ASPECTOS ECONÔMICO-FINANCEIROS DA PRODUÇÃO DE CAFÉ CONVENCIONAL E CAFÉ ESPECIAL
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Data
2009
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Resumo
O café desempenha um papel de extrema importância no cenário econômico, político, social e ambiental do país, sendo responsável diretamente por um alto percentual dos investimentos no setor agrícola. O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial, com produção média de 28 milhões de sacas anuais nos últimos dez anos. Cerca de 10% do comércio mundial de café é formado pelos cafés especiais. Café especial é todo café que possui algum tipo de diferenciação, destacando-se no mercado e deixando a característica de commodity. Estima-se que o Brasil exporte de 300 mil a 500 mil sacas/ano de cafés especiais. Vários autores demonstraram as vantagens de produzir-se café especial, como também evidenciaram quais os investimentos necessários para obter este produto. Porém, os produtores, geralmente, não sabem precisamente, se estes investimentos oferecem o retorno desejado sobre o aspecto financeiro, pois a produção de café convencional oferece custos totais menores, investimentos menores, e também, sabe-se que somente uma parcela da produção do café consegue obter classificação como sendo café especial. Assim, este trabalho procura investigar se a produção de café especial oferece retornos financeiros atrativos aos produtores, ao comparar-se com a produção de café convencional, onde esta produção de convencional segue um esquema mais facilitado e o produtor desembolsa menos capital, alcançando suas receitas em virtude do preço de mercado, e sabendo-se que, a produção de café especial exige investimentos maiores, exige adequação à normas, investimentos em mão-de-obra qualificada, investimentos em processos de produção e gestão e etc., este estudo procurou evidenciar se com todos estes investimentos, o produtor consegue obter resultado financeiro positivo no momento que comercializa a sua produção. Desse modo, analisaram-se quatro empresas produtoras de café, sendo duas produtoras de café convencional e duas de especial, sendo uma grande empresa e uma pequena empresa de cada grupo, estudando seus fluxos de caixas e, comparando-se entre estas, qual o sistema de produção de café que oferece melhores vantagens sobre o aspecto econômico–financeiro. Assim, o trabalho pode demonstrar, também, se é vantajoso para os pequenos produtores, investir na produção de café especial ou continuar a produção do café convencional.
Coffee plays a very important stage in the economic, political, social and environmental scenario of the country, being directly responsible for a high percentage of investments in the agricultural sector. Brazil is the world's largest producer, with average production of 28 million bags annually over the past ten years. About 10% of world trade in coffee is made with special coffee. Special coffee is the one with some kind of differentiation, especially in the market and without commodity feature. It is estimated that Brazil exports from 300 thousand to 500 thousand bags a year of special coffee. Several authors have demonstrated the benefits to produce special coffee, and also showed the required investments to get this product. However, producers usually do not know precisely, if these investments offer the desired return for the financial aspect, because the production of conventional coffee offers lower final costs, lower investment, and also, it is known that only part of production coffee achieve classification as special coffee. So, this presentation try to investigate if the production of special coffee offers attractive financial returns to producers, to compare with the production of conventional coffee, since the production of conventional coffee is easier, with less capital, reaches its incomes due to the market price. It is known that the production of special coffee requires major investments, to follow the standards, investments in qualified people, in production processes, in management, etc. So, this work showed if with all these investments, the producer can achieve positive financial results at the moment to sell its production. So, it was analyzed four coffee producers, two conventional coffee producers and two special coffee producers, one large company and one small business from each group. It was studied their cash flows, and compared which the coffee production system that offers better advantages over the economic and financial aspect. Thus, the work can demonstrate, as well, if it is advantageous for small producers, to invest in the production of special coffee or keep the production of conventional coffee.
Coffee plays a very important stage in the economic, political, social and environmental scenario of the country, being directly responsible for a high percentage of investments in the agricultural sector. Brazil is the world's largest producer, with average production of 28 million bags annually over the past ten years. About 10% of world trade in coffee is made with special coffee. Special coffee is the one with some kind of differentiation, especially in the market and without commodity feature. It is estimated that Brazil exports from 300 thousand to 500 thousand bags a year of special coffee. Several authors have demonstrated the benefits to produce special coffee, and also showed the required investments to get this product. However, producers usually do not know precisely, if these investments offer the desired return for the financial aspect, because the production of conventional coffee offers lower final costs, lower investment, and also, it is known that only part of production coffee achieve classification as special coffee. So, this presentation try to investigate if the production of special coffee offers attractive financial returns to producers, to compare with the production of conventional coffee, since the production of conventional coffee is easier, with less capital, reaches its incomes due to the market price. It is known that the production of special coffee requires major investments, to follow the standards, investments in qualified people, in production processes, in management, etc. So, this work showed if with all these investments, the producer can achieve positive financial results at the moment to sell its production. So, it was analyzed four coffee producers, two conventional coffee producers and two special coffee producers, one large company and one small business from each group. It was studied their cash flows, and compared which the coffee production system that offers better advantages over the economic and financial aspect. Thus, the work can demonstrate, as well, if it is advantageous for small producers, to invest in the production of special coffee or keep the production of conventional coffee.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Café Arábica; agronegócio, certificação, análise, lucratividade., Arabic Coffee; agribusiness, certification, analysis, Profitability
Citação
Marcomini, Gilson Rogério; Miranda, José Messias de. Aspectos econômicos-financeiros da produção de café convencional e café especial. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 6p.