Herança e mapeamento de QTLs da resistência do Híbrido de Timor à ferrugem do cafeeiro
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Data
2008
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Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a herança da resistência do Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 a Hemileia vastatrix e identificar QTLs associados à resistência à ferrugem do cafeeiro. Para o estudo da herança, foram utilizadas 246 plantas da população F2, originadas da autofecundação controlada do F1 H 511-1, 115 plantas do retrocruzamento suscetível (RCS) e 87 do retrocruzamento resistente (RCR), derivados de cruzamentos do F1 com o genótipo Catuaí Amarelo IAC 64 (UFV 2148-57) e o Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3, respectivamente. Essas plantas foram inoculadas com a raça II de H. vastatrix e um isolado coletado de Coffea arabica ‘Oeiras’, de raça desconhecida, denominado patótipo 001, ambos isolados de lesões monopustulares. Para os dois patótipos, o Catuaí Amarelo UFV 2148-57 foi suscetível, enquanto que o Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3, a F1 e as plantas do RCR foram resistentes. As plantas F2, quando inoculadas com a raça II, apresentaram duas segregações significativas pelo teste Qui-quadrado, 15:1 (P=24,92%) e 61:3 (P=87,27%). A herança da resistência foi confirmada pela inoculação das plantas do RCS que segregaram na proporção de 3:1 (P=17,83%), esperado para os dois genes, enquanto que a segregação 7:1, esperada para três genes, foi rejeitada. Estes dados sugerem que dois genes dominantes e independentes conferem a resistência desse Híbrido de Timor à raça II de H. vastatrix. Resultados semelhantes foram obtidos com o patótipo 001, onde foi observada segregação de 15:1 (P=92,13%) na F2 e de 3:1 (P=78,78%) no RCS, demonstrando, também, que dois genes dominantes e independentes controlam a resistência do Híbrido de Timor a esse outro patótipo. Para a identificação de QTLs associados à resistência do Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 a H. vastatrix, 286 marcadores moleculares (282 SSR e 4 RAPD) foram analisados nos parentais. Os marcadores polimórficos (21 SSR e 4 RAPD) foram utilizados para amplificar o DNA das 246 plantas F2 e construir o mapa genético. Dos 25 marcadores analisados, dois não se ligaram a nenhum dos seis grupos de ligação formados pelos 23 marcadores restantes, que cobriram 277,90 cM do genoma. Três QTLs foram identificados e designados como QTLHv1, QTLHv2 e QTLHv3, que explicaram, respectivamente, 5,94%, 5,52% e 15,92% da variação fenotípica. Os valores de LOD e distância entre as marcas e respectivos QTLs foram de 3,69 e 14 cM para o QTLHv1, 3,18 e 0,5 cM para o QTLHv2 e 10,33 e 22 cM para o QTLHv3. Este é o primeiro relato da utilização de marcadores SSR na identificação de QTLs associados à resistência do cafeeiro a H. vastatrix. Esses QTLs poderão ser utilizados na seleção assistida para a introgressão de genes de resistência do Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 à ferrugem nos genótipos comerciais.
