Cultivo, encapsulação e estabilidade de um agente bioprotetor da qualidade do café
Data
2011-02-25
Autores
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
O presente estudo visou o desenvolvimento de tecnologias para permitir a utilização prática de um agente bioprotetor da qualidade do café, o Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries. Para tanto, estudou-se novos métodos de cultivo, formulação e secagem buscando maior vida útil, praticidade, e proteção do agente bioprotetor durante sua estocagem, aplicação e desenvolvimento no campo. A pesquisa foi dividida em três ensaios: no ensaio 1, estudou-se o cultivo do microrganismo em meio semissólido; no ensaio 2, estudou-se a imobilização utilizando diferentes formulações em dois métodos de secagem (liofilização e estufa); e o ensaio 3, avaliou-se a vida de prateleira das formulações obtidas no ensaio 2 testada de duas formas distintas, com ou sem mistura de sais (adubo foliar). O método de cultivo empregado apresentou elevado rendimento de esporos por litro (1,81x1011esporos/L), entretanto o tempo de cultivo foi relativamente alto. A extração de esporos do arroz em meio líquido mostrou-se uma técnica promissora para elaboração de formulações com concentrações específicas. As formulações obtidas apresentaram alta resistência ao processo de secagem por liofilização, com destaque para a formulação 4 a base de Vixil S, glicerol e leite em pó desnatado, que não apresentou perdas significativas. O processo de secagem em estufa a 35°C foi inadequado para a secagem das matrizes em forma de gel, causando 100% de inativação celular. Ao final dos períodos de armazenamento estudados todas as formulações não diferiram estatisticamente quanto à viabilidade, o que pode estar relacionado ao aumento expressivo do teor de umidade em todas as formulações ao longo do tempo. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa confirmam que o método utilizado na secagem das matrizes de imobilização é tão importante quanto os materiais de imobilização para promover proteção ao agente bioprotetor da qualidade do café. Observou-se através da caracterização morfológica das matrizes por microscopia eletrônica de varredura que o encapsulamento produz uma matriz sólida com as hifas e esporos imobilizados no interior dos grânulos.
This study aimed to develop technologies to allow the practical use of an agent bioprotector of quality coffee, Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries. To this end, It was studied new methods of cultivation, formulation and drying seeking greater shelf life, practicality, and protection of the agent bioprotector during storage, application and development in the field. The research was divided into three tests: test 1, was studied the cultivation of microorganisms in semi-solid, in experiment 2, was studied the immobilization using different formulations of two drying methods (freeze drying and kiln drying); and testing 3, was evaluated the shelf life of formulations obtained in experiment 2 tested of two different forms, with or without salts (foliar fertilizer). The cultivation method used showed a high yield of spores per liter (1.81 x 1011esporos/L), but the time of planting was relatively high. The extraction of spores of rice in liquid proved a promising technique for preparation of formulations with specific concentrations. The formulations obtained showed high resistance to freeze-drying process with emphasis on the formulation of the base 4 Vixil S, glycerol and skimmed milk powder, which showed no significant losses. The process of kiln drying at 35 ° C was unsuitable for drying gel matrices, causing 100% cell inactivation. At the end of the storage periods studied all the formulations did not differ according to its viability, which may be related to the significant increase in moisture content in all formulations over time. The results of this study confirm that the method used for drying the immobilization of matrix is as important as the materials of immobilization to promote the protection of the agent bioprotector of quality coffee.It was observed by morphological characterization of the matrix by scanning electron microscopy that the encapsulation produces a solid matrix with hyphae and spores immobilized inside the granules.
This study aimed to develop technologies to allow the practical use of an agent bioprotector of quality coffee, Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries. To this end, It was studied new methods of cultivation, formulation and drying seeking greater shelf life, practicality, and protection of the agent bioprotector during storage, application and development in the field. The research was divided into three tests: test 1, was studied the cultivation of microorganisms in semi-solid, in experiment 2, was studied the immobilization using different formulations of two drying methods (freeze drying and kiln drying); and testing 3, was evaluated the shelf life of formulations obtained in experiment 2 tested of two different forms, with or without salts (foliar fertilizer). The cultivation method used showed a high yield of spores per liter (1.81 x 1011esporos/L), but the time of planting was relatively high. The extraction of spores of rice in liquid proved a promising technique for preparation of formulations with specific concentrations. The formulations obtained showed high resistance to freeze-drying process with emphasis on the formulation of the base 4 Vixil S, glycerol and skimmed milk powder, which showed no significant losses. The process of kiln drying at 35 ° C was unsuitable for drying gel matrices, causing 100% cell inactivation. At the end of the storage periods studied all the formulations did not differ according to its viability, which may be related to the significant increase in moisture content in all formulations over time. The results of this study confirm that the method used for drying the immobilization of matrix is as important as the materials of immobilization to promote the protection of the agent bioprotector of quality coffee.It was observed by morphological characterization of the matrix by scanning electron microscopy that the encapsulation produces a solid matrix with hyphae and spores immobilized inside the granules.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Crioproteção, Vida de prateleira, Solubilidade
Citação
TAVARES, L. S. Cultivo, encapsulação e estabilidade de um agente bioprotetor da qualidade do café. 2011. 76 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Ciência dos Alimentos) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2011.