Pulverização de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) com melaço e seus efeitos nos teores de nutrientes foliares, crescimento vegetativo e produtividade
Data
2006-12-27
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Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Vários trabalhos foram desenvolvidos objetivando identificar os possíveis benefícios da pulverização com açúcar na fisiologia do cafeeiro. Sobre este assunto ficou claro o efeito desta prática no metabolismo de mudas e plantas adultas de cafeeiros, tolerância ao déficit hídrico em mudas recém plantadas e produtividade, em experimentos realizados em condições de casa de vegetação e campo. Restava investigar o efeito da aplicação de fontes alternativas, entre elas o melaço, um subproduto de usinas, destilarias e alambiques que, além de ser fonte da sacarose, também contém em sua constituição, macro e microminerais. Portanto, foi instalado um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos da aplicação de melaço em três concentrações na produtividade, crescimento vegetativo e teores de macro e micronutrientes foliares de cafeeiros adultos, nas condições do município de São Sebastião do Paraíso - MG, durante a fase de formação, expansão e início da maturação dos frutos. O experimento foi instalado na Fazenda Experimental da Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (Epamig), e conduzido de dezembro de 2003 a julho de 2004. A aplicação da calda de pulverização foi realizada a partir do mês de dezembro, período de formação, desenvolvimento e maturação dos frutos a cada 30 ou 60 dias, utilizando-se as concentrações de 2%, 5% e 10% (p/v) do produto. As avaliações de crescimento em altura do dossel e diâmetro de copa e de caule e vigor vegetativo foram realizadas mensalmente. As avaliações de produtividade, tamanho de sementes e teores foliares de macro e micronutrientes, foram realizadas ao final do experimento. Pulverizações com melaço proporcionaram maiores ganhos em altura, diâmetro de copa e crescimento de ramos plagiotrópicos, o que, certamente, irá proporcionar maior produtividade na próxima safra. Pulverizações com solução de melaço a 2%, de maneira geral promoveram maiores ganhos em produtividade e devem ser realizadas na metade da estação de crescimento dos frutos. Pulverizações nas concentrações 5% e 10% devem ser realizadas preferencialmente no final da estação de crescimento do frutos, visando aumentos de produtividade.
Several works were developed aiming to identify the possible benefits of the pulverization with sugar in the physiology of the coffe plants. Considering this subject it was clear the effect of this crop management in the metabolism of seedlings and adult plants of coffee, tolerance to the water deficit in seedlings recently planted and productivity, in experiments estabilished green house and field conditions. It was important to investigate remained to investigate the effect of the application of alternative sources, among them the sugarcane – syrup, a sub-product of plants, distilleries and stills, that besides being source of the sucrose, they also contain in your constitution macro and microminerals. For this purpose it was estabilished an experiment with objective to evaluate the effects of the sugarcane – syrup application in three concentrations in the productivity, vegetative growth and macro and micronutrient levels in leaf of adult coffees, in the conditions of the São Sebastião do Paraíso city, during the formation phase, expansion and beginning of the maturation of the fruits. The experiment was installed in Experimental Farm Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), from December/2003 to July/2004. The application of the sugarcane-syrup was accomplished starting from the month of December, formation period, development and maturation of the fruits to each 30 or 60 days, being used the concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10% (p/v) of the product. The growth evaluations in height of the dossal and cup diameter and shoot and vegetative vigor they were accomplished monthly. The productivity evaluations, size of seeds and macro and micronutrient levels, they were accomplished at the end of the experiment. Pulverizations with sugarcane-syrup caused increases in height cup diameter and plagiotropic shoot, which certainly, it will provide larger productivity in the next crop. Pulverization with sugarcane- syrup solution at 2%, in a general way promoted increases in productivity and they should be accomplished in the half of the station of fruit growth. Pulverization at 5% and 10%, preferentially should be accomplished in the end of the station of growth of the fruits, aiming productivity increases.
Several works were developed aiming to identify the possible benefits of the pulverization with sugar in the physiology of the coffe plants. Considering this subject it was clear the effect of this crop management in the metabolism of seedlings and adult plants of coffee, tolerance to the water deficit in seedlings recently planted and productivity, in experiments estabilished green house and field conditions. It was important to investigate remained to investigate the effect of the application of alternative sources, among them the sugarcane – syrup, a sub-product of plants, distilleries and stills, that besides being source of the sucrose, they also contain in your constitution macro and microminerals. For this purpose it was estabilished an experiment with objective to evaluate the effects of the sugarcane – syrup application in three concentrations in the productivity, vegetative growth and macro and micronutrient levels in leaf of adult coffees, in the conditions of the São Sebastião do Paraíso city, during the formation phase, expansion and beginning of the maturation of the fruits. The experiment was installed in Experimental Farm Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais (EPAMIG), from December/2003 to July/2004. The application of the sugarcane-syrup was accomplished starting from the month of December, formation period, development and maturation of the fruits to each 30 or 60 days, being used the concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10% (p/v) of the product. The growth evaluations in height of the dossal and cup diameter and shoot and vegetative vigor they were accomplished monthly. The productivity evaluations, size of seeds and macro and micronutrient levels, they were accomplished at the end of the experiment. Pulverizations with sugarcane-syrup caused increases in height cup diameter and plagiotropic shoot, which certainly, it will provide larger productivity in the next crop. Pulverization with sugarcane- syrup solution at 2%, in a general way promoted increases in productivity and they should be accomplished in the half of the station of fruit growth. Pulverization at 5% and 10%, preferentially should be accomplished in the end of the station of growth of the fruits, aiming productivity increases.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Pulverização, Adubação foliar, Produtividade
Citação
LIVRAMENTO, D. E. Pulverização de cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) com melaço e seus efeitos nos teores de nutrientes foliares, crescimento vegetativo e produtividade. 2006.42 f. Tese (Doutorado em Fisiologia Vegetal) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2006.