Tolerância ao déficit hídrico em mudas de genótipos de café portadores de genes de diferentes espécies
Data
2017-04
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Editora UFLA
Resumo
A seca é um dos fatores limitantes ao desenvolvimento dos cafeeiros arábicos e fontes de tolerância existem nas diferentes espécies de Coffea spp. O objetivo neste trabalho foi avaliar a tolerância à seca em mudas de 21 genótipos de café, portadores de genes de diferentes espécies, por meio da avaliação do grau de murchamento de suas folhas quando submetidas a períodos de restrição hídrica. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com 24 repetições de uma muda de seis meses de idade por parcela. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR) em Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Foram efetuadas duas avaliações visuais, por um índice de murcha das folhas, com notas de 1 a 9, seis dias após o início da restrição hídrica. As avaliações visuais quanto à intensidade de murcha em mudas permitiram discriminar satisfatoriamente genótipos com maior tolerância à seca. O genótipo mais tolerante à seca foi IAPAR 11260, um Coffea arabica (portador de genes de Coffea racemosa), seguido de Coffea arabica da Etiópia E368, ‘IPR 100’ (portador de genes de Coffea liberica) e ‘IPR 103’ (portador de genes de Coffea canephora). O Coffea canephora cv. ‘Apoatã IAC 2258’ foi mais sensível à seca do que todos os genótipos de Coffea arabica.
Drought is one of the limiting factors to Arabica coffee crop and tolerance sources exist in different Coffea spp. species. The aim of this research was to evaluate the drought tolerance in seedlings of 21 coffee genotypes, carrying genes of different species, by wilting degree analysis of seedling leaves subjected to a period of hydric restriction. The experimental design was completely randomized with 24 replicates, with one seedling of six months per plot. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR) in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Two evaluations were performed using a leaf wilting index, in the range of grades from 1 to 9, that were performed, in both evaluations, six days after the drought restriction began. Assessments of the intensity of wilt in seedlings allowed to discriminate genotypes with tolerance to drought. The most tolerant genotype to drought was IAPAR 11260 a Coffea arabica (carrier of Coffea racemosa genes), followed by Coffea arabica Ethiopia E368, ‘IPR 100’ (carrier of Coffea liberica genes) and ‘IPR 103’ (carrier of Coffea canephora genes). Coffea canephora cv. ‘Apoatã IAC 2258’ was the most sensitive compared with all Coffea arabica genotypes.
Drought is one of the limiting factors to Arabica coffee crop and tolerance sources exist in different Coffea spp. species. The aim of this research was to evaluate the drought tolerance in seedlings of 21 coffee genotypes, carrying genes of different species, by wilting degree analysis of seedling leaves subjected to a period of hydric restriction. The experimental design was completely randomized with 24 replicates, with one seedling of six months per plot. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse at the Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR) in Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. Two evaluations were performed using a leaf wilting index, in the range of grades from 1 to 9, that were performed, in both evaluations, six days after the drought restriction began. Assessments of the intensity of wilt in seedlings allowed to discriminate genotypes with tolerance to drought. The most tolerant genotype to drought was IAPAR 11260 a Coffea arabica (carrier of Coffea racemosa genes), followed by Coffea arabica Ethiopia E368, ‘IPR 100’ (carrier of Coffea liberica genes) and ‘IPR 103’ (carrier of Coffea canephora genes). Coffea canephora cv. ‘Apoatã IAC 2258’ was the most sensitive compared with all Coffea arabica genotypes.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coffea racemosa, Coffea liberica, Cafeeiro da Etiópia, Melhoramento genético
Citação
CARVALHO, F. G. et al. Tolerância ao déficit hídrico em mudas de genótipos de café portadores de genes de diferentes espécies. Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 12, n. 2, p. 156-163, abr./jun. 2017.