The objectives of this work were to study the resistance inheritance of the Híbrido Timor UFV 443-3 to Hemileia vastatrix and identify QTLs associated with resistance to coffee leaf rust. To study the inheritance we used a population of 246 individuals, produced from the controlled self-pollinated F1 H 511-1, 115 susceptible backcrossing (BCS) plants, and 87 resistant backcrossing (BCR) plants, originated from the crossing between F1 with Catuaí amarelo UFV 2148-57 and Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3, respectively. These populations were inoculated with the race II, and a noncharacterized field isolate, designated pathotype 001, both from a single pustule-isolate of H. vastatrix. For both pathotypes, the Catuaí amarelo UFV 2148-57 was susceptible, while the Híbrido de Timor, the F1, and the BCR plants were resistant. The F2 plants inoculated with the race II showed two goodness of fit by the chi-square test, 15:1 (P=24.92%) and 61:3 (P=87.27%). The resistance inheritance was confirmed by the inoculation of BCs plants which segregated in a rate of 3:1 (P=17.83%), expected for the two genes, whereas the hypothesis of segregation 7:1, expected for three genes, was rejected. These results demonstrate that two independent dominant genes are responsible for the resistance of the Híbrido de Timor 443-3 to the race II of H. vastatrix. Similar results were observed with the pathotype 001 showing a segregation of 15:1 (P=92.13%) in the F2, and 3:1 (P=78.78%) in the BCs. These data indicate that two independent dominant genes, also, control the resistance of the Híbrido de Timor to this pathotype. To identify QTLs associated with the resistance of the Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 to coffee leaf rust we tested 286 molecular markers (282 SSR and 4 RAPD) in the parental genotypes. Those polymorphic markers (21 SSR and 4 RAPD) were used to screening the 246 F2 plants and to construct the linkage map. Among the 25 analyzed markers, two did not match to any of the six linkage groups formed by the 23 remaining markers, covering 277.90cM of the genome. Three QTLs were identified, QTLHv1, QTLHv2 and QTLHv3, that explain, 5.94%, 5.52% and 15.92% of the phenotypic variation respectively. The LOD score and the recombination frequency between the marker and respective QTLs were 3.69 and 14cM to the QTLHv1, 3.18 and 0.5cM to the QTLHv2, and 10.33 and 22cM to the QTLHv3. This is the first report of SSR markers in the identification of QTLs associated to the coffee tree resistance to H. vastatrix. These QTLs could be used in the assisted selection for introgression of genes for resistance from the Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 to coffee leaf rust into commercial genotypes.
The objectives of this work were to study the resistance inheritance of the Híbrido Timor UFV 443-3 to Hemileia vastatrix and identify QTLs associated with resistance to coffee leaf rust. To study the inheritance we used a population of 246 individuals, produced from the controlled self-pollinated F1 H 511-1, 115 susceptible backcrossing (BCS) plants, and 87 resistant backcrossing (BCR) plants, originated from the crossing between F1 with Catuaí amarelo UFV 2148-57 and Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3, respectively. These populations were inoculated with the race II, and a noncharacterized field isolate, designated pathotype 001, both from a single pustule-isolate of H. vastatrix. For both pathotypes, the Catuaí amarelo UFV 2148-57 was susceptible, while the Híbrido de Timor, the F1, and the BCR plants were resistant. The F2 plants inoculated with the race II showed two goodness of fit by the chi-square test, 15:1 (P=24.92%) and 61:3 (P=87.27%). The resistance inheritance was confirmed by the inoculation of BCs plants which segregated in a rate of 3:1 (P=17.83%), expected for the two genes, whereas the hypothesis of segregation 7:1, expected for three genes, was rejected. These results demonstrate that two independent dominant genes are responsible for the resistance of the Híbrido de Timor 443-3 to the race II of H. vastatrix. Similar results were observed with the pathotype 001 showing a segregation of 15:1 (P=92.13%) in the F2, and 3:1 (P=78.78%) in the BCs. These data indicate that two independent dominant genes, also, control the resistance of the Híbrido de Timor to this pathotype. To identify QTLs associated with the resistance of the Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 to coffee leaf rust we tested 286 molecular markers (282 SSR and 4 RAPD) in the parental genotypes. Those polymorphic markers (21 SSR and 4 RAPD) were used to screening the 246 F2 plants and to construct the linkage map. Among the 25 analyzed markers, two did not match to any of the six linkage groups formed by the 23 remaining markers, covering 277.90cM of the genome. Three QTLs were identified, QTLHv1, QTLHv2 and QTLHv3, that explain, 5.94%, 5.52% and 15.92% of the phenotypic variation respectively. The LOD score and the recombination frequency between the marker and respective QTLs were 3.69 and 14cM to the QTLHv1, 3.18 and 0.5cM to the QTLHv2, and 10.33 and 22cM to the QTLHv3. This is the first report of SSR markers in the identification of QTLs associated to the coffee tree resistance to H. vastatrix. These QTLs could be used in the assisted selection for introgression of genes for resistance from the Híbrido de Timor UFV 443-3 to coffee leaf rust into commercial genotypes.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave
Hemileia vastatrix; Resistência; Microssatélites;, Hemileia vastatrix; Resistance; Microsatellites;
Citação
Capucho, Alexandre Sandri. Herança e mapeamento de QTLs da resistência do Híbrido de Timor à ferrugem do cafeeiro. Viçosa : UFV, 2008. 62 f. : il. (Dissertação - Mestrado em Fitopatologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Orientador: Laércio Zambolim. T 633.7394 C255h 2008