ATIVIDADE DE ENDO- β- MANANASE EM SEMENTES DE CAFÉ COLHIDAS EM DIFERENTES ESTÁDIOS FENOLÓGICOS
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2011
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Resumo
Sementes de café apresentam germinação lenta e desuniforme, dificultando consideravelmente a formação das mudas. Nestas sementes a germinação é limitada pelo endosperma, e para que ocorra a emergência da radícula, o amolecimento do endosperma é desempenhado por várias enzimas, principalmente, a endo-β-mananase. O presente trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar a atividade da enzima endo-β-mannase em sementes de café (Coffea arabica L.) colhidas em diferentes estádios fenológicos e submetidas à secagem. As sementes foram avaliadas nos estádios de desenvolvimento verde, verde cana, cereja, passa e seco, após três tratamentos de secagem: sem secagem, sementes avaliadas imediatamente após a colheita e antes que os frutos perdessem água; secagem convencional, em que os frutos foram colocados em camada única dentro de bandejas plásticas e deixados em ambiente de laboratório, até que atingissem a umidade desejada; secagem em ambiente controlado, realizada em estufa de circulação forçada de ar, regulada à temperatura constante de 35oC. Realizou-se a eletroforese da enzima endo-β-mananase em gel de agarose. Concluiu-se que Há diferenças na atividade da enzima endo-β-mananase em sementes colhidas nos diferentes estádios fenológicos; a secagem não afeta a atividade da enzima endo-β-mananase em sementes colhidas nos estádios verde, verde cana e cereja; e ocorre maior atividade da enzima endo-β-mananase em sementes colhidas no estádio seco e submetidas à secagem lenta, convencional.
Coffee seeds have slow and uneven germination, which difficult the seedlings establishment. The germination of this seeds is limited by endosperm and for radicle emergence, it is necessary the weakening of the endosperm, which is done mainly by the endo-β-mananase enzyme. In this work, the objective was to evaluate the activity of endo-β- mannase in coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.) harvested at different phenological stages and submitted to different methods of drying. The seeds were evaluated in the stages of development green, green-cane, cherry, overripe and dried fruit, after three drying methods: without drying, seeds evaluated immediately after harvest; conventional drying, in which the fruits were placed in single layer at room temperature until they reached the desired moisture; and, in an incubator with forced air, under constant temperature of 35 o C. The electrophoresis of endo-β-mannase enzyme was performed in agarose gel. It was observed that, there are differences in the activity of endo-β-mannanase in seeds harvested at different phenological stages; the drying does not affect the endo-β-mannase activity of green, green-cane and cherry fruits; and the highest activity of endo-β-mannase occurs in dry seeds and submitted to conventional drying.
Coffee seeds have slow and uneven germination, which difficult the seedlings establishment. The germination of this seeds is limited by endosperm and for radicle emergence, it is necessary the weakening of the endosperm, which is done mainly by the endo-β-mananase enzyme. In this work, the objective was to evaluate the activity of endo-β- mannase in coffee seeds (Coffea arabica L.) harvested at different phenological stages and submitted to different methods of drying. The seeds were evaluated in the stages of development green, green-cane, cherry, overripe and dried fruit, after three drying methods: without drying, seeds evaluated immediately after harvest; conventional drying, in which the fruits were placed in single layer at room temperature until they reached the desired moisture; and, in an incubator with forced air, under constant temperature of 35 o C. The electrophoresis of endo-β-mannase enzyme was performed in agarose gel. It was observed that, there are differences in the activity of endo-β-mannanase in seeds harvested at different phenological stages; the drying does not affect the endo-β-mannase activity of green, green-cane and cherry fruits; and the highest activity of endo-β-mannase occurs in dry seeds and submitted to conventional drying.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Coffea arabica L., germinação, qualidade fisiológica., Coffea arabica L., germination, physiological quality.
Citação
Santos, Flávia Carvalho; Rosa, Stella Dellyzete Veiga Franco da; Pinto, Édila Rezende Vilela Von; Pereira, Débora de Matos; Nascimento, Vivian Elias do; Silva, Wilder de Souza. Atividade de Endo-β-mananase em sementes de café colhidas em diferentes estádios fenológicos. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (7. : 2011 : Araxá, MG). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 5p.