Padrão de consumo de café e monitoramento de riscos associados ao diabetes tipo 2, obesidade e dislipidemias na população adulta do Distrito Federal e entorno
Data
2010-12-08
Autores
Machado, Liliane Maria Messias
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade de Brasília
Resumo
Objetivo: o café é um alimento funcional que tem sido associado a reduções do risco de várias doenças e agravos não transmissívies, incluindo o diabetes. Já que diferenças de hábitos alimentares são reconhecidos fatores modificadores na epidemiologia do diabetes, este estudo visou descrever o padrão de consumo do café e sua associação com ocorrência de diabetes tipo 2, controlando-se a ocorrência de obesidade e dislipidemias na população adulta do Distrito Federal e entorno, assim como buscou verificar o padrão de resposta ao teste oral de tolerância à refeição, com 75 g de carboidrato, associado ao padrão de consumo de café. Métodos: Estudo 1 - estudo transversal realizado por entrevista telefônica (N = 1440). A amostra é random para os números de telefones fixos e celulares. Análise multivariada foi realizada, controlando-se variáveis sócio- comportamentais, obesidade e antecedentes familiares de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis. Um modelo de regressão hierárquica e uma regressão de Poisson foram utilizados para verificar a proteção contra o diabetes tipo-2 e consumo de café. As variáveis independentes que se mantiveram no modelo final, por níveis de inclusão hierárquica, foram: primeiro nível - idade e estado civil; segundo nível – antecedentes de diabetes e dislipidemias; terceiro nível - tabagismo, consumo de suplemento, índice de massa corporal; e quarto nível - ingestão de café (≤ 100 mL/d, 101 a 400 mL/d, e > 400 mL/d). Estudo 2 – estudo transversal com 67 voluntários com e sem antecedentes de diabetes tipo 2, que realizaram o teste oral de tolerância à refeição. Os dados foram submetidos à análise multivariada com medidas repetidas por meio de um modelo de efeitos mistos. Resultados: Estudo 1 - Após o ajuste hierárquico para as variáveis de confusão, os consumidores de 101 a 400mL de café por dia tinham uma prevalência 2,7% (p=0,04) de não ter diabetes do que aqueles que beberam ≤ 100 ml de café/dia. Em comparação com a ingestão de café de ≤ 100 mL/dia, os consumidores de > 400 mL de café por dia não apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significativa na prevalência do diabetes. Estudo 2 - não houve diferença entre os níveis médios de insulina e glicose ao longo do tempo, entre os dois grupos de consumidores de café (≤ 400 mL e consumidores de > 400 mL de café por dia),quando se controlou antecedentes familiares, idade e IMC. Isoladamente, os picos de insulinemia e glicemia foram maiores no grupo de indivíduos com antecedentes de diabetes, independentemente da quantidade de café consumida, e associados as variáveis idade e excesso de peso.Conclusões: Assim, o consumo moderado de café parece proteger contra a ocorrência de diabetes tipo 2 na população estudada. Este é o primeiro estudo a mostrar uma relação entre o consumo de café e diabetes na população brasileira.
