. F. et al. Crescimento inicial de cafeeiros e fertilidade do solo adubado com mucuna, amendoim forrageiro ou sulfato de amônio. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 6, n. 1, p. 27-35, jan./abr. 2011.