Biometria do crescimento de café conilon após poda programada de ciclo
Data
2012-12-17
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo selecionar genótipos promissores de Coffea canephora, pertencentes ao programa de melhoramento do Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa e Extensão Rural do Espírito Santo, estudar o seu crescimento, avaliar a diversidade genética e correlacionar características de interesse, quando manejados sob poda programada de ciclo. Inicialmente, foram comparados os desempenhos de 51 genótipos clonais oriundos da região de Castelo - ES (denominado Avaliação Castelo-AC) com seleção de 18 materiais promissores (AC02, AC03, AC12, AC13, AC22, AC24, AC26, AC27, AC28, AC29, AC30, AC35, AC36, AC37, AC39, AC40, AC43 e AC46). Os critérios de seleção foram o vigor e a tolerância à ferrugem, observados nos cinco primeiros anos de avaliações (2006 até 2010), além da produtividade, estabilidade de produção, uniformidade de maturação e tamanho do grão, em quatro safras (2007, 2008, 2009 e 2010). No ano agrícola de 2010/2011, após a poda programada de ciclo (PPC), passaram a ser estudados o crescimento dos novos ramos em 22 genótipos (os 18 selecionados) (AC), três genótipos clonais pertencentes a cultivar conilon Vitória e um genótipo da cultivar de polinização aberta Robusta Tropical, mensurando-se mensalmente um total de 17 características morfoagronomicas. Verificou-se a existência de genótipos divergentes e com boas características para serem utilizados em programas de melhoramento em processo de hibridação; que existem genótipos superiores indicados para composição de variedade clonal, alguns até com possibilidade de comporem variedade em conjunto com os genótipos pertencentes a cultivar Vitória. Após manejados sob PPC, os genótipos de café conilon mantém o padrão sigmoidal de crescimento, com as maiores taxas sendo verificadas nos meses mais quentes e de maior precipitação e as menores taxas nos meses onde a temperatua minima do ar decai para menos de 17 o C.
This work aimed to select promising genotypes of Coffea canephora, wich belong to the breeding program of the Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa e Extensão Rural do Espírito Santo, study their growth, evaluate the genetic diversity and correlate features of interest, when handled with programmed cycle pruning. It was compared the performances of 51 clonal genotypes from Castelo - ES (called Castelo Evaluation-CE) with selection of 18 promising materials (CE02, CE03, CE12, CE13, CE22, CE24, CE26, CE27, CE28, CE29 , CE30, CE35, CE36, CE37, CE39, CE40, CE43 and CE46). The selection criteria were the vigor and tolerance to rust, observed in the first five years of evaluation (from 2006 to 2010), as well as the productivity, production stability, uniformity of ripening and grain size in four seasons (2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010). In the years 2010/2011, after the programmed cycle pruning (PCP), the growth of new branches in 22 genotypes were studied (the 18 that were selected (CE), three clonal genotypes wich belong to cultivate Vitória conilon and an open-pollinated genotype to cultivate Robusta Tropical, measuring up a monthly total of 17 morphoagronomic traits. It was verified that differing genotypes, with good characteristics for use in breeding programs in hybridization process, exist; there are superior genotypes suitable for clonal composition range, some of them even with possibility of composing variety together with genotypes from cultivate Vitória. After managed under PCP, conilon coffee genotypes keep the sigmoidal pattern of growth, with the highest rates wich were recorded in the warmer months and with more precipitation and the lowest rates in the months where the minimum air temperature decays to less than 17 o C.
This work aimed to select promising genotypes of Coffea canephora, wich belong to the breeding program of the Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa e Extensão Rural do Espírito Santo, study their growth, evaluate the genetic diversity and correlate features of interest, when handled with programmed cycle pruning. It was compared the performances of 51 clonal genotypes from Castelo - ES (called Castelo Evaluation-CE) with selection of 18 promising materials (CE02, CE03, CE12, CE13, CE22, CE24, CE26, CE27, CE28, CE29 , CE30, CE35, CE36, CE37, CE39, CE40, CE43 and CE46). The selection criteria were the vigor and tolerance to rust, observed in the first five years of evaluation (from 2006 to 2010), as well as the productivity, production stability, uniformity of ripening and grain size in four seasons (2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010). In the years 2010/2011, after the programmed cycle pruning (PCP), the growth of new branches in 22 genotypes were studied (the 18 that were selected (CE), three clonal genotypes wich belong to cultivate Vitória conilon and an open-pollinated genotype to cultivate Robusta Tropical, measuring up a monthly total of 17 morphoagronomic traits. It was verified that differing genotypes, with good characteristics for use in breeding programs in hybridization process, exist; there are superior genotypes suitable for clonal composition range, some of them even with possibility of composing variety together with genotypes from cultivate Vitória. After managed under PCP, conilon coffee genotypes keep the sigmoidal pattern of growth, with the highest rates wich were recorded in the warmer months and with more precipitation and the lowest rates in the months where the minimum air temperature decays to less than 17 o C.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro.
Palavras-chave
Melhoramento genético, Coffea canephora, Biometria do crescimento, Análise de trilha, Poda programada de ciclo
Citação
DALCOLMO, J. M. Biometria do crescimento de café conilon após poda programada de ciclo . 2012. 117 f. Tese (Doutorado em Produção Vegetal) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes. 2012.