Variabilidade espacial do atributo físico diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG) de agregados em latossolo cultivado com café sob diferentes sistemas de manejo.
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2007
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Resumo
A adição de novas tecnologias empregadas na lavoura cafeeira, bem como o estudo da variabilidade espacial dos atributos físicos, são de extrema importância para a definição do manejo mais adequado a ser utilizado em áreas de plantio de café afim de preservar a qualidade ambiental do solo e altas produtividades. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a agregação do solo por meio do diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG) em diferentes locais e sistemas de manejo, bem como determinar o grau de dependência espacial desse atributo através da variabilidade espacial. A área da pesquisa localizou-se na Fazenda do Glória/ UFU- Uberlândia – MG. Foram demarcadas quatro malhas de 1120 m2 contendo em cada 60 pontos eqüidistantes de 3 x 4,5 georeferendados para amostragem do solo, em sistema de sequeiro e fertirrigado, com controle de plantas infestantes por herbicida e por grade niveladora. Foram retiradas 480 amostras de solo, alternando-se nas regiões: saia do cafeeiro, meio da rua e rodado do pneu (linha de tráfego de máquinas), nas profundidades de 0-20 cm e 20-40 cm para determinação dos valores do diâmetro médio geométrico conforme a metodologia da Embrapa (1997). As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 0,05 de significância, e para a variabilidade espacial usou-se a geoestatística com o programa GS+ for Windows. Verificou-se que a região rodado do pneu e o sistema controle de plantas daninhas com grade reduziram o DMG devido o intenso tráfego de máquinas e alterações na estrutura do solo. Quanto à variabilidade espacial o modelo que melhor se ajustou foi o Exponencial (EXP), o qual demonstrou haver dependência espacial entre os pontos amostrados.
The addition of new technologies used in the coffee farming, as well as the study of the spatial variability of the physical attributes, they are of extreme importance for the definition of the handling more adjusted to be used in areas of plantation of similar coffee to preserve the ambient quality of the ground and high productivity. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the aggregation of the ground by means of the geometric average diameter (GAD) in different places and systems of handling, as well as determining the degree of spatial dependence of this attribute through the spatial variability. The area of the research was situated in the Farm of the Glória UFU- Uberlândia - MG. It was demarcated four meshes of 1120 m2 contends in each 60 geo-regarded equidistant points of 3 x 4,5 for sampling of the ground, in system of dry land and fertirrigate, with control of infest plants by herbicide and by level grating. 480 ground samples had been removed, alternating itself in the regions: skirt of the coffee plant, half of the street and line of traffic of machines, in the depths: 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm for determination of values of geometric average diameter (GAD) according to Embrapa methodology (1997). The averages had been compared by the test of Tukey at 0,05 of significance, and for the spatial variability used geostatistics with program “GS+ for Windows”. It was verified that the line of traffic of machines region and the system control of infest plants with grating had reduced the GAD due the intense traffic of machines and alterations in the structure of the ground. About the spatial variability the model that better was adjusted was Exponential (EXP), which demonstrated to have spatial dependence between the showed points.
The addition of new technologies used in the coffee farming, as well as the study of the spatial variability of the physical attributes, they are of extreme importance for the definition of the handling more adjusted to be used in areas of plantation of similar coffee to preserve the ambient quality of the ground and high productivity. Therefore, the objective of this work was to study the aggregation of the ground by means of the geometric average diameter (GAD) in different places and systems of handling, as well as determining the degree of spatial dependence of this attribute through the spatial variability. The area of the research was situated in the Farm of the Glória UFU- Uberlândia - MG. It was demarcated four meshes of 1120 m2 contends in each 60 geo-regarded equidistant points of 3 x 4,5 for sampling of the ground, in system of dry land and fertirrigate, with control of infest plants by herbicide and by level grating. 480 ground samples had been removed, alternating itself in the regions: skirt of the coffee plant, half of the street and line of traffic of machines, in the depths: 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm for determination of values of geometric average diameter (GAD) according to Embrapa methodology (1997). The averages had been compared by the test of Tukey at 0,05 of significance, and for the spatial variability used geostatistics with program “GS+ for Windows”. It was verified that the line of traffic of machines region and the system control of infest plants with grating had reduced the GAD due the intense traffic of machines and alterations in the structure of the ground. About the spatial variability the model that better was adjusted was Exponential (EXP), which demonstrated to have spatial dependence between the showed points.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (5. : 2007 : Águas de Lindóia, SP). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2007.
Palavras-chave
sistemas de manejo, agregação, variabilidade espacial, cafeicultura., handling systems, aggregation, spatial variability, coffee crops.
Citação
Patrícia C. SILVA; Leomar P. LIMA; Ingrid M. BICALHO; Cilson C. FAGIANI; Elias N. BORGES. Variabilidade espacial do atributo físico diâmetro médio geométrico (DMG) de agregados em latossolo cultivado com café sob diferentes sistemas de manejo.In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (5. : Águas de Lindóia, SP : 2007). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2007. (1 CD-ROM), 4p