Caracterização de Cercospora coffeicola por filogenia molecular multigênica
Data
2016-02-24
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Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
A cafeicultura é uma atividade agrícola que alavanca a economia brasileira, gerando dividendos notáveis para o país. Devido a sua considerável importância, é pertinente estudar os fatores que afetam a produção de café no Brasil. O fungo Cercospora coffeicola Berk. & Cooke, agente etiológico da Cercosporiose do cafeeiro, embora cause perdas notáveis nas lavouras, é pouco estudado e estratégias de manejo efetivas para o controle da doença são escassas. Visando solucionar estas questões, objetivou-se com este estudo caracterizar isolados de Cercospora coffeicola das principais regiões produtoras do Brasil. Outro objetivo deste estudo foi epitificar a espécie, que possuía até o momento uma taxonomia confusa. A presença de sintomas atípicos da doença nas lavouras era um indício de ocorrência de variabilidade dentro da população de C. coffeicola. Então, uma amostra representativa contendo 19 isolados provenientes dos estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Bahia e Espírito Santo foi caracterizada a nível molecular. A partir da análise combinada de sequências de regiões específicas do DNA do fungo, foi possível analisar filogeneticamente diferentes isolados de C. coffeicola. A estratégia filogenética utilizada foi a abordagem multi-locos. Esta, se baseou na combinação de sequências parciais derivadas do locos Espaço interno transcrito (ITS), juntamente com partes de quatro genes codificadores das proteínas Actina (ACT), Histona H3 (HIS), Calmodulina (CAL) e Fator de Elongação 1α (TEF). Todos os genes foram avaliados individualmente segundo o método da Máxima parcimônia, e um grupo monofilético foi formado, juntamente com isolados de referência de outros países. Com isso, foi possível afirmar que, a mesma espécie pode ocasionar dois tipos de sintomas nas lavouras e ser classificada como apenas uma espécie filogenética. Não houve variação entre isolados provenientes de locais distintos, o que pode ser considerado favorável para programas de melhoramento visando resistência ao fungo, uma vez que, o controle do patógeno via melhoramento é facilitado em espécies com baixa ocorrência de variabilidade. As sequências geradas neste estudo foram depositadas no GenBank, e o alinhamento e árvore no TreeBASE para posteriores consultas que poderão auxiliar no entendimento da relação planta-patógeno e, consequentemente, o progresso de programas de melhoramento.
The brazilian coffee is an agricultural activity that leverages the economy, generating remarkable dividends for the country. Because of its considerable importance, it is pertinent to study any factor affecting coffee production in the country. The fungus Cercospora coffeicola Berk. & Cooke, etiological agent of the brown eye spot, although causes notable losses in crops is little studied and effective management strategies to control the disease are scarce. Aiming to address these issues, the aim of this study was to characterize isolates of Cercospora coffeicola from the main producing regions of Brazil. Another objective of this study was epitify the species, which had so far a confusing taxonomy. The presence of atypical symptoms of the disease in crops was a evidence of occurrence of variability within the population of C. coffeicola. Then a representative sample containing 19 isolated from the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Bahia and Espirito Santo was characterized at the molecular level. The phylogenetic approach was a multi-locos approach. This was based on the combination of partial sequences derived from the locos ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) along with four parts of genes encoding the proteins actin (ACT), calmodulin (CAL) and TEF-1α (elongation factor). All genes were individually evaluated by the method of Maximum parsimony, and a monophyletic group was formed, with reference isolated from other countries. This allows us to state that the same species can cause two types of symptoms in crops and be classified as just a phylogenetic species. There wasn’t variation between isolates from different locations, which can be considered favorable for breeding programs for resistance to the fungus, since the pathogen control is facilitated via improvement in species with low occurrence of variability. The sequences generated in this study were deposited in GenBank, and alignment and tree in TreeBASE for future reference tool for the understanding of plant- pathogen relationship and consequently the progress of breeding programs.
The brazilian coffee is an agricultural activity that leverages the economy, generating remarkable dividends for the country. Because of its considerable importance, it is pertinent to study any factor affecting coffee production in the country. The fungus Cercospora coffeicola Berk. & Cooke, etiological agent of the brown eye spot, although causes notable losses in crops is little studied and effective management strategies to control the disease are scarce. Aiming to address these issues, the aim of this study was to characterize isolates of Cercospora coffeicola from the main producing regions of Brazil. Another objective of this study was epitify the species, which had so far a confusing taxonomy. The presence of atypical symptoms of the disease in crops was a evidence of occurrence of variability within the population of C. coffeicola. Then a representative sample containing 19 isolated from the states of Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Bahia and Espirito Santo was characterized at the molecular level. The phylogenetic approach was a multi-locos approach. This was based on the combination of partial sequences derived from the locos ITS (Internal Transcribed Spacer) along with four parts of genes encoding the proteins actin (ACT), calmodulin (CAL) and TEF-1α (elongation factor). All genes were individually evaluated by the method of Maximum parsimony, and a monophyletic group was formed, with reference isolated from other countries. This allows us to state that the same species can cause two types of symptoms in crops and be classified as just a phylogenetic species. There wasn’t variation between isolates from different locations, which can be considered favorable for breeding programs for resistance to the fungus, since the pathogen control is facilitated via improvement in species with low occurrence of variability. The sequences generated in this study were deposited in GenBank, and alignment and tree in TreeBASE for future reference tool for the understanding of plant- pathogen relationship and consequently the progress of breeding programs.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Cercosporiose do cafeeiro, Sequências multi-locos
Citação
VALE, P. A. S. Caracterização de Cercospora coffeicola por filogenia molecular multigênica. 2016. 64 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biotecnologia Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2016.