LIXIVIAÇÃO E CONCENTRAÇÃO DE POTÁSSIO NA SOLUÇÃO DO SOLO SOB DIFERENTES DOSES E PARCELAMENTOS DA ADUBAÇÃO DE CAFEEIROS
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Data
2009
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O uso de doses e parcelamentos diferenciados de adubação via fertirrigação podem alterar o aproveitamento de nutrientes e a concentração dos mesmos na solução do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a concentração de potássio (K) na solução do solo, bem como a lixiviação deste nutriente em uma área cultivada com cafeeiros (cultivar Catiguá) fertirrigados sob diferentes doses e parcelamentos de nitrogênio e potássio. O experimento foi implantado em área da Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras - MG, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, esquema de parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram combinações de cinco doses de N e K 2 O ((i) 70, 100, 130 e 190% da recomendação para sequeiro) e dois parcelamentos destas doses aplicadas via fertirrigação ((i) quatro (nov.- fev.) e (ii) doze parcelamentos por ano) além de uma testemunha não irrigada recebendo 100% da dose recomendada, através de quatro aplicações manuais efetuadas na época chuvosa. Semanalmente, no período compreendido entre agosto de 2008 e março de 2009, amostras de solução de solo foram retiradas utilizando-se lisímetros de sucção instalados nas profundidades de 50 e 90 cm. A Lixiviação de potássio foi estimada com base nos valores amostrados de concentração de potássio na solução do solo e no fluxo de drenagem da solução de solo estimada por meio de tensiômetros instalados nas profundidades de 40, 50, 80; e 100 cm. Os resultados indicaram que somente na profundidade de 50 cm dos tratamentos recebendo doze aplicações houve aumento nas perdas em função do aumento na dosagem. As perdas por lixiviação observadas nos tratamentos recebendo12 aplicações equivalem a menos da metade das perdas com observadas nos tratamentos recebendo quatro aplicações.
The use of different doses and splitings of fertigation application may change nutrient absortion efficiency and its soil solution concentration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potassium (K) soil solution concentration, as well as the leaching of this nutrient in areas cultivated with coffee (cv Catiguá ) that were fertigated with different doses and splitings of nitrogen and potassium fertilization. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area of the Universidade Federal de Lavras, at Lavras, MG. An experimental design with randomized blocks split-plots and four replications was used. Treatments were combinations among five doses of N e K 2 O fertilization ((i) 70%, (ii) 100%, (iii) 130%, (iv)160%, and (v) 190% of the recommended amount for non-irrigated coffee) and two application splitting managements ((i) four and (ii) twelve applications), and a non-irrigated control treatment receiving 100% of the recommended amount through four applications during the rainy season. Every week, during the period from July-2008 up to March-2009, soil solution samples were collected using suction lysimeters installed at 50 and 90 cm depths. Potassium leaching was estimated based on measured K soil solution concentration and soil solution drainage flow values monitored by tensiômeters installed at the depths of 40; 60; 80 and 100 cm. Results indicated that only at the depth of 50cm of the treatments receiving twelve applications it was possible to observe an increase on leaching losses as the application dose was increased. Leaching loses estimated at the treatments receiving twelve applications were less than half of those observed at treatments receiving four applications.
The use of different doses and splitings of fertigation application may change nutrient absortion efficiency and its soil solution concentration. The purpose of this study was to evaluate potassium (K) soil solution concentration, as well as the leaching of this nutrient in areas cultivated with coffee (cv Catiguá ) that were fertigated with different doses and splitings of nitrogen and potassium fertilization. The experiment was carried out in an experimental area of the Universidade Federal de Lavras, at Lavras, MG. An experimental design with randomized blocks split-plots and four replications was used. Treatments were combinations among five doses of N e K 2 O fertilization ((i) 70%, (ii) 100%, (iii) 130%, (iv)160%, and (v) 190% of the recommended amount for non-irrigated coffee) and two application splitting managements ((i) four and (ii) twelve applications), and a non-irrigated control treatment receiving 100% of the recommended amount through four applications during the rainy season. Every week, during the period from July-2008 up to March-2009, soil solution samples were collected using suction lysimeters installed at 50 and 90 cm depths. Potassium leaching was estimated based on measured K soil solution concentration and soil solution drainage flow values monitored by tensiômeters installed at the depths of 40; 60; 80 and 100 cm. Results indicated that only at the depth of 50cm of the treatments receiving twelve applications it was possible to observe an increase on leaching losses as the application dose was increased. Leaching loses estimated at the treatments receiving twelve applications were less than half of those observed at treatments receiving four applications.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
fertirrigação, lixiviação, percolação., fertirrigation, leaching, percolation.
Citação
Oliveira, Henrique F. E. de; Fidelis, Iraci; Colombo, Alberto; Guimarães, Rubens J.; Scalco, Myriane S. Lixiviação e concentração de potássio na solução do solo sob diferentes doses e parcelamentos da adubação de cafeeiros. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 6p.