Uso da espectrometria de massas com ionização por eletrospray no estudo da influência da irrigação e da resistência ao fungo Hemileia vastatrix BerK. Et Br. em grãos verdes de Coffea arabica
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2018-03-05
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Resumo
O crescimento das zonas agrícolas de café irrigado e o desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias vem proporcionando o aumento da produtividade e qualidade do produto final. Entretanto, uma modelagem precisa da influência da irrigação sobre as altera- ções químicas do café arábica é limitada. Neste estudo, foram analisadas por espec- trometria de massas com ionização por eletrospray por infusão direta (EM-IES), dez diferentes variedades de Coffea arabica L., cultivadas sob regimes distintos de água (irrigado e sequeiro). Os principais constituintes identificados nos extratos metanólicos dos grãos verdes, nos modos positivo e negativo, foram: colina; trigonelina; sacarose; β N-araquinoil-5-hidroxitriptamida; β N-behenoil-5-hidroxitriptamida; palmitoil-linoleoil (PL); dilinoleoil (LL); dipalmitoil-linoleoil (PPL); palmitoil-dilinoleoil (PLL), ácido quínico, ácido cafeoilquínico, ácido dicafeoilquínico e três novos compostos identificados pela primeira vez na matriz café verde: triacilglicerol (TG, 54:6), fosfoetanolamina (PE, 40:7) e 1-hexadecil-2-dodecanoil-glicero-3-fosfato. Foi possível classificar eficiente- mente os grupos de cafés irrigado e de sequeiro a 95% de confiança, usando PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis), a fim de se obter todos os requisitos mínimos para a avaliação da eficiência do modelo de classificação dos cafés. A Sa- carose (íon m/z 381) e o íon m/z 431 (não identificado) sofreram uma influência nega- tiva da irrigação, enquanto a trigonelina (íon m/z 138 e íon m/z 176) e o íon m/z 723 (não identificado) foram correlacionados positivamente com a irrigação. O teste de xícaras mostrou que o café cultivado em regime de sequeiro apresentou notas de classificação ligeiramente maiores que as observadas no café cultivado sob irrigação, provavelmente por apresentarem maior teor de sacarose. Adicionalmente, foi avaliada a influência da resistência das variedades estudadas ao fungo Hemileia vastatrix BerK. Et Br. na composição química dos grãos verdes. Observou-se que o perfil quí- mico dos grãos das variedades resistentes não muda consideravelmente do perfil das variedades suscetíveis.
The growth of irrigated coffee farming areas and the development of new technologies comes providing increased productivity and quality of the final product. However, a precise modelling of irrigation influence on the chemical changes of the Arabica coffee is limited. In this study, were analyzed by direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), ten different varieties of Coffea arabica L., cultivated under distinct water regimes (irrigated and not-irrigated). The major constituents identified in the methanolic extracts of green beans, in positive and negative modes, were: choline; trigonelline; sucrose; β N-arachinoyl-5-hidroxytryptamide; β N-behenoyl-5-hidroxytryp- tamide; palmitoyl-linoleoyl (PL); dilinoleoyl (LL); dipalmitoyl-linoleoyl (PPL); palmitoyl- dilinoleoyl (PLL), quinic acid, cafeoilquinic acid, dicafeoilquinic acid and three new compounds identified for the first time in the green coffee matrix: triacylglycerol (TG 54:6), phosphoethanolamine (PE, 40:7) and 1-hexadecyl-2-dodecanoyl-glycero-3- phosphate. It was possible to efficiently sort the groups of irrigated and non-irrigated at 95% of confidence using PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis), in order to obtain all the minimum requirements for evaluation of efficiency of the rating model of coffees. The sucrose (ion m/z 381) and the ion m/z 431 (not identified) suf- fered a negative influence of irrigation, while trigonelline (ion m/z 138 and ion m/z 176) and the ion m/z 723 (not identified) were correlated positively with irrigation. The cup test showed that the coffees cultivated in not-irrigated regime had slightly larger cup- ping notes that the ones cultivated under irrigation, probably because they presented higher sucrose content. Additionally, it was evaluated the influence of resistance of studied varieties to the fungus Hemileia vastatrix BerK. Et Br. on chemical composition of green beans. It was observed that the chemical profile of grains of resistant varieties does not change significantly from profile of susceptible varieties.
The growth of irrigated coffee farming areas and the development of new technologies comes providing increased productivity and quality of the final product. However, a precise modelling of irrigation influence on the chemical changes of the Arabica coffee is limited. In this study, were analyzed by direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), ten different varieties of Coffea arabica L., cultivated under distinct water regimes (irrigated and not-irrigated). The major constituents identified in the methanolic extracts of green beans, in positive and negative modes, were: choline; trigonelline; sucrose; β N-arachinoyl-5-hidroxytryptamide; β N-behenoyl-5-hidroxytryp- tamide; palmitoyl-linoleoyl (PL); dilinoleoyl (LL); dipalmitoyl-linoleoyl (PPL); palmitoyl- dilinoleoyl (PLL), quinic acid, cafeoilquinic acid, dicafeoilquinic acid and three new compounds identified for the first time in the green coffee matrix: triacylglycerol (TG 54:6), phosphoethanolamine (PE, 40:7) and 1-hexadecyl-2-dodecanoyl-glycero-3- phosphate. It was possible to efficiently sort the groups of irrigated and non-irrigated at 95% of confidence using PLS-DA (Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis), in order to obtain all the minimum requirements for evaluation of efficiency of the rating model of coffees. The sucrose (ion m/z 381) and the ion m/z 431 (not identified) suf- fered a negative influence of irrigation, while trigonelline (ion m/z 138 and ion m/z 176) and the ion m/z 723 (not identified) were correlated positively with irrigation. The cup test showed that the coffees cultivated in not-irrigated regime had slightly larger cup- ping notes that the ones cultivated under irrigation, probably because they presented higher sucrose content. Additionally, it was evaluated the influence of resistance of studied varieties to the fungus Hemileia vastatrix BerK. Et Br. on chemical composition of green beans. It was observed that the chemical profile of grains of resistant varieties does not change significantly from profile of susceptible varieties.
Descrição
Dissertação de mestrado defendida no Instituto de Química - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
Palavras-chave
Química, Irrigação, Análise
Citação
MACHADO, L. B. Uso da espectrometria de massas com ionização por eletrospray no estudo da influência da irrigação e da resistência ao fungo Hemileia vastatrix BerK. Et Br. em grãos verdes de Coffea arabica. 2018. 96 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia. 2018.