Caracterização molecular de variedades elite de Coffea arabica L. através de marcadores AFLP
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Data
2001
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Resumo
Ao longo de 70 anos de pesquisas voltadas para o melhoramento genético do cafeeiro, o Instituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) acumulou importante germoplasma desta cultura. Diversos cultivares foram selecionados e vêm sendo cultivados não apenas no Brasil, como também em vários países cafeicultores. No caso da espécie C. arabica, uma das dificuldades surgidas com o crescente número de cultivares obtidos está relacionada à correta identificação das linhagens que o compõem, freqüentemente de parentesco muito próximo, o que torna difícil a diferenciação destes através dos descritores botânicos e agronômicos. Diante desse contexto, a caracterização das principais linhagens dos cultivares Mundo Novo, Acaiá, Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Icatu Vermelho, Icatu Amarelo, Icatu Precoce, Bourbon Amarelo, Ouro Verde e Obatã, de C. arabica, vem sendo realizada utilizando-se a técnica AFLP (Amplified Fragment Lenght Polimorfism). Os fragmentos obtidos foram visualizados em gel de acrilamida 5%, através da marcação dos primers com fluorescências específicas e da utilização de seqüenciador automático (ABI 377). Até o momento, 663 fragmentos foram obtidos e analisados em função da presença ou ausência das bandas geradas. Utilizando-se o aplicativo NTSYs, foi calculado um índice de similaridade genética (Jaccard) e a partir dele construído um dendrograma (UPGMA). Os resultados obtidos até o presente momento atestam a grande quantidade de informações geradas por esse tipo de marcador. Todas as linhagens utilizadas no presente estudo foram diferenciadas umas das outras em pelo menos 10% do total de bandas polimórficas utilizadas para as análises. No entanto, as relações de parentesco não são coerentes com as informações sobre a origem genética destas, sugerindo que novos marcadores sejam obtidos.
During the past 70 years, the Insituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) has been involved with research aiming the genetic improvement of coffee plants. Several cultivars have been developed and are currently cultivated, not only in Brazil, but also in other coffee producer countries. One major difficulty associated with the development of coffee cultivars, specifically those belonging to Coffea arabica, is the accurate identification of inbred lines. These inbreds share a high genetic similarity, due to a close ancestral relationship, difficulting their discrimination by traditional botanical descriptors. Therefore, the characterization of inbreds of IAC C. arabica commercial cultivars such as Mundo Novo, Acaiá, Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Icatu Vermelho, Icatu Amarelo, Icatu Precoce, Bourbon Amarelo, Ouro Verde and Obatã, has been accomplished by the technique AFLP (Amplified Fragment Lenght Polimorfism). The amplified fragments were visualized in a 5% acrylamide gel by specific fluorescent - labeled primers at an ABI377 Automatic sequencer. A total of 663 fragments were evaluated, considering presence or absence of these in all inbreds tested. The analysis was performed using the software NTSYS, a coefficient of genetic similarity (Jaccard) was determined and used for the construction of a phylogenetic dendrogram (UPGMA). The results obtained until now confirmed the high number of polimorphic markers generated by this type of marker. All inbreds tested were identified by at least 10% of total polimorphic fragments utilized. However, the genetic relationships revealed by them are not in agreement with the parental origin of these cultivars, suggesting that new molecular markers maybe found.
During the past 70 years, the Insituto Agronômico de Campinas (IAC) has been involved with research aiming the genetic improvement of coffee plants. Several cultivars have been developed and are currently cultivated, not only in Brazil, but also in other coffee producer countries. One major difficulty associated with the development of coffee cultivars, specifically those belonging to Coffea arabica, is the accurate identification of inbred lines. These inbreds share a high genetic similarity, due to a close ancestral relationship, difficulting their discrimination by traditional botanical descriptors. Therefore, the characterization of inbreds of IAC C. arabica commercial cultivars such as Mundo Novo, Acaiá, Catuaí Vermelho, Catuaí Amarelo, Icatu Vermelho, Icatu Amarelo, Icatu Precoce, Bourbon Amarelo, Ouro Verde and Obatã, has been accomplished by the technique AFLP (Amplified Fragment Lenght Polimorfism). The amplified fragments were visualized in a 5% acrylamide gel by specific fluorescent - labeled primers at an ABI377 Automatic sequencer. A total of 663 fragments were evaluated, considering presence or absence of these in all inbreds tested. The analysis was performed using the software NTSYS, a coefficient of genetic similarity (Jaccard) was determined and used for the construction of a phylogenetic dendrogram (UPGMA). The results obtained until now confirmed the high number of polimorphic markers generated by this type of marker. All inbreds tested were identified by at least 10% of total polimorphic fragments utilized. However, the genetic relationships revealed by them are not in agreement with the parental origin of these cultivars, suggesting that new molecular markers maybe found.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Resumos. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. 181p. : il.
Palavras-chave
Café Caracterização citomolecular Genética Marcadores AFLP Coffea arabica, Coffee Citomolecular characterization Genetics AFLP markers Coffea arabica
Citação
Ruggiero, Luciana Machado de Campos; Colombo, Carlos; Maluf, Mirian Perez; Guerreiro Filho, Oliveiro. Caracterização molecular de variedades elite de Coffea arabica L. através de marcadores AFLP. In: Simpósio Brasileiro de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (2. : 2001 : Vitória, ES). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2001. (CD-ROM), p. 299-309.