INGESTÃO DE CAFEINA COMO AGENTE BIOPROTETOR EM RELAÇÃO AOS DANOS CAUSADOS PELA AFLATOXINA B1 EM RATOS WISTAR
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2009
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Resumo
Aflatoxinas são metabólitos secundários sintetizados por fungos, principalmente Aspergillus flavus e A. parasiticus. Tais toxinas são responsáveis por graves intoxicações e tem se mostrado carcinogênicas, mutagênicas e teratogênicas a diversas espécies animais, inclusive o homem. O efeito inibitório da cafeína sobre o crescimento do fungo A. parasiticus e síntese de aflatoxina B1 e B2, já foi constatado em estudos recentes. Portanto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar mediante testes “in vivo” em ratos Wistar, o efeito bioprotetor da ingestão da cafeína sobre a toxicidade da Aflatoxina B, além de testar e validar metodologias relacionadas a diferentes formas de administrar a micotoxina. Os testes foram realizados com ratos Wistar recém desmamados, separados em grupos de quatro animais, acondicionados em gaiolas metabólicas. Durante quinze dias antes do experimento, os animais tiveram acesso à dieta padrão e água potável ad libitum. Após este período foram separados em grupos de três animais para compor os oito tratamentos. O experimento teve duração de 60 dias, sendo os tratamentos aplicados com ração comercial suplementada com diferentes doses de cafeína. A aflatoxina B1(100 μL), foi ministrada aos animais, por via oral, inoculada na dieta em 5g de leite em pó e 2mL de água, correspondendo à dosagem de 50 ng/kg de peso corpóreo/dia respectivamente. A cafeina foi adicionada à dieta nas dosagens de 0%, 1%, 1,5% e 2%, perfazendo os oito tratamentos (T) (T1, T2, T3 T4 T5 T6 T7 E T8). Durante seis semanas os animais foram alimentados com ração suplementada com cafeína e a partir da sétima semana os grupos T5; T6; T7; T8 passaram a consumir também aflatoxina. Os animais foram pesados diariamente. No final do experimento, coletou-se urina e sangue dos animais para realização das análises clínicas de: creatinina e uréia através da urina e as amostras do sangue (soro) foram utilizadas para determinar a atividade das transaminases hepáticas, aspartato aminotransferase (TGO) e alanina aminotransferase (TGP), gama-glutamil transferase animal (GGT). Todos animais foram sacrificados e autopsiados no final do experimento e avaliados os desenvolvimentos dos danos causados aos rins, coração, pulmão e fígado através de lâminas histológicas. Os dados percentuais obtidos foram comparados pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade. As concentrações de TGP, uréia (U) e creatinina(U) dos animais que consumiram OTA confirma a toxicidade da micotoxina em relação ao sistema renal. As lâminas histopatológicas, comprovam, que a aflatoxina causou danos aos rins. A cafeína na dosagem de 2% foi capaz de controlar a ação da micotoxina.
Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites synthesized by fungi, particularly Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. These toxins are responsible for severe problems and have been carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to different animal species, including humans. The inhibitory effect of caffeine, was verified on the growth of the fungus A. parasiticus and synthesis of aflatoxin B1 and B2.This study aimed to evaluate through testing “in vivo” in wistar rats, the quimioprotector effect, about the intake of caffeine on the toxicity of aflatoxin B, in addition to test and validate methodologies relating to different way of administering the mycotoxin. The tests were conducted with newly weaned rats, separated into groups of four animals, placed in metabolic cages. During fifteen days before the experiment, the animals had access to standard diet and water ad libitum. After this period were separated into groups of three animals to produce eight treatments. The experiment lasted for 60 days and the treatment were supplemented with different caffeine doses. Aflatoxin B1 ( 100 μL) ,was given orally, to animals, injected at 5g in the diet mixed with milk powder and 2 mL of water, corresponding to the dosage of 50 ng/kg of body weight/ day respectively. Caffeine was added to the diet at doses of 0%,1%,1,5% and 2%, for the eight treatments (T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7 and T8). For six weeks the animals were fed diet supplemented with caffeine and from the seventh week the groups T5,T6,T7,T8 also have started to consume aflatoxin. Animals were weight daily, at the end of the experiment, urine was collected and blood of animals to perform the clinical analysis of: creatinine and urea in the urine and blood samples ( serum) were used to determine the activity of hepatic transaminases, aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase animal (GGT).All animals were sacrificed and autopsied at the end of experiment. The developments of damage to the kidneys, heart, lung and liver were verified, through histological slides.The percentage data were compared by Tukey at 5% probability.The concentrations of ALT, urea(U) and creatinine of the animals that have confirmed the toxicity of OTA mycotoxin in the renal system. The hispatological slides, show that aflatoxin caused damage to the kidneys. Caffeine in doses of 2% was able to control the action of the mycotoxin.
Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites synthesized by fungi, particularly Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. These toxins are responsible for severe problems and have been carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic to different animal species, including humans. The inhibitory effect of caffeine, was verified on the growth of the fungus A. parasiticus and synthesis of aflatoxin B1 and B2.This study aimed to evaluate through testing “in vivo” in wistar rats, the quimioprotector effect, about the intake of caffeine on the toxicity of aflatoxin B, in addition to test and validate methodologies relating to different way of administering the mycotoxin. The tests were conducted with newly weaned rats, separated into groups of four animals, placed in metabolic cages. During fifteen days before the experiment, the animals had access to standard diet and water ad libitum. After this period were separated into groups of three animals to produce eight treatments. The experiment lasted for 60 days and the treatment were supplemented with different caffeine doses. Aflatoxin B1 ( 100 μL) ,was given orally, to animals, injected at 5g in the diet mixed with milk powder and 2 mL of water, corresponding to the dosage of 50 ng/kg of body weight/ day respectively. Caffeine was added to the diet at doses of 0%,1%,1,5% and 2%, for the eight treatments (T1,T2,T3,T4,T5,T6,T7 and T8). For six weeks the animals were fed diet supplemented with caffeine and from the seventh week the groups T5,T6,T7,T8 also have started to consume aflatoxin. Animals were weight daily, at the end of the experiment, urine was collected and blood of animals to perform the clinical analysis of: creatinine and urea in the urine and blood samples ( serum) were used to determine the activity of hepatic transaminases, aspartate amino transferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase(ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase animal (GGT).All animals were sacrificed and autopsied at the end of experiment. The developments of damage to the kidneys, heart, lung and liver were verified, through histological slides.The percentage data were compared by Tukey at 5% probability.The concentrations of ALT, urea(U) and creatinine of the animals that have confirmed the toxicity of OTA mycotoxin in the renal system. The hispatological slides, show that aflatoxin caused damage to the kidneys. Caffeine in doses of 2% was able to control the action of the mycotoxin.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Café, Micotoxinas, análises clínicas, Coffee, Mycotoxin, Clinical Analysis
Citação
Abreu, Priscilla Silva; Goulart, Patrícia F. P.; Oliveira, Roseane M. E.; Pimenta, Carlos J.; Reis, Tatiana Abreu; Alves, Ademir F.; Licas, Taíse A. C. Ingestão de cafeína como agente bioprotetor em relação aos danos causados pela aflatoxina B1 em ratos wistar. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 4p.