Nutrição mineral e crescimento de mudas de cafeeiro sob influência de Gigaspora margarita (Becker & Hall), matéria orgânica e fósforo
Arquivos
Data
1988
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Os benefícios das micorrizas para a nutrição mineral das mudas de cafeeiro tem sido amplamente estudados. Entretanto não
existem na literatura trabalhos sobre marcha de absorção de nutrientes por mudas, na presença de MVA. Desta forma o presente
trabalho foi conduzido na casa de vegetação do DCS/ESAL, com o objetivo de se verificar o efeito de micorrizas na velocidade de absorção de nutrientes e crescimento da muda de cafeeiro, em substrato com ou sem matéria orgânica, com a plicação de duas doses de fósforo no substrato. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial de 2 (ausência e presença de matéria orgânica) x 2 (ausência ou presença de inoculação) x 5 (épocas de análises), com 4 repetiçõee, em 2 doses de fósforo, totalizando 160 parcelas. Foi verificado que o crescimento das mudas apresentou relação linear com o tempo e foi beneficiado pela inoculação e pela matéria orgânica. Mudas inoculadas, desenvolvidas em substrato
com matéria orgânica e na maior dose de fósforo apresentaram maior altura, número de folhas e peso seco. A taxa de colonização micorrízica aumentou até aproximadamente 105 dias, decrescendo posteriormente. Esta taxa foi mais baixa na presença de matéria orgânica e na maior dose de P, conservando contudo efeito benéfico sobre o crescimento das mudas.
A utilização da matéria orgânica determinou maiores teores de P,K,B,Mn e Zn e menores teores de N,Ca,Mg,S e Cu em função
de interação entre nutrientes, efeito de diluição ou complexação pela matéria orgânica. A inoculação das mudas com Giqaspora margarita favoreceu a elevação nos teores de P,S,Cu e Zn. A maior quantidade dos demais nutrientes em mudas inoculadas foi consequência do maior crescimento das mesmas. Mudas inoculadas apresentaram menores teores de Mn na parte aérea e maiores no sistema radicular, constituindo num mecanismo de controle da toxidez de Mn e benefício adicional das MVAs. A ordem decrescente de extração de nutrientes pela muda de cafeeiro foi a seguinte: K > N> Mg >ca > P >S
Mn > B > Zn > Cu
Mycorrhizae benefits upon mineral nutrition of coffee seedlings have been widely studied. Although the nutrients uptake going in the presence of VAM has not been reported in the literature. This work was carried out in a greenhouse at the Soil Science Department of Escola Superior de Agricultura de Lavras with the objective of studying the mycorrhizae effect upon the nutrients uptake speed and the coffee seedlings in a soil which was given two P dosages with or without organic matter. A randomized block design in a factorial scheme of 2 (in the absence or presence of organic matter) x 2 (in the presence or absence of inoculation) x 5 (analysis time) with 4 replications in 2 P dosages was used. Coffee seedlings growth was found to be linearly related to the time and benefited by inoculation and organic matter. Those coffee seedlings grown under higher P fertility conditions, organic matter and given inoculated were found to be taller, to have more leaves and higher dry weight. VAM colonization rate increased for nearly 105 days and decreased later. Although it was good for the seedlings growth such a rate was lower in the presence of organic matter and under P fertility conditions at the highest level. Organic matter uptake determined higher concentrations of P, K, B, Mn and Zn and lower concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, S and Cu according to the interaction among nutrients, dilution effect or complexation by organic matter. By inoculating seedlings with Gigaspora margarita P, S, Cu and Zn concentrations increased. The higher amount of the other nutrients in the inoculated seedlings was consequent of the higher growth of these seedlings. Mn concentration was lower in the aereal part of inoculated seedlings and higher in the root system, what turned out to be a Mn toxicity control mechanism as well as na additional benefit from VAMs. The decreasing order of the nutrients uptake by the coffee seedlings was: K >N >Mg >CA > P > S M > B > Zn >Cu
Mycorrhizae benefits upon mineral nutrition of coffee seedlings have been widely studied. Although the nutrients uptake going in the presence of VAM has not been reported in the literature. This work was carried out in a greenhouse at the Soil Science Department of Escola Superior de Agricultura de Lavras with the objective of studying the mycorrhizae effect upon the nutrients uptake speed and the coffee seedlings in a soil which was given two P dosages with or without organic matter. A randomized block design in a factorial scheme of 2 (in the absence or presence of organic matter) x 2 (in the presence or absence of inoculation) x 5 (analysis time) with 4 replications in 2 P dosages was used. Coffee seedlings growth was found to be linearly related to the time and benefited by inoculation and organic matter. Those coffee seedlings grown under higher P fertility conditions, organic matter and given inoculated were found to be taller, to have more leaves and higher dry weight. VAM colonization rate increased for nearly 105 days and decreased later. Although it was good for the seedlings growth such a rate was lower in the presence of organic matter and under P fertility conditions at the highest level. Organic matter uptake determined higher concentrations of P, K, B, Mn and Zn and lower concentrations of N, Ca, Mg, S and Cu according to the interaction among nutrients, dilution effect or complexation by organic matter. By inoculating seedlings with Gigaspora margarita P, S, Cu and Zn concentrations increased. The higher amount of the other nutrients in the inoculated seedlings was consequent of the higher growth of these seedlings. Mn concentration was lower in the aereal part of inoculated seedlings and higher in the root system, what turned out to be a Mn toxicity control mechanism as well as na additional benefit from VAMs. The decreasing order of the nutrients uptake by the coffee seedlings was: K >N >Mg >CA > P > S M > B > Zn >Cu
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Café Mudas Adubos e fertilizantes Crescimento Micorriza vesiculo-arbuscular, Coffee seedlings Mineral nutrition Growth Vesicular-arbuscular-mycorrhyza
Citação
Clemente, Cláudia Márcia. Nutrição mineral e crescimento de mudas de cafeeiro sob influência de Gigaspora margarita (Becker & Hall), matéria orgânica e fósforo. Lavras : ESAL, 1988. 145p. : il. (Dissertação -mestrado em Agronomia, área de concentração: Solos e Nutrição de Plantas) Orientador: Janice Guedes de Carvalho T 633.7335 C626n 1988