Desenvolvimento de mudas de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) na presença de Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall e Rhizoctonia solani, Kuhn
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Data
1994
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar sob condlções de casa-de-vegetação. o efeito da associação micorrízica vesicular
arbuscular, formada por Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall em mudas de cafeeiro inoculadas com Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, em
diferentes doses de substrato fumigado e não fumigado com superfosfato simples. Foram realizados dois ensaios com diferentes dosagens de superfosfato simples, sendo o primeiro ensaio com 1 kg/m3 e o segundo com 4 kg/m3. As plântulas foram conduzidas em germinadores de alvenaria, contendo areia como substrato, até o estádio "palito de fósforo", posteriormente foram uniformizadas e repicadas para os recipientes plásticos, simultaneamente à inoculação do fungo micorrizico. Realizou-se a inoculação de R. solani, 60 dias após o transplantio, quando mais de 80% das plantas já apresentavam o primeiro par de folhas. A avaliação final foi efetuada aos 6 meses após o transplantio das mudas, considerando as características: altura, peso fresco e seco de raíz e parte aérea, teores de P na parte aérea, taxa de colonização micorrizica e reação do hospedeiro à R. solani. Pelos resultados obtidos no primeiro ensaio, observou-se que as mudas apesar de colonizadas com uma taxa média de 32,22% não diferiram em nenhuma das características avaliadas, entretanto verificou-se menores valores de altura, peso seco e fresco de raiz e parte aérea para mudas não micorrizadas e inoculadas com R. solani em solo fumigado. A análise de variância mostrou que a Rhizoctonia solani reduziu significativamente o lndice de sobrevivência das mudas de cafeeiro, nas duas dosagens testadas. No segundo ensaio verificou-se maior desenvolvimento das mudas micorrizadas, que superaram as não micorrizadas mesmo na presença do patógeno.
This work was carried out in order to observe the results in association vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae formed by Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall in seedling of coffee inoculate with Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn in fumigated substrate and not fumigated substrate with distinct dosages of superfosphate simples. Two effecs tests were made with distinct dosages of superphosphate simples, the first one was made with 1 kg/m3 and another one with 4 kg/m3. The seedlings of coffee developed in masonry germination with grit by substrate until the probation of "match". Later uniformed and transplanted to plastic recipients concurrent by inoculation mycorrhized fungi was realized the inoculation, of R. solani 60 days after the transplantig when more than 80% of plants haw already showed the first couple of leaves. The avaliation was realized six months after the transplanting of the seedling. Height, freschweigh, dry weigh, of roots and air part, percentage of root colonization and reaction of host by R. solani was considerated. By the results observaded in the first effect test, the seedling. Althoug of the colonized by a meduim rate 32,22% did not show statistic different in no one caracteristics studied however lowers heights, dry weight on fresch of root end air plant of the plants no mycorrhized and inoculed with R. solani in fumigated substrate. The analyses showed the Rhizoctonia solani reduced meaningfuly the index of survival of the seedling of coffee in all the testes. By resultes observated in the second effect test showed bigger development of the seedling mycorrhized that overcome the not mycorrhized in presence of patogen.
This work was carried out in order to observe the results in association vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae formed by Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall in seedling of coffee inoculate with Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn in fumigated substrate and not fumigated substrate with distinct dosages of superfosphate simples. Two effecs tests were made with distinct dosages of superphosphate simples, the first one was made with 1 kg/m3 and another one with 4 kg/m3. The seedlings of coffee developed in masonry germination with grit by substrate until the probation of "match". Later uniformed and transplanted to plastic recipients concurrent by inoculation mycorrhized fungi was realized the inoculation, of R. solani 60 days after the transplantig when more than 80% of plants haw already showed the first couple of leaves. The avaliation was realized six months after the transplanting of the seedling. Height, freschweigh, dry weigh, of roots and air part, percentage of root colonization and reaction of host by R. solani was considerated. By the results observaded in the first effect test, the seedling. Althoug of the colonized by a meduim rate 32,22% did not show statistic different in no one caracteristics studied however lowers heights, dry weight on fresch of root end air plant of the plants no mycorrhized and inoculed with R. solani in fumigated substrate. The analyses showed the Rhizoctonia solani reduced meaningfuly the index of survival of the seedling of coffee in all the testes. By resultes observated in the second effect test showed bigger development of the seedling mycorrhized that overcome the not mycorrhized in presence of patogen.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Café Mudas Tombamento Controle biológico Micorriza vesiculo-arbuscular Efeito em Rhizoctonia solani Fungos patogênicos, Coffee seedlings Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae Effects on Rhizoctonia solani Biological control
Citação
Pereira, Liliana Auxiliadora Avelar. Desenvolvimento de mudas de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica L.) na presença de Gigaspora margarita Becker & Hall e Rhizoctonia solani, Kuhn. Lavras : ESAL, 1994. 61p. : il. (Dissertação - mestrado em Agronomia, área de concentração: Fitossanidade, sub-área Fitopatologia) Orientador: Mário Sobral de Abreu