Influências ambientais no rendimento intrínseco do café
Data
2005-01
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Instituto Agronômico (IAC)
Resumo
Estudou-se a influência de alguns fatores ambientais no Rendimento Intrínseco (RI) do café, relação percentual entre a massa de dois grãos normais tipo chato e a do respectivo fruto que os contêm. Verificaram-se decréscimos até de 18% nos valores de RI de frutos entre os estádios de maturação de verde a passa, e em sete localidades diferentes ocorreram variações significativas até de 12%. Em dois locais diferentes no mesmo município, o RI variou até em 6%, tendo sido observadas diferenças de 2% entre quatro lotes diferentes de um mesmo local. Em um mesmo lote experimental observaram-se diferenças até em 3,7% no RI de diferentes plantas da mesma cultivar. Variações de altitude até de 330 m, na mesma localidade, correlacionaram-se positivamente com variações até em 4,4% no RI. Quanto à influência da posição dos frutos na planta, verificou-se que o RI diminui, até em 4,4% à medida que os frutos se afastam do ramo ortotrópico, em 1,5% na exposição Leste e em 0,5% nas posições superiores e medianas da planta. Pelos resultados, verifica-se considerável influência ambiental afetando essa característica. Para fins de melhoramento genético, a seleção, para a característica RI, deve ser realizada com base em amostras padronizadas quanto à maturação, posição na planta e representar pelo menos dez plantas de progênies uniformes avaliadas no mesmo lote experimental.
It was studied the influence of several environmental factors on the intrinsic outturn (RI) of coffee, ratio between the weight of two flat beans and the respective fruit containing them. The RI decreased up to 18% in fruits from unripe (green) to overripe (raising) stage. In seven localities evaluated fruit RI's varied up to 12%. In two different sites of the same locality variation on RI up to 6% was observed. It was observed a difference of 2% among four experimental plots in the same site. Plants of the same cultivar grown in a single experimental plot displayed RI with differences up to 3,7%. In the same locality variations up to 330 meters in altitude were positively correlated with variations up to 4,4% in the RI. Regarding to the influence of the fruit position within the plant it was observed that RI decreased, up to 4,4% if the fruits are located farther from the orthotropic branch, 1,5% in the East side and 0,5% at the middle and upper parts of the plants. The results pointed out that there are considerable environmental influences on the intrinsic outturn of coffee. For breeding purposes, selection for higher RI's must be based on standard sampling as to ripening stage, position in the plant, and be representative of at least 10 plants of uniform progenies evaluated in the same experimental plot.
It was studied the influence of several environmental factors on the intrinsic outturn (RI) of coffee, ratio between the weight of two flat beans and the respective fruit containing them. The RI decreased up to 18% in fruits from unripe (green) to overripe (raising) stage. In seven localities evaluated fruit RI's varied up to 12%. In two different sites of the same locality variation on RI up to 6% was observed. It was observed a difference of 2% among four experimental plots in the same site. Plants of the same cultivar grown in a single experimental plot displayed RI with differences up to 3,7%. In the same locality variations up to 330 meters in altitude were positively correlated with variations up to 4,4% in the RI. Regarding to the influence of the fruit position within the plant it was observed that RI decreased, up to 4,4% if the fruits are located farther from the orthotropic branch, 1,5% in the East side and 0,5% at the middle and upper parts of the plants. The results pointed out that there are considerable environmental influences on the intrinsic outturn of coffee. For breeding purposes, selection for higher RI's must be based on standard sampling as to ripening stage, position in the plant, and be representative of at least 10 plants of uniform progenies evaluated in the same experimental plot.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coffea arabica, Beneficiamento, Relação grãos/fruto coco, Renda
Citação
GASPARI-PEZZOPANE, C. et al. Influências ambientais no rendimento intrínseco do café. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 64, n. 1, p. 39-50, Jan./Mar. 2005.