Influência da adubação potássica e da torra nos teores de aminas bioativas em café
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Data
2001
Autores
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Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Resumo
A influência da adubação potássica e do tipo de torra nos teores de aminas bioativas em café foi investigada. Coffea arabica L., variedade catuaí vermelho linhagem MG-99 com idade de seis anos, plantada no município de São Sebastião do Paraíso, Minas Gerais, foi adubada com cloreto e sulfato de potássio nas doses de 0 (controle) a 400 kg de K/ha. O café verde obtido foi submetido a dois tipos de torra - americana e francesa. As amostras foram analisadas quanto aos teores de aminas bioativas. As amostras de café torrado foram também analisadas quanto ao conteúdo de água, atividade de água e características de cor CIE L*, a* e b*. No café verde, os teores totais de aminas variaram de 1,80 a 4,38 mg/100g. A amina predominante foi a putrescina, seguida da serotonina, espermina e espermidina. A adubação com cloreto de potássio afetou de forma significativa os teores de putrescina, sendo que um aumento na concentraçäo de cloreto de potássio causou uma diminuição nos teores de putrescina no grão de café. O conteúdo de água das amostras variaram de 2,90 a 4,49 g/100 g e a atividade de água de 0,31 a 0,45, não havendo diferença significativa entre os tipos de torra. Entretanto, o tipo de torra afetou de forma significativa as características de cor: a torra americana produziu grãos mais claros, maiores intensidades de vermelho e de amarelo. Durante a torra houve redução significativa nos teores totais de aminas, com perda total de putrescina e de espermina e formação de agmatina. O café torrado ficou caracterizado pela presença de três aminas, sendo serotonina a predominante, seguida da espermidina e da agmatina. Foi observada correlação significativa entre as doses de cloreto de potássio utilizadas na adubação e os teores de espermidina nas amostras submetidas à torra americana e entre as doses de cloreto de potássio e os teores de
espermidina e de agmatina nas amostras submetidas à torra francesa.
The influence of potassium fertilization and roasting on the levels of bioactive amines in coffee was investigated. Coffea arabica L. variety "catuaí red line MG-99" (six years old) was cultivated in São Sebastião do Paraiso, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was fertilized with potassium chloride and potassium sulfate at levels of 0 (control) to 400 kg of K/ha. The green coffee was roasted by two different procedures - American and French. The samples were analyzed for bioactive amines. Roasted samples were also analyzed for moisture content, water activity and CIE L*, a* and b* color characteristics. Total amine levels in green coffee ranged from 1.80 to 4.38 mg/100 g. The predominant amine was putrescine, followed by serotonine, spermine and spermidine. Fertilization with potassium chloride affected significantly putrescine levels. An increase in the levels of the potassium chloride caused a decrease in putrescine in the coffee beans. The different types of roasting did not affect water content and water activity, which varied from 2.90 to 4.49 g/100 g and 0.31 to 0.45, respectively. However, the type of roasting affected significantly color characteristics: American roasted samples produced lighter grains with higher intensities of red and of yellow. During roasting, there was a significant decrease in total amines levels with total loss of putrescine and spermine and formation of agmatine. Roasted coffee was characterized by the presence of three amines, with predominance of serotonine followed by spermidine and agmatine. There was significant correlation between the levels of potassium chloride and the levels of spermidine in samples submitted to American roasting and between levels of potassium chloride and the levels of spemidine and agmatine in samples submitted to French roasting.
The influence of potassium fertilization and roasting on the levels of bioactive amines in coffee was investigated. Coffea arabica L. variety "catuaí red line MG-99" (six years old) was cultivated in São Sebastião do Paraiso, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It was fertilized with potassium chloride and potassium sulfate at levels of 0 (control) to 400 kg of K/ha. The green coffee was roasted by two different procedures - American and French. The samples were analyzed for bioactive amines. Roasted samples were also analyzed for moisture content, water activity and CIE L*, a* and b* color characteristics. Total amine levels in green coffee ranged from 1.80 to 4.38 mg/100 g. The predominant amine was putrescine, followed by serotonine, spermine and spermidine. Fertilization with potassium chloride affected significantly putrescine levels. An increase in the levels of the potassium chloride caused a decrease in putrescine in the coffee beans. The different types of roasting did not affect water content and water activity, which varied from 2.90 to 4.49 g/100 g and 0.31 to 0.45, respectively. However, the type of roasting affected significantly color characteristics: American roasted samples produced lighter grains with higher intensities of red and of yellow. During roasting, there was a significant decrease in total amines levels with total loss of putrescine and spermine and formation of agmatine. Roasted coffee was characterized by the presence of three amines, with predominance of serotonine followed by spermidine and agmatine. There was significant correlation between the levels of potassium chloride and the levels of spermidine in samples submitted to American roasting and between levels of potassium chloride and the levels of spemidine and agmatine in samples submitted to French roasting.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
Palavras-chave
Café Adubação Potássio Aminas ativas, Coffee Fertilization Potassium Bioactive amines
Citação
Cirilo, Marcos Paulo Gomes. Influência da adubação potássica e da torra nos teores de aminas bioativas em café. Belo Horizonte : UFMG, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2001. 100p. : il. (Dissetação - mestrado em Ciência de Alimentos) Orientador: Maria Beatriz Abreu Glória