Atratividade e desenvolvimento de Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) a prebióticos isolados e associados a Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill.
Data
2022-12-07
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Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
A broca-do-café Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) é considerada o principal inseto-praga da cultura cafeeira, causando grandes prejuízos à produção nacional e mundial de café. Assim, são necessárias pesquisas que busquem estratégias eficientes e mais sustentáveis para o manejo da broca-do-café. O uso de compostos prebióticos pode auxiliar no aumento da eficiência do controle biológico com Beauveria bassiana por causar tanto efeito atrativo para os insetos, quanto substrato nutritivo para melhor desenvolvimento do fungo entomopatogênico. Este trabalho avaliou se aplicação de prebióticos fermentados a base de levedura, isolados ou associados a Beauveria bassiana apresentam efeitos na atratividade, preferência, sobrevivência e desenvolvimento de de H. hampei. O primeiro experimento foi realizado em campo em duas áreas experimentais a fim de avaliar a atratividade da broca-do-café a dois prebióticos (Preb1 e Preb2) usados isolados em armadilhas em comparação com o cairomônio metanol:etanol (1:1) e água. O segundo experimento consistiu em um experimento de preferência com chance de escolha, em laboratório, para avaliar a influência da associação de B. bassiana com os prebióticos Preb1 e Preb2 na escolha e colonização do grão por H. hampei, registrando-se o número de insetos perfurando os frutos em 24h, e os números de furos e de insetos dentro dos frutos após 48h. O terceiro experimento consistiu em um experimento sem chance de escolha em laboratório, nele foi avaliado a sobrevivência das fêmeas colonizadoras e desenvolvimento da progênie em frutos de café tratados com B. bassiana isolada ou associada aos prebióticos Preb1 e Preb2. Como principais resultados, no primeiro experimento houve maiores coletas da broca-do-café com o cairomônio metanol:etanol em relação ao controle e prebióticos em todas as avaliações. No segundo experimento, houve preferência das fêmeas de H. hampei por frutos de café tratados com B. bassiana, B. bassiana + Preb1 e B. bassiana + Preb2 em relação ao controle. No terceiro experimento, a sobrevivência dos adultos foi significativamente maior na testemunha em relação aos tratamentos com B. bassiana, B. bassiana + Preb1 e B. bassiana + Preb2. Pode-se concluir que os prebióticos isolados em armadilhas em campo não são atrativos aos adultos de H. hampei; aparentemente não há efeito fagoestimulante dos prebióticos para aumentar a preferência dos frutos tratados com B. bassiana; B. bassiana é eficiente no controle das fêmeas colonizadoras e na redução da produção da progênie quando aplicado de forma isolada ou associada com os prebióticos.
The coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) is considered the main pest insect of coffee culture, causing great damage to national and world coffee production. More efficient and sustainable control strategies are still needed in the management of the coffee berry borer. The use of prebiotic compounds can help to increase the efficiency of biological control with Beauveria bassiana by causing both an attractive effect to insects and a nutritive substrate for better development of the entomopathogenic fungus. This work evaluated whether the application of yeast-based fermented prebiotics, alone or associated with B. bassiana have effects on the attractiveness, survival and development of H. hampei. The first experiment was conducted in the field in two experimental areas to evaluate the attractiveness of the coffee berry borer to two prebiotics (Preb1 and Preb2) used alone in traps in comparison with methanol:ethanol (1:1) and water (control). The second experiment consisted in a preference bioassay with chance of choice, in laboratory, to evaluate the influence of the association of B. bassiana with prebiotics in the choice and colonization of fruits by H. hampei, recording the number of insects perforating the fruits in 24h, and the number of holes and insects inside the fruits after 48h. The third experiment consisted of a no-choice bioassay in the laboratory, evaluating the survival of colonizing females and the development of progeny in coffee fruits treated with B. bassiana alone or associated with prebiotics. As main results, in the first experiment there were greater collections of the coffee berry borer with the methanol:ethanol cairomonium in relation to the control and prebiotics in all evaluations. In the second experiment, there was a preference of H. hampei females for fruits treated with B. bassiana, B. bassiana + Preb1 and B. bassiana + Preb2 in relation to the control. In the third experiment, adult survival was significantly higher in the control compared to treatments with B. bassiana, B. bassiana + Preb1 and B. bassiana + Preb2. It can be concluded that prebiotics isolated in field traps are not attractive to adults of H. hampei; there is no phage-stimulating effect of prebiotics to increase the preference of fruits treated with B. bassiana and in the control efficiency; B. bassiana is efficient in the control of colonizing females and in the reduction of progeny production when applied alone or associated with the prebiotics.
The coffee berry borer Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) is considered the main pest insect of coffee culture, causing great damage to national and world coffee production. More efficient and sustainable control strategies are still needed in the management of the coffee berry borer. The use of prebiotic compounds can help to increase the efficiency of biological control with Beauveria bassiana by causing both an attractive effect to insects and a nutritive substrate for better development of the entomopathogenic fungus. This work evaluated whether the application of yeast-based fermented prebiotics, alone or associated with B. bassiana have effects on the attractiveness, survival and development of H. hampei. The first experiment was conducted in the field in two experimental areas to evaluate the attractiveness of the coffee berry borer to two prebiotics (Preb1 and Preb2) used alone in traps in comparison with methanol:ethanol (1:1) and water (control). The second experiment consisted in a preference bioassay with chance of choice, in laboratory, to evaluate the influence of the association of B. bassiana with prebiotics in the choice and colonization of fruits by H. hampei, recording the number of insects perforating the fruits in 24h, and the number of holes and insects inside the fruits after 48h. The third experiment consisted of a no-choice bioassay in the laboratory, evaluating the survival of colonizing females and the development of progeny in coffee fruits treated with B. bassiana alone or associated with prebiotics. As main results, in the first experiment there were greater collections of the coffee berry borer with the methanol:ethanol cairomonium in relation to the control and prebiotics in all evaluations. In the second experiment, there was a preference of H. hampei females for fruits treated with B. bassiana, B. bassiana + Preb1 and B. bassiana + Preb2 in relation to the control. In the third experiment, adult survival was significantly higher in the control compared to treatments with B. bassiana, B. bassiana + Preb1 and B. bassiana + Preb2. It can be concluded that prebiotics isolated in field traps are not attractive to adults of H. hampei; there is no phage-stimulating effect of prebiotics to increase the preference of fruits treated with B. bassiana and in the control efficiency; B. bassiana is efficient in the control of colonizing females and in the reduction of progeny production when applied alone or associated with the prebiotics.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
voláteis, broca-do-café, controle biológico, fagoestimulantes, MIP, volatiles, coffee berry borer, biological control, phagostimulants, IPM
Citação
ANTUNES, Ana Paula Ananias. Atratividade e desenvolvimento de Hypothenemus hampei (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) a prebióticos isolados e associados a Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. 2022. 38 p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Entomologia) –Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, 2023.