Variabilidade espacial de macronutrientes em uma lavoura de café conilon no norte do Espírito Santo
Data
2015-07
Autores
Santos, Eduardo Oliveira de Jesus
Gontijo, Ivoney
Silva, Marcelo Barreto da
Drumond Neto, Antônio Pereira
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal do Ceará
Resumo
Os solos do Estado do Espírito Santo apresentam baixa fertilidade natural, que frequentemente limita a produção das lavouras devido às deficiências de alguns elementos. No entanto, os mesmos apresentam alto potencial de produção agrícola quando são sanadas as limitações químicas presentes. Objetivou-se no presente estudo descrever a variabilidade espacial dos macronutrientes cálcio (Ca), magnésio (Mg), fósforo (P) e potássio (K) em uma lavoura de café conilon (Coffea canephora Pierre) localizada na área rural do município de São Mateus, ES. O experimento foi conduzido em uma lavoura, plantada com espaçamento 1,8 x 1,0 m (5.555 plantas ha-1 ). Foi considerada uma malha quadrangular de 61,6 x 20,0 m (1.232 m2 ) com 60 pontos de amostragem, distanciados de 5,6 m entrelinhas e 5,0 m na linha de plantio. Em cada ponto da malha amostral foram coletadas amostras de solo, na profundidade de 0,0-0,20 m. Todos os macronutrientes em estudo apresentaram dependência espacial forte. O maior alcance de dependência espacial foi para o Mg (32,4 m) e o menor para o Ca (8,1 m). O estudo da variabilidade espacial dos atributos químicos do solo pela geoestatística, utilizando a krigagem, mostrou-se uma importante ferramenta na compreensão da distribuição espacial dos macronutrientes no solo, podendo ser fundamental no auxílio à tomada de decisão que vise atender a exigência nutricional da lavoura do café conilon.
The soils in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil (ES) display low natural fertility, which often limits the production of the crops due to the deficiency of some elements. However, they have a high potential for agricultural production when the chemical limitations which are present are overcome. The aim of this study was to describe the spatial variability of the macronutrients calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in a crop of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) located in the rural area of the city of São Mateus, ES. The experiment was carried out on a crop, planted at a spacing of 1.8 x 1.0 m (5,555 plants ha-1 ). A rectangular grid of 61.6 x 20.0 m (1,232 m2 ) was considered, with 60 sampling points, spaced 5.6 m apart between rows and 5.0 m within each crop row. At each point in the sampling grid, soil samples were collected at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m. All the macronutrients under study displayed a strong spatial dependence. The greatest range of spatial dependence was observed for Mg (32.4 m) and the smallest for Ca (8.1 m). Study of the spatial variability of the chemical properties of the soil by geostatistics, using kriging, proved to be an important tool in understanding the spatial distribution of macronutrients in the soil, and may be crucial in aiding the decision making that helps to attend the nutritional requirements of the conilon coffee crop.
The soils in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil (ES) display low natural fertility, which often limits the production of the crops due to the deficiency of some elements. However, they have a high potential for agricultural production when the chemical limitations which are present are overcome. The aim of this study was to describe the spatial variability of the macronutrients calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in a crop of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora Pierre) located in the rural area of the city of São Mateus, ES. The experiment was carried out on a crop, planted at a spacing of 1.8 x 1.0 m (5,555 plants ha-1 ). A rectangular grid of 61.6 x 20.0 m (1,232 m2 ) was considered, with 60 sampling points, spaced 5.6 m apart between rows and 5.0 m within each crop row. At each point in the sampling grid, soil samples were collected at a depth of 0.00-0.20 m. All the macronutrients under study displayed a strong spatial dependence. The greatest range of spatial dependence was observed for Mg (32.4 m) and the smallest for Ca (8.1 m). Study of the spatial variability of the chemical properties of the soil by geostatistics, using kriging, proved to be an important tool in understanding the spatial distribution of macronutrients in the soil, and may be crucial in aiding the decision making that helps to attend the nutritional requirements of the conilon coffee crop.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Geoestatística, Atributos químicos, Coffea canephora
Citação
SANTOS, E. O. J. et al. Variabilidade espacial de macronutrientes em uma lavoura de café conilon no norte do Espírito Santo. Revista Ciência Agronômica, Fortaleza, v. 46, n. 3, p. 469-476, jul.-set., 2015.