Ruralidades em disputa na região cafeeira do município de Manizales, Colômbia
Data
2010-08
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Resumo
Partindo da identificação e análise das múltiplas ruralidades em disputa, isto é, da interação entre tramas diferenciáveis de relações sociais geradas por atores congregados em torno de certos propósitos comuns, informadas e caracterizadas pelas diversas formas de representar o rural que orienta o proceder destes diversos atores, a tese visa analisar a dinâmica rural do município de Manizales, Estado de Caldas, Colômbia. A análise se fundamenta na identificação de conflitos e solidariedades resultantes da interação entre os diversos atores que mobilizam a dinâmica rural (produtores agrícolas, extensionistas, ambientalistas, ativistas, acadêmicos e estudantes, visitantes e turistas, dentre outros), a partir do cruzamento de quatro categorias operativas (ruralidade produtivista, ruralidade contestatória, ruralidade hedonística e ruralidade fragilizada), concebidas como descritoras e sintetizadoras das variadas formas de perceber o rural identificáveis no âmbito local. Os pontos achados de divergência e convergência iram em torno de cinco eixos principais: a) o desentendimento entre a especialização na cultura do café ou a diversificação agroalimentar como alternativa produtiva para os agricultores familiares locais, b) a disputa suscitada sobre o tratamento dos agricultores familiares como atores improdutivos e sua concepção como atores sociais e políticos com potencial para atuar com maior autonomia, c) a abordagem da proposta de reconversão agroecológica como estratégia para criar uma “nova sociedade” em contraposição a sua concepção como projeto de ajuste às demandas contemporâneas da dinâmica de mercado, d) a divergência entre o turismo no espaço rural como oportunidade privada de negócio e seu entendimento como estratégia de desenvolvimento comunitário, e e) o desacordo entre a decisão de estimular a permanência dos jovens nos espaços rurais e incentivar sua saída. Finalmente, a análise das ruralidades em disputa deriva numa série de lineamentos acerca de como potencializar as sinergias e negociar os conflitos encontrados, úteis como informantes da formulação de políticas locais de desenvolvimento.
Following the identification and analysis of multiple ruralities in dispute, that is, the interaction between frames of differentiated social relations generated by actors gathered around certain common purposes, informed, and characterized by different ways of representing the country that guides the conduct of various actors , the thesis aims to analyze the dynamics of the rural municipality of Manizales, State of Caldas, Colombia. The analysis is based on the identification of conflicts and solidarities of the interaction between the various actors who mobilize the rural dynamics (agricultural producers, farmers, environmentalists, activists, academics and students, visitors and tourists, among others), from the junction of four operational categories (productive rurality, contestatory rurality, hedonistic rurality, fragile rurality), and synthesizer designed as descriptors of the various ways of perceiving the rural identifiable locally. The points of divergence and convergence findings shall go around five major themes: a) the disagreement between specialization in coffee crop diversification or agri-food production as an alternative for local farmers, b) the dispute arose over the treatment of family farmers unproductive as actors and their design as social and political actors with the potential to operate with greater autonomy, c) the approach of the proposed conversion agroecology as a strategy to create a "new society" as opposed to their conception and design of adjustment to the demands of contemporary market dynamics, d) the divergence between the rural tourism as an opportunity for private business and his understanding as a community development strategy, and e) the disagreement between the decision to encourage youth to stay in rural areas and encourage their departure. Finally, analysis of the dispute stems ruralities in a series of guidelines about how to leverage synergies and negotiate the conflicts found, working as informants for the formulation of local development policies.
Following the identification and analysis of multiple ruralities in dispute, that is, the interaction between frames of differentiated social relations generated by actors gathered around certain common purposes, informed, and characterized by different ways of representing the country that guides the conduct of various actors , the thesis aims to analyze the dynamics of the rural municipality of Manizales, State of Caldas, Colombia. The analysis is based on the identification of conflicts and solidarities of the interaction between the various actors who mobilize the rural dynamics (agricultural producers, farmers, environmentalists, activists, academics and students, visitors and tourists, among others), from the junction of four operational categories (productive rurality, contestatory rurality, hedonistic rurality, fragile rurality), and synthesizer designed as descriptors of the various ways of perceiving the rural identifiable locally. The points of divergence and convergence findings shall go around five major themes: a) the disagreement between specialization in coffee crop diversification or agri-food production as an alternative for local farmers, b) the dispute arose over the treatment of family farmers unproductive as actors and their design as social and political actors with the potential to operate with greater autonomy, c) the approach of the proposed conversion agroecology as a strategy to create a "new society" as opposed to their conception and design of adjustment to the demands of contemporary market dynamics, d) the divergence between the rural tourism as an opportunity for private business and his understanding as a community development strategy, and e) the disagreement between the decision to encourage youth to stay in rural areas and encourage their departure. Finally, analysis of the dispute stems ruralities in a series of guidelines about how to leverage synergies and negotiate the conflicts found, working as informants for the formulation of local development policies.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida no Instituto de Ciências Humanas e Sociais da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro.
Palavras-chave
Representação do rural, Ruralidade, Dinâmicas rurais, Desenvolvimento rura
Citação
SASTOQUE, M. J. V. M. Ruralidades em disputa na região cafeeira do município de Manizales, Colômbia. 2010. 165 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências Sociais) - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro. 2010.