Objective: coffee is a functional food that has been associated with risk reductions of various non-communicable diseases and injuries, including diabetes. Since differences in dietary habits are known modifying factors in the epidemiology of diabetes, this study aimed to describe the pattern of coffee consumption and its association with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, controlled by the occurrence of obesity and dyslipidemia in adult population of the Federal District and surroundings, and also to verify the pattern of response to meal glucose tolerance test with 75 g carbohydrate, associated with the pattern of coffee consumption. Methods: Study 1 - cross-sectional study conducted by telephone interview (n = 1440). A random sample of residential and mobile phone number was used. Multivariate analysis was performed, controlling for socio-behavioral, family history of obesity and chronic diseases. A model of hierarchical regression and Poisson regression were used to verify protection against type-2 diabetes and coffee consumption. The independent variables that remained in the final model, after inclusion of hierarchical levels, were: first level - the age and marital status; second level – antecedents of diabetes and dyslipidaemia; third level - smoking, supplement intake, body mass index; and fourth level - coffee intake (≤ 100 mL / d, 101 to 400 mL / d, and> 400 mL / d). Study 2 - cross-sectional study with 67 volunteers with or without parental history of type 2 diabetes, who underwent a meal glucose tolerance test. A multivariate analysis with repeated measures using a mixed effects model was performed. Results: Study 1 - After adjusting for confounding variables in the hierarchical model, consumers of 101 to 400ml of coffee per day had a prevalence 2.7% (p = 0.04) of not having diabetes than those who drank ≤ 100 ml coffee / day. Compared with coffee intake of ≤ 100 mL / day, consumers of> 400 mL coffee per day showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes. Study 2 - there was no difference between the average levels of insulin and glucose over time, between the two groups of coffee drinkers (≤ 400 mL and consumers of > 400 mL of coffee per day), when controlled by family history, age and body mass index. Separately, peak insulin and glucose levels were higher in individuals with a history of diabetes, regardless of the amount of coffee consumed, age and weight excess. Conclusions: Thus, moderate consumption of coffee seems to protect against the occurrence Type 2 diabetes in this population. This is the first study to show a relationship between coffee consumption and diabetes in our population.
Objective: coffee is a functional food that has been associated with risk reductions of various non-communicable diseases and injuries, including diabetes. Since differences in dietary habits are known modifying factors in the epidemiology of diabetes, this study aimed to describe the pattern of coffee consumption and its association with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes, controlled by the occurrence of obesity and dyslipidemia in adult population of the Federal District and surroundings, and also to verify the pattern of response to meal glucose tolerance test with 75 g carbohydrate, associated with the pattern of coffee consumption. Methods: Study 1 - cross-sectional study conducted by telephone interview (n = 1440). A random sample of residential and mobile phone number was used. Multivariate analysis was performed, controlling for socio-behavioral, family history of obesity and chronic diseases. A model of hierarchical regression and Poisson regression were used to verify protection against type-2 diabetes and coffee consumption. The independent variables that remained in the final model, after inclusion of hierarchical levels, were: first level - the age and marital status; second level – antecedents of diabetes and dyslipidaemia; third level - smoking, supplement intake, body mass index; and fourth level - coffee intake (≤ 100 mL / d, 101 to 400 mL / d, and> 400 mL / d). Study 2 - cross-sectional study with 67 volunteers with or without parental history of type 2 diabetes, who underwent a meal glucose tolerance test. A multivariate analysis with repeated measures using a mixed effects model was performed. Results: Study 1 - After adjusting for confounding variables in the hierarchical model, consumers of 101 to 400ml of coffee per day had a prevalence 2.7% (p = 0.04) of not having diabetes than those who drank ≤ 100 ml coffee / day. Compared with coffee intake of ≤ 100 mL / day, consumers of> 400 mL coffee per day showed no statistically significant difference in the prevalence of diabetes. Study 2 - there was no difference between the average levels of insulin and glucose over time, between the two groups of coffee drinkers (≤ 400 mL and consumers of > 400 mL of coffee per day), when controlled by family history, age and body mass index. Separately, peak insulin and glucose levels were higher in individuals with a history of diabetes, regardless of the amount of coffee consumed, age and weight excess. Conclusions: Thus, moderate consumption of coffee seems to protect against the occurrence Type 2 diabetes in this population. This is the first study to show a relationship between coffee consumption and diabetes in our population.
Descrição
Tese de Doutorado defendida na Universidade de Brasília.
Palavras-chave
Consumo de café, Diabetes, Obesidade, Dislipidemias, Hábitos e estilos de vida
Citação
MACHADO, L. M. M. Padrão de consumo de café e monitoramento de riscos associados ao diabetes tipo 2, obesidade e dislipidemias na população adulta do Distrito Federal e entorno. 2010. 256 f. Tese (Doutorado em Ciências da Saúde) - Universidade de Brasília, Brasília. 2010..