Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de cafeeiro
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2007
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Resumo
Com o objetivo de estudar períodos de exposição das sementes às condições do teste de envelhecimento acelerado para avaliação do vigor de sementes de cafeeiro, quatro lotes de sementes de Coffea arabica e um de sementes de C. canephora, com diferentes níveis de qualidade fisiológica inicial, foram submetidos a um ambiente com temperatura de 42ºC ± 0,2 e umidade relativa do ar de aproximadamente 100% por períodos de 0, 48, 72 e 96 horas. Efetuaram-se observações referentes ao grau de umidade, à germinação (primeira contagem e contagem final do teste de germinação) e ao vigor das sementes (envelhecimento acelerado e índice de velocidade de germinação). Foram comparados vinte tratamentos (cinco cultivares e quatro períodos de envelhecimento) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e compararam-se as médias dos tratamentos pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar que: a) O período de 48 horas de envelhecimento não foi suficiente para causar efeitos às sementes de cultivares de cafeeiro arábica, que fossem mensuráveis na primeira contagem da germinação realizada aos 15 dias após a semeadura; b) Os períodos de envelhecimento de 72 e 96 horas foram adequados para a determinação e discriminação do vigor das sementes de cafeeiro arábica; c) A exposição das sementes de cafeeiro arábica às condições do teste de envelhecimento acelerado antecipou a germinação, com efeito diferenciado em função da qualidade fisiológica inicial das sementes; d) O teste de envelhecimento acelerado permitiu uma boa estimativa do desempenho fisiológico das sementes de cafeeiro arábica, com distinção do vigor de cultivares que apresentavam inicialmente valores semelhantes de germinação; e) As sementes de cafeeiro robusta apresentaram-se mais sensíveis que as de cafeeiro arábica às condições do teste de envelhecimento acelerado.
With the objective of to study periods of coffee seeds exposition to the conditions of the accelerated aging test for evaluation of the vigor, four lots of seeds of Coffea arabica and a lot of seeds of C. canephora, with different levels of initial physiological quality, were submitted to an environment with temperature of 42 ± 0,2 ºC and relative humidity of the air of approximately 100% for periods of 0, 48, 72 and 96 hours. After these periods the seeds were placed to germinate at constant temperature of 30ºC in a completely randomized experimental design with four replications of 50 seeds without endocarp per cultivar, constituting twenty treatments (five coffee cultivars and four periods of aging). The seeds were tested for moisture content, germination (first and final count of the germination test) and vigor (germination in the accelerated aging test and index of germination speed). The data were submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages of treatments were compared by the test of Tukey at 5% of probability. The results obtained permitted to verify that: a) the period of 48 hours of aging was not sufficient for cause any effects to the arabic coffee seeds and to determine the coffee seeds vigor, that went measurable in the first count of the germination test carried out 15 days after sowing; b) the periods of aging of 72 and 96 hours were both adequate for the determination and discrimination of the vigor of the arabic coffee seeds; c) the arabic coffee seeds exposure to the accelerated aging test conditions providing anticipation in the seed germination, with differentiated effects in function of the initial physiological quality of the seeds; d) the accelerated aging test permitted a good estimate of the physiological performance of the arabic coffee seeds, with distinction of the seed vigor of cultivars that had presented initially similar values of germination; e) the robust coffee seeds presented more sensibility than arabic coffee seeds to the accelerated aging test conditions.
With the objective of to study periods of coffee seeds exposition to the conditions of the accelerated aging test for evaluation of the vigor, four lots of seeds of Coffea arabica and a lot of seeds of C. canephora, with different levels of initial physiological quality, were submitted to an environment with temperature of 42 ± 0,2 ºC and relative humidity of the air of approximately 100% for periods of 0, 48, 72 and 96 hours. After these periods the seeds were placed to germinate at constant temperature of 30ºC in a completely randomized experimental design with four replications of 50 seeds without endocarp per cultivar, constituting twenty treatments (five coffee cultivars and four periods of aging). The seeds were tested for moisture content, germination (first and final count of the germination test) and vigor (germination in the accelerated aging test and index of germination speed). The data were submitted to the analysis of variance and the averages of treatments were compared by the test of Tukey at 5% of probability. The results obtained permitted to verify that: a) the period of 48 hours of aging was not sufficient for cause any effects to the arabic coffee seeds and to determine the coffee seeds vigor, that went measurable in the first count of the germination test carried out 15 days after sowing; b) the periods of aging of 72 and 96 hours were both adequate for the determination and discrimination of the vigor of the arabic coffee seeds; c) the arabic coffee seeds exposure to the accelerated aging test conditions providing anticipation in the seed germination, with differentiated effects in function of the initial physiological quality of the seeds; d) the accelerated aging test permitted a good estimate of the physiological performance of the arabic coffee seeds, with distinction of the seed vigor of cultivars that had presented initially similar values of germination; e) the robust coffee seeds presented more sensibility than arabic coffee seeds to the accelerated aging test conditions.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (5. : 2007 : Águas de Lindóia, SP). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2007.
Palavras-chave
Café Sementes Envelhecimento acelerado Germinação Vigor, Coffee Seeds Accelerated aging Germination Vigor
Citação
Giomo, Gerson Silva; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Lombardi, Ana Paula Zimbardi; Cutolo Filho, Aniello Antônio; Palomino, Edwin Camacho; Lemos, Leandro Borges. Teste de envelhecimento acelerado em sementes de cafeeiro. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (5. : Águas de Lindóia, SP : 2007). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2007. (1 CD-ROM), 5p.