Potencial de resposta à adubação em lavouras cafeeiras (Coffea arabica L.) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
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Data
2005
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Resumo
Apesar de utilizado na identificação dos principais nutrientes limitantes em diversas lavouras, o DRIS tem algumas limitações de ordem prática, por não possibilitar a recomendação (quantidade) de adubação. Além disso, com a correção do(s) nutriente(s) mais limitante via adubação, novas relações são estabelecidas no solo e, conseqüentemente na planta, requerendo nova interpretação destas relações. Procurando minimizar esta questão, para melhor diagnosticar os problemas nutricionais via DRIS tem sido sugerido o cálculo do Potencial de Resposta a Adubação (PRA), baseado nos índices DRIS e no IBNm. Inicialmente foram estabelecidas as normas, baseadas em análises foliares realizadas em lavouras com produtividades iguais ou superiores a 30 sc ha-1 de café beneficiado, totalizando 73 lavouras de cafeeiro arábica, sendo oito na região Norte, 18 na Noroeste e 47 na Serrana. As normas DRIS foram estabelecidas em função dos teores foliares amostrados, obtendo-se posteriormente os índices DRIS e o IBNm e, baseados nestes índices, realizado o diagnóstico nutricional dos cafeeiros pela metodologia preconizada. Assim, foi possível distribuir o potencial de resposta a adubação em classes e, posteriormente, determinar-se as freqüências de lavouras em cada classe, indicando quais os nutrientes apresentaram maior porcentagem de lavouras com respostas do tipo positiva e/ou negativa. Nas lavouras de alta produtividade os principais desequilíbrios nutricionais foram devido tanto a macro quanto a micronutrientes (B, Cu e Mg por deficiência e B e Cu por excesso) e, nas de baixa produtividade estes desequilíbrios foram causados em maior escala pelos micronutrientes (B e Cu por deficiência e Mn e Cu por excesso).
Despite of being utilized in the identification of the most important limiting nutrients in several plantations, the DRIS has some limitations of practical order, since does not allow a recommendation for fertilizing. Moreover, with the correction of limiting nutrient by way of fertilizing, new relations are established in the soil, and consequently in the plant, requiring new interpretation of these relations. In order to minimizing this question, trying to improve the diagnosis of the nutritional problems by may of DRIS, the calculation of the Potential Response to Fertilizing (PRA), has been suggested, based on DRIS and IBNm indexes. At first the norms more established based on leave analysis with productivity equal or greater than 30 bags of 60 kg ha-1 of peeled coffee, in a total of 73 arabic plantations (8 in the Northern area, 18 in the Northwest area and 47 in the Mountains area). The DRIS norms were established considering leave nutrient content, of the samples, and following that the DRIS and IBNm indexes were obtained and based on these indexes the nutritional diagnosis of the coffee plantations by the methodology presently preconized. Thren, it was possible to distribute the response potential to fertilizing in classes and, later on, to determine the frequency of the plantation in each class, indicating which of the nutrients present in a greater percent of plantations with positive or/and negative response. In the plantations with high productivity the main nutritional unbalance were due to macro as well as micronutrients (B, Cu e Mg for deficiency and B and Cu for excess) and in the low productivity these unbalances were caused in a greater scale by micronutrients (B and Cu by deficiency and Mn and Cu by excess).
Despite of being utilized in the identification of the most important limiting nutrients in several plantations, the DRIS has some limitations of practical order, since does not allow a recommendation for fertilizing. Moreover, with the correction of limiting nutrient by way of fertilizing, new relations are established in the soil, and consequently in the plant, requiring new interpretation of these relations. In order to minimizing this question, trying to improve the diagnosis of the nutritional problems by may of DRIS, the calculation of the Potential Response to Fertilizing (PRA), has been suggested, based on DRIS and IBNm indexes. At first the norms more established based on leave analysis with productivity equal or greater than 30 bags of 60 kg ha-1 of peeled coffee, in a total of 73 arabic plantations (8 in the Northern area, 18 in the Northwest area and 47 in the Mountains area). The DRIS norms were established considering leave nutrient content, of the samples, and following that the DRIS and IBNm indexes were obtained and based on these indexes the nutritional diagnosis of the coffee plantations by the methodology presently preconized. Thren, it was possible to distribute the response potential to fertilizing in classes and, later on, to determine the frequency of the plantation in each class, indicating which of the nutrients present in a greater percent of plantations with positive or/and negative response. In the plantations with high productivity the main nutritional unbalance were due to macro as well as micronutrients (B, Cu e Mg for deficiency and B and Cu for excess) and in the low productivity these unbalances were caused in a greater scale by micronutrients (B and Cu by deficiency and Mn and Cu by excess).
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : 2005 : Londrina, PR). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2005.
Palavras-chave
Café DRIS Estado nutricional Adubação Rio de Janeiro Coffea arabica, Coffee DRIS Nutritional status Fertilizing Rio de Janeiro State Coffea arabica
Citação
Andrade, Wander Eustáquio de Bastos; Souza, Ronessa Bartolomeu de; Guimarães, Rubens José; Carvalho, Janice Guedes de; Moraes, Augusto Ramalho de. Potencial de resposta à adubação em lavouras cafeeiras (Coffea arabica L.) do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (4. : Londrina, PR : 2005). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2005. (1 CD-ROM), 4p.