Interferência do cultivo intercalar de leguminosas perenes nas características vegetativas e produtivas do cafeeiro
Data
2014-01
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Editora UFLA
Resumo
As leguminosas intercaladas nas entrelinhas do cafezal são fontes de nutrientes para as plantas, proporcionam cobertura do solo e diminuem a infestação de plantas daninhas, porém, podem competir com o cafeeiro. Objetivou-se, com este estudo, avaliar a interferência do manejo do amendoim-forrageiro e da soja-perene nas características vegetativas e produtivas do cafeeiro. O experimento foi instalado no município de Patrocínio/MG, em uma lavoura de café em produção da cultivar Catuaí Vermelho, linhagem IAC-99, no espaçamento de 3,80 x 0,70 m com 11 anos de idade. Num esquema fatorial 2 3 +1, no delineamento em blocos casualizados com 4 repetições, foram instalados nove tratamentos, sendo duas espécies de leguminosas perenes: amendoim-forrageiro (Arachis pintoi) e soja-perene (Neonotonia wightii); dois tipos de manejo lateral: sem manejo lateral e com manejo lateral com glyphosate a 50 cm da projeção da saia; dois tipos de manejo vertical: sem manejo vertical e com manejo vertical de poda das leguminosas a 5 cm do solo. O tratamento adicional, correspondente à testemunha, consistiu na aplicação do herbicida glyphosate (1,0 kg ha -1 de equivalente ácido), nas entrelinhas da parcela. A soja-perene, independente do manejo, diminui o número médio de nós e a produtividade de café. O cultivo de leguminosas sem o manejo lateral também prejudica a produtividade de café, sendo a interferência maior no ano de carga alta. O amendoim-forrageiro, manejado lateralmente, não causa interferência nas características vegetativas e produtivas do cafeeiro.
Intercropped legumes in coffee rows are nutrients sources, providing soil coverage, reducing weed infestation, however, they can negative interfere on coffee. This study evaluated interference of forage peanuts and perennial soybean on growth and yield of coffee plants. The experiment was carried out in Patrocínio/MG, in a 11 years old producing coffee orchard, cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC-99, spaced by 3,80 x 0,70 m. Nine treatments were evaluated as a 2 3 +1 factorial, in randomized blocks, with 4 replicates, with two perennial legumes: forage peanuts (Arachis pintoi) and perennial soybean (Neonotonia wightii); two types of side management: without side management, or with side management with glyphosate at 50 cm from canopy projection; two types of vertical management: no vertical management, or with vertical management at 5 cm above soil level. The additional treatment, the control, was done with the herbicide glyphosate (1.0 kg ha -1 of acid equivalent) in the whole plot (row). Perennial soybean, regardless of management, reduced the average number of nodes and coffee yield. Legume growth with no side management also affected coffee yield negatively, with greater interference during the high yield year. Forage peanut, with side management, did not affect the vegetative and yield characteristics of coffee.
Intercropped legumes in coffee rows are nutrients sources, providing soil coverage, reducing weed infestation, however, they can negative interfere on coffee. This study evaluated interference of forage peanuts and perennial soybean on growth and yield of coffee plants. The experiment was carried out in Patrocínio/MG, in a 11 years old producing coffee orchard, cultivar Catuaí Vermelho IAC-99, spaced by 3,80 x 0,70 m. Nine treatments were evaluated as a 2 3 +1 factorial, in randomized blocks, with 4 replicates, with two perennial legumes: forage peanuts (Arachis pintoi) and perennial soybean (Neonotonia wightii); two types of side management: without side management, or with side management with glyphosate at 50 cm from canopy projection; two types of vertical management: no vertical management, or with vertical management at 5 cm above soil level. The additional treatment, the control, was done with the herbicide glyphosate (1.0 kg ha -1 of acid equivalent) in the whole plot (row). Perennial soybean, regardless of management, reduced the average number of nodes and coffee yield. Legume growth with no side management also affected coffee yield negatively, with greater interference during the high yield year. Forage peanut, with side management, did not affect the vegetative and yield characteristics of coffee.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coffea arabica, Adubação verde, Manejo
Citação
CUNHA, A. J.; MELO, B.; SANTOS, J. C. F. Interferência do cultivo intercalar de leguminosas perenes nas características vegetativas e produtivas do cafeeiro. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 9, n. 1, p. 24-33, jan./mar. 2014.