Uso de armadilha visando geração de nível de ação e correlação entre captura e infestação de Hypothenemus hampei na cultura do café
Arquivos
Data
2006
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
A tomada de decisão de controle da broca-do-café, Hypothenemus hampei, é baseada na avaliação de frutos broqueados na época de trânsito dos adultos. O uso desta técnica de amostragem é oneroso e dá ao cafeicultor pouco tempo para a tomada de decisão de controle, o que constitui problema tanto para pequenos como para grandes produtores. Assim, visando à geração de novos níveis de ação para H. hampei na cultura do café e a correlação entre captura e infestação da broca-do-café, foram conduzidos ensaios em quatro cafezais comerciais em 2005 e 2006, usando-se armadilhas IAPAR invertidas, contendo mistura de etanol e metanol na proporção de 1:3 e benzaldeído a 1% do volume, com taxa de liberação de 98mg/dia. Foram instaladas 20 armadilhas por hectare em cada lavoura. Quinzenalmente estas armadilhas eram recolhidas e contava-se o número de adultos de H. hampei presentes, bem como de adultos de outros Scolytinae. Avaliava-se também nestas datas a percentagem de frutos broqueados em cada lavoura. Verificou-se que é pequena a captura de H. hampei nas armadilhas contendo álcoois nas épocas em que os frutos do cafeeiro já estão bem desenvolvidos, entre março e julho. Entretanto, é grande a captura de H. hampei nas armadilhas contendo atraentes na época de trânsito dos adultos deste inseto-praga, a partir de agosto. Verificou-se também correlação significativa entre a intensidade de ataque de H. hampei aos frutos e da densidade de adultos deste inseto e do total de adultos de Scolytinae nas armadilhas contendo atraentes. O nível de ação para a broca-do-café foi de 4 adultos/armadilha/quinzena, quando o preço do café for alto, ou 7 adultos/armadilha/quinzena, quando o preço do café for baixo. Portanto, na época de trânsito, o uso de armadilha contendo atraentes representa uma ferramenta promissora na geração de nível de ação a ser empregado, em sistemas de tomada de decisão de controle deste insetopraga. O número de outras espécies de escolitídeos capturados nas armadilhas não interferiu na interpretação dos dados de captura da broca-docafé, na tomada de decisão, por ser reduzido.
The decision level to control the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, is based upon sampling damaged berries during the transition period of adult movement from berry to berry. Damaged berries include those that are from the following locations; fallen on the ground, post-harvest drying stage, remaining fruit on the plants and from neighboring coffee fields. Current sampling techniques, for determining control measures, are time consuming, giving the grower a small window of opportunity for control measures. Aiming to determine new action levels for H. hampei in coffee fields and the correlation between infestation levels and trapping of coffee berry borer, trials were carried out on four commercial coffee fields in 2005 and 2006, by using ‘IAPAR’ traps baited with ethanol and methanol at a 1:3 ratio and benzaldehyde at 1% volume, releasing 98 mg/day. Twenty traps/ha were set out on each experimental area. In two fields, the area had 1 ha (20 traps set), another field had 0.75 ha (15 traps set) and the fourth had only 0.3 ha (6 traps set) due to the small size of the field. In three of the fields, trap contents were checked every two weeks and the number of H. hampei were counted as well as the number of other scolytids. In one field the sampling was done every week because of the small size of the area. Fruit from the plants were also sampled to determine percentage of damage in each field. It was noticed that during fruit maturation, between March and July, the catch was very low. Although, the adult catch started increasing sharply in August when the borers started emerging from old berries remaining on the plants and on the ground. A correlation between trap catch and infestation level of H. hampei and other scolytids was determined. The decision level to control coffee berry borer is 4 adults/trap/two weeks when coffee market prices are high and 7 adults/trap/two weeks when coffee market prices are low. During the transit period of adults moving from old to new berries the use of traps, baited with semiochemicals, provides a useful tool in determining threshold in decision level systems for controlling coffee berry borer. Due to their small numbers, other scolytids caught in the traps did not mask the interpretation of obtaining a decision level.
The decision level to control the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei, is based upon sampling damaged berries during the transition period of adult movement from berry to berry. Damaged berries include those that are from the following locations; fallen on the ground, post-harvest drying stage, remaining fruit on the plants and from neighboring coffee fields. Current sampling techniques, for determining control measures, are time consuming, giving the grower a small window of opportunity for control measures. Aiming to determine new action levels for H. hampei in coffee fields and the correlation between infestation levels and trapping of coffee berry borer, trials were carried out on four commercial coffee fields in 2005 and 2006, by using ‘IAPAR’ traps baited with ethanol and methanol at a 1:3 ratio and benzaldehyde at 1% volume, releasing 98 mg/day. Twenty traps/ha were set out on each experimental area. In two fields, the area had 1 ha (20 traps set), another field had 0.75 ha (15 traps set) and the fourth had only 0.3 ha (6 traps set) due to the small size of the field. In three of the fields, trap contents were checked every two weeks and the number of H. hampei were counted as well as the number of other scolytids. In one field the sampling was done every week because of the small size of the area. Fruit from the plants were also sampled to determine percentage of damage in each field. It was noticed that during fruit maturation, between March and July, the catch was very low. Although, the adult catch started increasing sharply in August when the borers started emerging from old berries remaining on the plants and on the ground. A correlation between trap catch and infestation level of H. hampei and other scolytids was determined. The decision level to control coffee berry borer is 4 adults/trap/two weeks when coffee market prices are high and 7 adults/trap/two weeks when coffee market prices are low. During the transit period of adults moving from old to new berries the use of traps, baited with semiochemicals, provides a useful tool in determining threshold in decision level systems for controlling coffee berry borer. Due to their small numbers, other scolytids caught in the traps did not mask the interpretation of obtaining a decision level.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave
Broca do café Controle integrado Armadilha para insetos Hypothenemus hampei, Coffee berry borer Control Insect traps Hypothenemus hampei
Citação
Pereira, Adriano Elias. Uso de armadilha visando geração de nível de ação e correlação entre captura e infestação de Hypothenemus hampei na cultura do café. Viçosa : UFV, 2006. 36 fl. : il. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Orientador: Evaldo Ferreira Vilela. T 595.7 P436u 2006