Efeito das variáveis ambientais na produção de café em um sistema agroflorestal
Data
2014-04
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Editora UFLA
Resumo
O sistema agroflorestal (SAF) surgiu como uma alternativa para o agricultor, possibilitando possíveis melhorias na produtividade, nas interações ecológicas e na qualidade ambiental, tendo em vista o controle aos efeitos da chuva de granizo, geadas, ventos frios etc. Objetivou-se, neste estudo,verificar a interferência de diferentes níveis de sombreamento sobre os parâmetros de fitomassa e biomassa microbiana e correlacioná-los à produção de grãos, verificando a atenuação da radiação fotossintética ativa – PAR, conforme as medições realizadas acima e abaixo do dossel, e compará-las ao sombreamento causado pelas araucárias através do tratamento de fotografias. O estudo foi realizado em uma plantação consorciada de café e araucária com três níveis distintos de sobreamento: café em sombreamento intenso - CSI, café em sombreamento médio - CSM e café sem sombreamento - CSS. A análise do tratamento das fotografias revelou que há uma relação direta entre a redução da radiação fotossintética ativa e a área de café sombreada sob as araucárias. Em relação à fitomassa, observou-se que a maior quantidade ocorreu no CSI, não diferindo estatisticamente do CSM. Já para a biomassa microbiana, o valor mais alto foi encontrado no CSS, que não alterou estatisticamente do CSM. A gleba CSM apresentou-se como a mais adequada para o cultivo do café, em termos de radiação disponível.
The agroforestry systems come up as an alternative for the farmer, by improving productivity, ecological interactions, and environmental quality, in order to control the effects of hail, frost, cold winds etc. In such context, the aim of this study was to check the interference of different levels of shade on the phytomass and microbial biomass parameters and correlate it to the grain production; besides checking the lessening of the Photosynthecally Active Radiation (PAR), by means of measurements carried out above and below the canopy, and compare it to the shade caused by the araucarias as inferred by means of photograph treatment. The study was conducted at a coffee plantation intercropped with araucarias with three different shade levels: Coffee in intense shade (CIS), coffee in regular shade (CRS), and coffee without shade (CWS). Photograph treatment study analysis showed that there was a straight correlation between the lessening of the PAR and the shaded area under the araucarias. In relation to the phytomass, it was observed that the largest quantity occurred in the CIS, which did not differ statistically from the CRS. For the microbial biomass, the highest value was found in the CWS, which did not differ statistically from the CRS. The CRS structure is presented as the most suitable for the cultivation of coffee in terms of available radiation.
The agroforestry systems come up as an alternative for the farmer, by improving productivity, ecological interactions, and environmental quality, in order to control the effects of hail, frost, cold winds etc. In such context, the aim of this study was to check the interference of different levels of shade on the phytomass and microbial biomass parameters and correlate it to the grain production; besides checking the lessening of the Photosynthecally Active Radiation (PAR), by means of measurements carried out above and below the canopy, and compare it to the shade caused by the araucarias as inferred by means of photograph treatment. The study was conducted at a coffee plantation intercropped with araucarias with three different shade levels: Coffee in intense shade (CIS), coffee in regular shade (CRS), and coffee without shade (CWS). Photograph treatment study analysis showed that there was a straight correlation between the lessening of the PAR and the shaded area under the araucarias. In relation to the phytomass, it was observed that the largest quantity occurred in the CIS, which did not differ statistically from the CRS. For the microbial biomass, the highest value was found in the CWS, which did not differ statistically from the CRS. The CRS structure is presented as the most suitable for the cultivation of coffee in terms of available radiation.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Fitomassa, Biomassa microbiana, Radiação, Sombreamento
Citação
PINTO NETO, J. N. et al. Efeito das variáveis ambientais na produção de café em um sistema agroflorestal. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 9, n. 2, p. 187-195, abr./jun. 2014.