Caracterização da fluorescência da clorofila a, anatomia e histoquímica em folhas de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner e Psidium guajava L. colonizadas por algas do gênero Cephaleuros Kunze
Data
2011
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo
Resumo
Existem registros de elevada incidência de algas do gênero Cephaleuros (Trentepohliaceae) nas culturas de Psidium guajava (goiabeira) e Coffea canephora (café Conilon) no norte do estado do Espírito Santo, principal região produtora de café Conilon do Brasil. Essa pesquisa objetivou identificar os táxons de algas que colonizam folhas de Coffea canephora e Psidium guajava do norte do Espírito Santo e avaliar as respostas da fluorescência da clorofila a, anatomia e histoquímica das folhas colonizadas. O material vegetal foi coletado na Fazenda Experimental do Instituto Capixaba de Pesquisa, Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural (INCAPER), município de Sooretama, ES. Para anatomia, o material foi fixado, incluído, seccionado, corado e montado. A histoquímica foi realizada com cloreto férrico, floroglucinol acidificado e sudan IV. Material fresco foi seccionado para taxonomia. Bibliografias especializadas foram utilizadas na identificação dos táxons de algas. Para micromorfologia as amostras foram fixadas, desidratadas, submetidas ao ponto crítico de CO 2 , metalizadas e observadas em microscópio eletrônico de varredura. A fluorescência da clorofila a foi determinada por medidor portátil. As folhas de C. canephora e P. guajava apresentaram colonização na face adaxial. As análises anatômicas evidenciaram epiderme adaxial achatada, lignificada e com acúmulo de compostos fenólicos. O teste com sudan IV revelou a presença das algas no espaço subcuticular (Cephaleuros). C. canephora (com Cephaleuros sp.1) e P. guajava (com Cephaleuros sp.2) apresentaram colonização por algas de espécies diferentes. A fluorescência da clorofila a indicou estresse em folhas de café Conilon com maior densidade e diâmetro das lesões. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que a presença de algas do gênero Cephaleuros causou alterações na fluorescência da clorofila a, anatomia e histoquímica foliar das plantas colonizadas.
There are records of high incidence of genus’s algae Cephaleuros (Trentepohliaceae) in Psidium guajava (guava) and Coffea canephora (Conilon coffee) at north of Espírito Santo state, the main Brazilian state Conilon coffee producer. This research aimed identify the algae taxa that colonize Coffea canephora and Psidium guajava leaves at north of Espírito Santo and evaluate chlorophyll a fluorescence, anatomy and histochemical reactions of colonized leaves. The plant material was collected at Experimental Farm of Capixaba Institute Research, Technique Assistance and Rural Extension (INCAPER) at Sooretama city, ES. For anatomic analysis the sample was fixed, included, sectioned, stained and mounted. The histochemical was made with ferric chloride, acidified floroglucinol and sudan IV. Fresh material was section for taxonomy. Specialized bibliographies were used in the identification of the algae taxa. For micromorphology analysis samples were fixed, dehydrated, submitted to CO 2 critical point, metalized and observed in a scanning electron microscope. Chlorophyll a fluorescence was determined through a portable measurer. C. canephora and P. guajava leaves presented colonized adaxial surface. Anatomical analysis showed flat adaxial epidermis, lignified and with phenolic compounds accumulation. Sudan IV test revealed the presence of algae in subcuticular space (Cephaleuros). C. canephora (Cephaleuros sp.1) and P. guajava (Cephaleuros sp.2) were colonized by different species of algae. The Chlorophyll a fluorescence indicated stress in Conilon coffee leaves with higher density and lesions diameter. The results obtained had shown that the presence of the algae causes alterations in leaf anatomy and chlorophyll a fluorescence of the colonized plants.
There are records of high incidence of genus’s algae Cephaleuros (Trentepohliaceae) in Psidium guajava (guava) and Coffea canephora (Conilon coffee) at north of Espírito Santo state, the main Brazilian state Conilon coffee producer. This research aimed identify the algae taxa that colonize Coffea canephora and Psidium guajava leaves at north of Espírito Santo and evaluate chlorophyll a fluorescence, anatomy and histochemical reactions of colonized leaves. The plant material was collected at Experimental Farm of Capixaba Institute Research, Technique Assistance and Rural Extension (INCAPER) at Sooretama city, ES. For anatomic analysis the sample was fixed, included, sectioned, stained and mounted. The histochemical was made with ferric chloride, acidified floroglucinol and sudan IV. Fresh material was section for taxonomy. Specialized bibliographies were used in the identification of the algae taxa. For micromorphology analysis samples were fixed, dehydrated, submitted to CO 2 critical point, metalized and observed in a scanning electron microscope. Chlorophyll a fluorescence was determined through a portable measurer. C. canephora and P. guajava leaves presented colonized adaxial surface. Anatomical analysis showed flat adaxial epidermis, lignified and with phenolic compounds accumulation. Sudan IV test revealed the presence of algae in subcuticular space (Cephaleuros). C. canephora (Cephaleuros sp.1) and P. guajava (Cephaleuros sp.2) were colonized by different species of algae. The Chlorophyll a fluorescence indicated stress in Conilon coffee leaves with higher density and lesions diameter. The results obtained had shown that the presence of the algae causes alterations in leaf anatomy and chlorophyll a fluorescence of the colonized plants.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo.
Palavras-chave
Alga, Café, Goiaba, Anatomia vegetal, Fluorescência, Espírito Santo (Estado)
Citação
MACHADO, R. G. Caracterização da fluorescência da clorofila a, anatomia e histoquímica em folhas de Coffea canephora Pierre ex Froehner e Psidium guajava L. colonizadas por algas do gênero Cephaleuros Kunze. 2011. 78 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Biologia Vegetal) - Universidade Federal do Espirito Santo, Vitória. 2011.