Efeitos do café sobre a concentração sérica de hormônios incretínicos e peptídeo C: ensaio clínico cruzado randomizado com isótopos estáveis
Data
2018
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Editor
Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde - Universidade de Brasília
Resumo
O café é uma das bebidas mais consumidas no mundo e há grande interesse sobre seus efeitos sobre a saúde. Dados de estudos epidemiológicos prospectivos e de metanálises indicam que o consumo regular de café, em longo prazo, está associado à redução de risco de diversas condições clínicas, entre elas o diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Neste contexto, parece haver contribuição dos hormônios gastrointestinais incretínicos, como o peptídeo semelhante ao glucagon 1 (GLP-1) e o polipeptídeo inibitório gástrico ou polipeptídeo insulinotrópico dependente da glicose (GIP). Objetivo: O presente estudo investigou, em homens jovens e saudáveis, o efeito do consumo de café com e sem açúcar e do café descafeinado, em condições basais, pós sobrecarga oral de glicose e durante o teste de estimulação intravenosa com glicose marcada (Oral Dose Intravenous Label Experiment, ODILE), sobre a concentração sérica de GLP-1, GIP e peptídeo C. Métodos: Foi conduzido um ensaio clínico randomizado, cruzado, monocego (pesquisadores) em que 17 voluntários saudáveis e consumidores habituais de café participaram de cinco intervenções: ingestão de café cafeinado com açúcar (CS), café cafeinado sem açúcar (CC), café descafeinado (DC), e 2 controles - água com açúcar (WS) e água sem açúcar (W). A avaliação foi feita em dois cenários: em condição basal (após administração da bebida teste e antes da administração da sobrecarga oral de glicose) e pós sobrecarga oral de glicose. Além disso, foi utilizado um procedimento misto (PROC MIXED) para comparar os efeitos das bebidas teste sobre as variáveis estudadas, sendo adotado, neste modelo, o sujeito como efeito aleatório e o tempo como medida repetida. Resultados: Em condições basais, o CS aumentou, o CC e o DC não modificaram a concentração sérica de GLP-1 em relação aos seus respectivos controles. O CS, o CC e o DC não modificaram a concentração sérica de GLP-1 em resposta à sobrecarga oral de glicose. Em condições basais, o CS reduziu, o CC e o DC não modificaram a concentração sérica de GIP em relação aos seus respectivos controles. O CS aumentou, o CC e o DC não modificaram a concentração sérica de GIP em resposta à sobrecarga oral de glicose. Em condições basais, o CS reduziu, o CC e o DC não modificaram a concentração sérica de peptídeo C em relação aos seus respectivos controles. O CS aumentou, o CC e o DC não modificaram a concentração sérica de peptídeo C em resposta à sobrecarga oral de glicose, quando comparado com os respectivos controles. Entretanto, o DC promoveu menor concentração sérica de peptídeo C quando comparado ao CC. A análise dos dados com o procedimento de modelo misto com o sujeito como efeito aleatório e o tempo como medida repetida para comparar os efeitos das bebidas não mostrou modificações significativas na concentração sérica de GLP-1, GIP ou peptídeo C em resposta às bebidas testadas, quando comparadas aos seus controles. Conclusão: O efeito discreto do café sobre a secreção de GLP-1 e GIP sugere que os benefícios do consumo da bebida sobre a homeostase da glicose não tenham contribuição significativa de modificações da liberação de hormônios incretínicos. Além disso, o efeito do café descafeinado, embora discreto, de reduzir a concentração sérica de peptídeo C em resposta a sobrecarga oral de glicose, quando comparado ao café cafeinado, indica que essa preparação de café possa melhorar a sensibilidade à insulina, em consistência com dados de estudos prévios.
Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and there is great interest in understanding its effects on health. Data from prospective epidemiological studies and meta-analyzes indicate that long-term regular coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of various clinical conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Although the mechanisms underlying this are not completely understood, incretin gastrointestinal hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide or glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), may play a role. Objective: The present study investigated the effect of coffee with and without sugar and decaffeinated coffee, in both basal conditions and during the insulin sensitivity test assessed by stable isotopes with oral glucose administration (ODILE), on the serum levels of GLP-1, GIP and C-peptide. Methods: A randomized, crossover, single-blind clinical trial (researchers) was conducted in which 17 healthy volunteers who were habitual coffee consumers participated in five interventions: ingestion of caffeinated coffee with sugar (CS), caffeinated coffee without sugar (CC), decaffeinated coffee (DC), and 2 controls - water with sugar (WS) and water without sugar (W). The evaluation was performed in two scenarios: baseline (after administration of the test drink and before administration of oral glucose overload) and oral glucose overload. In addition, a mixed procedure (PROC MIXED) was used to compare the effects of the test beverages on the studied variables. In this model, the subject was adopted as a random effect and time as a repeated measure. Results: At baseline, CS increased, CC and DC did not change the serum levels of GLP-1 when compared with its respective controls. CS, CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of GLP-1 in response to oral glucose overload. In basal conditions, CS reduced, CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of GIP when compared with its respective controls. CS increased, and CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of GIP in response to oral glucose overload. At baseline, CS reduced, CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of C-peptide when compared with its respective controls. CS increased, CC and DC did not change the serum C-peptide levels in response to oral glucose overload when compared to their controls. However, DC promoted a lower serum C-peptide concentration when compared to CC. Data analysis using the PROC MIXED model did not indicate significant changes in GLP-1, GIP or C- peptide levels in response to any of the beverages testes. Conclusion: The slight effect of coffee on GLP-1 and GIP serum levels suggests that the benefits of this beverage consumption on glucose homeostasis do not have a significant contribution of modifications of incretin hormones release. In addition, the effect of decaffeinated coffee to reduce serum C-peptide concentration in response to oral glucose overload, when compared to caffeinated coffee, indicates that this coffee preparation may improve insulin sensitivity, consistent with data from previous studies.
Coffee is one of the most consumed beverages worldwide and there is great interest in understanding its effects on health. Data from prospective epidemiological studies and meta-analyzes indicate that long-term regular coffee consumption is associated with reduced risk of various clinical conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Although the mechanisms underlying this are not completely understood, incretin gastrointestinal hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and gastric inhibitory polypeptide or glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), may play a role. Objective: The present study investigated the effect of coffee with and without sugar and decaffeinated coffee, in both basal conditions and during the insulin sensitivity test assessed by stable isotopes with oral glucose administration (ODILE), on the serum levels of GLP-1, GIP and C-peptide. Methods: A randomized, crossover, single-blind clinical trial (researchers) was conducted in which 17 healthy volunteers who were habitual coffee consumers participated in five interventions: ingestion of caffeinated coffee with sugar (CS), caffeinated coffee without sugar (CC), decaffeinated coffee (DC), and 2 controls - water with sugar (WS) and water without sugar (W). The evaluation was performed in two scenarios: baseline (after administration of the test drink and before administration of oral glucose overload) and oral glucose overload. In addition, a mixed procedure (PROC MIXED) was used to compare the effects of the test beverages on the studied variables. In this model, the subject was adopted as a random effect and time as a repeated measure. Results: At baseline, CS increased, CC and DC did not change the serum levels of GLP-1 when compared with its respective controls. CS, CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of GLP-1 in response to oral glucose overload. In basal conditions, CS reduced, CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of GIP when compared with its respective controls. CS increased, and CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of GIP in response to oral glucose overload. At baseline, CS reduced, CC and DC did not modify the serum levels of C-peptide when compared with its respective controls. CS increased, CC and DC did not change the serum C-peptide levels in response to oral glucose overload when compared to their controls. However, DC promoted a lower serum C-peptide concentration when compared to CC. Data analysis using the PROC MIXED model did not indicate significant changes in GLP-1, GIP or C- peptide levels in response to any of the beverages testes. Conclusion: The slight effect of coffee on GLP-1 and GIP serum levels suggests that the benefits of this beverage consumption on glucose homeostasis do not have a significant contribution of modifications of incretin hormones release. In addition, the effect of decaffeinated coffee to reduce serum C-peptide concentration in response to oral glucose overload, when compared to caffeinated coffee, indicates that this coffee preparation may improve insulin sensitivity, consistent with data from previous studies.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde - Universidade de Brasília.
Palavras-chave
Café cafeinado e Café descafeinado, Incretínicos, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Citação
PAIVA, C. L. R. S. Efeitos do café sobre a concentração sérica de hormônios incretínicos e peptídeo C: ensaio clínico cruzado randomizado com isótopos estáveis. 2018. 129 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciências da Saúde) - Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília. 2018.