Microsporogênese de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner com número duplicado de cromossomos
Data
1990-07
Autores
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Editor
Instituto Agronômico (IAC)
Resumo
Realizou-se o estudo do comportamento meiótico de C. canephora tetraplóide com 2n =44 cromossomos por tratar-se de uma espécie considerada possível ancestral de C. arabica (2n = 44): constatou-se, em 92,0% das células-mães de pólen, em todas as fases da microsporogênese estudada, 2n = 44 cromossomos. Em diacinese os cromossomos se apresentaram na forma de mono-, bi-, tri- e tetravalentes. Em metáfase 1, somente 13,16% das células apresentaram 22II sendo a seguinte a fórmula média do pareamento: 3,61I; 15,21II 0,71III e 1,93IV. As irregularidades anafásicas resumiram-se praticamente na disjunção desigual dos cromossomos para os pólos de 21-23, 20-24 e 19-25. Somente 37,65% das células apresentaram segregação normal de 22 cromossomos para cada pólo. Em anáfase II, observaram-se sete tipos diferentes de distribuição cromatídica e, também, somente em 26,0% das células foi encontrada distribuição normal dos cromossomos. Após a citocinese, foram observadas tríades (1,6%), tétrades (77,0%) e políades (21,4%). A inviabilidade dos grãos de pólen foi alta, 79,0%. Observações em cortes transversais medianos de frutos mostraram 43,4% do tipo normal, sendo 11,0% do tipo moca e 32,4% do chato. Em 56,6% dos frutos, não houve desenvolvimento de sementes, formando-se apenas perisperma.
Cytological investigations in a tetraploid plant of Coffea canephora with 2n =44 chromosomes were performed, In every meiosis phase studied, 92.0% of lhe pollen mother cells were found as 2n =44 chromosomes. In dia kinesis, lhe chromosomes were found as univalents, bivalents, trivalents and quadrivalents-At first metaphase, only 13.16% were 22II The average chromosomic associations were 3.61I, 15.21II, 0.71III, and 1.93IV- Irregular chromosomic distribution to the poles included 21-23, 20-24 and 19-25, while only 37.65% of the cells exhibited normal segregations of 22 chromosomes to each pole at first anaphase. At second anaphase, seven different types of chromatic distribution were found and only 26.0% of the cells showed regular segregation to the poles. After cytokinesis, triads (1.6%), tetrads (77.0%) and polyads (21.4%) were observed. Pollen viability was 21.0%. Observations made on transversal slices of the fruits showed 43.4% normal, 11.0% being of the "peaberry" type and 32.4% of the "flat" normal ones. Fruits without normal seed development were found in a percentage of 56.6, resulting in empty fruit locus.
Cytological investigations in a tetraploid plant of Coffea canephora with 2n =44 chromosomes were performed, In every meiosis phase studied, 92.0% of lhe pollen mother cells were found as 2n =44 chromosomes. In dia kinesis, lhe chromosomes were found as univalents, bivalents, trivalents and quadrivalents-At first metaphase, only 13.16% were 22II The average chromosomic associations were 3.61I, 15.21II, 0.71III, and 1.93IV- Irregular chromosomic distribution to the poles included 21-23, 20-24 and 19-25, while only 37.65% of the cells exhibited normal segregations of 22 chromosomes to each pole at first anaphase. At second anaphase, seven different types of chromatic distribution were found and only 26.0% of the cells showed regular segregation to the poles. After cytokinesis, triads (1.6%), tetrads (77.0%) and polyads (21.4%) were observed. Pollen viability was 21.0%. Observations made on transversal slices of the fruits showed 43.4% normal, 11.0% being of the "peaberry" type and 32.4% of the "flat" normal ones. Fruits without normal seed development were found in a percentage of 56.6, resulting in empty fruit locus.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora tetraplóide, Microsporogênese
Citação
BOAVENTURA, Y. M. S. Microsporogênese de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner com número duplicado de cromossomos. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 49, n. 2, p. 193-204, Jul./Dez. 1990.