Avaliação de extratores para determinar a disponibilidade de zinco no solo e desenvolvimento de mudas de cafeeiro
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Data
2000
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Resumo
As lavouras cafeeiras do Paraná estão implantadas em solos ácidos com baixos teores de Ca2+ e Mg2+, a calagem têm sido utilizada para amenizar esses problemas. A prática contínua da calagem tem causado a diminuição na disponibilidade de micronutrientes, como por exemplo, o zinco. Este trabalho tem como objetivos avaliar os extratores Mehlich 1, Mehlich 3, DTPA, HCl 0,1 N e Pasta de saturação para a determinação da disponibilidade do zinco no solo em três níveis de pH e o desenvolvimento de mudas de cafeeiro. Os tratamentos foram: 0; 5; 10; 20; 40; 100 mg dm-3de Zn; 20 mg dm-3 Zn + resíduo vegetal e resíduo vegetal, em três níveis de pH: original do solo (4,0); 5,5 e 6,5. Como resíduo vegetal, foi utilizado folhas de café secas e moídas, na base de 10 toneladas de matéria seca por hectare. Após a incubação, foi plantado uma muda de cafeeiro Catuaí Vermelho em cada recipiente. Houve aumento significativo na matéria seca das plantas até a dose 20 mg Zn dm-3, independente da dose de calcário aplicada. Os teores de zinco nas plantas aumentaram linearmente com as doses deste elemento, porém diminuíram com o aumento do pH. A extração do zinco no solo seguiu a seguinte ordem decrescente: Mehlich 1 > HCl 0,1N > Mehlich 3> DTPA > Pasta de saturação. Todos os extratores avaliados apresentaram tendência à diminuição na extração com o aumento do pH, porém o Mehlich 3 e DTPA foram mais sensíveis à modificação da reação do solo. O zinco determinado na solução do solo, representou uma pequena fração do zinco extraído pelos diferentes extratores e diminuiu drasticamente com o aumento do pH.
Liming has been the best way to reduce soil acidity. Nevestheless this practice can reduce zinc availab in the soil. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the zinc extraction capacity of several solutions, such as Mehlich 1; Mehlich 3; DTPA; HCl 0,1N; and soil solution with three levels of pH: 4,0; 5,5 and 6,5. The treatments were 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 100 mg dm-3 Zn, 20 mg dm- 3 Zn + vegetal residue, and vegetal residue. Coffee leaf was used as vegetal residue. After the incubation one coffee seedling was planted in each plastic bag with 1,5 dm3 of substract. There was significant increase in the plants dry matter until the dose of 20 mg Zn dm-3, despite the lime dose applied. There was a linear relationship between Zn application and Zn concentration in the coffee leaves. Zn concentration however decreased with the increase of pH in the soil. On average, the amount of Zn removed by extractors was in the following order: Mehlich 1> HCl 0,1N> Mehlich 3> DTPA> Soil solution. The extractors DTPA and Mehlich 3 were more sensitives to the modification of the soil reaction. The zinc in the soil solution represented a small fraction of extracted Zn for the different extractors and decreased with the increase of the pH.
Liming has been the best way to reduce soil acidity. Nevestheless this practice can reduce zinc availab in the soil. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the zinc extraction capacity of several solutions, such as Mehlich 1; Mehlich 3; DTPA; HCl 0,1N; and soil solution with three levels of pH: 4,0; 5,5 and 6,5. The treatments were 0, 5, 10, 20, 40, 100 mg dm-3 Zn, 20 mg dm- 3 Zn + vegetal residue, and vegetal residue. Coffee leaf was used as vegetal residue. After the incubation one coffee seedling was planted in each plastic bag with 1,5 dm3 of substract. There was significant increase in the plants dry matter until the dose of 20 mg Zn dm-3, despite the lime dose applied. There was a linear relationship between Zn application and Zn concentration in the coffee leaves. Zn concentration however decreased with the increase of pH in the soil. On average, the amount of Zn removed by extractors was in the following order: Mehlich 1> HCl 0,1N> Mehlich 3> DTPA> Soil solution. The extractors DTPA and Mehlich 3 were more sensitives to the modification of the soil reaction. The zinc in the soil solution represented a small fraction of extracted Zn for the different extractors and decreased with the increase of the pH.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (1.: 2000 : Poços de Caldas, MG). Resumos expandidos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café; Belo Horizonte : Minasplan, 2000. 2v. (1490p.) : il.
Palavras-chave
Resíduo vegetal Mehlich 1 Mehlich 3 DTPA HCl 0,1N Pasta saturação Zinco, Vegetal residue Mehlich 1 Mehlich 3 DTPA HCl 0,1N Soil solution Nutrition
Citação
Taniguchi, Carlos Alberto Kenji; Chaves, Júlio César Dias. Avaliação de extratores para determinar a disponibilidade de zinco no solo e desenvolvimento de mudas de cafeeiro. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (1.: 2000 : Poços de Caldas, MG). Resumos expandidos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café; Belo Horizonte : Minasplan, 2000. 2v. (1490p.), p. 1434-1437.