Influência de níveis de produção sobre a evolução da ferrugem e a composição química das folhas do cafeeiro
Arquivos
Data
1991
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
Com a finalldade de conhecer o efeito das cargas pendentes sobre o desenvolvimento da ferrugem do cafeeiro, foram
reallzados dois ensaios instalados no municipio de Machado-MG, no periodo de 1989 a 1991. No primeiro ensaio estudou-se o
desenvolvimento da ferrugem do cafeeiro com O (zero), 50 e 100% de frutos, em duas épocas de desbaste. Verificou-se que em
cafeeiros com 100% de carga pendente, o índice de ferrugem foi 62.23% superior que em cafeeiros sem produção, Quando fez o desbaste dos frutos em abril, a produçao já havia predisposto os cafeeiros, resultando em um índice de ferrugem siqnificatlvamente maior em relação ao desbaste realizado em dezembro. No segundo ensaio estudou-se os compostos foliares do cafeeiro, em função dos nrveis de produção, duas épocas de desbaste e três estáqios de desenvolvimento dos frutos. Os teores dos compostos foliares. nitrogênio, potássio, boro, fenólicos, enzimas polifenloxidase e peroxidase. açucares e amido. celulose e hemicelulose, foram determinados e correlacionados com o índice de ferrugem. Os teores de nitrogênio das folhas apresentaram-se em niveis normais para a cultura, embora tenha sido observada uma correlação negativa com os indices de ferrugem. Os teores de potássio e boro, em geral, ficaram abaixo dos níveis considerados normais para a cultura. Não houve correlação significativa entre o boro e o indice de ferrugem. Ocorreu uma relação inversa entre o potássio e o índice de ferrugem, indicando que o baixo teor desse elemento nas folhas, pode ter favorecido o desenvolvimento da doença. Os compostos fenólicos e as enzimas polifenoloxidase e peroxidase. apresentaram correlações positivas com os índices de
ferrugem. aumentando na presença de índices mais altos da doença. Entre os carbohidratos, as relações inversas entre os açúcares não redutores e os índices de ferrugem, sugerem um possível consumo desses açúcares pelo fungo. Não houve correlação entre açúcares redutores, celulose. hemicelulose e índice de ferrugem.
Two field trials were carried out in Machado county, State of Minas Gerais from 1989 to 1991 having the purpose of knowing the effect of berry yield on the evolution of coffee rust. In the first trial I studied the effect of rust development on coffee plants with 0 (zero), 50%, and 100% berries, in two pruning periods. It was noticed that in coffee plants with 100% of berries rust was 62.23% higher than in plants with no berries. When berry pruning was done in April, yield had already predispose the plants to rust thus resulting in significantly higher rust occurrence than on plants pruned in December. In the second trial I studied leaf compounds in relation to the levels of production, two pruning times and three stages of berry development. Contents of the leaf compounds nitrogen, potassium, boron, phenols, poliphenoloxidase and peroxidase enzymes, sugars and starch, cellulose and hemicellulose were determined and correlated to rust occurrence. Leaves nitrogen content presented normal levels for the crop although it was negatively correlated with rust. Contents of potassium and boron, in general, was lower than the normal levels for the crop but no significant correlation between boron and rust occurrence was detected. On the other hand, an inverse relationship between potassium and rust occurrence was detected showing that low levels of this element in the leaves can favor the development of rust. Phenolic compounds and poliphenoloxidase and peroxidase enzymes presented positive correlations with rust occurrence. Concerning the carbohydrates, an inverse relationship between non-reducing sugars and rust suggested a consumption of these sugars by the fungus. No correlations between reducing sugars, cellulose, hemicellulose and rust occurrence was detected.
Two field trials were carried out in Machado county, State of Minas Gerais from 1989 to 1991 having the purpose of knowing the effect of berry yield on the evolution of coffee rust. In the first trial I studied the effect of rust development on coffee plants with 0 (zero), 50%, and 100% berries, in two pruning periods. It was noticed that in coffee plants with 100% of berries rust was 62.23% higher than in plants with no berries. When berry pruning was done in April, yield had already predispose the plants to rust thus resulting in significantly higher rust occurrence than on plants pruned in December. In the second trial I studied leaf compounds in relation to the levels of production, two pruning times and three stages of berry development. Contents of the leaf compounds nitrogen, potassium, boron, phenols, poliphenoloxidase and peroxidase enzymes, sugars and starch, cellulose and hemicellulose were determined and correlated to rust occurrence. Leaves nitrogen content presented normal levels for the crop although it was negatively correlated with rust. Contents of potassium and boron, in general, was lower than the normal levels for the crop but no significant correlation between boron and rust occurrence was detected. On the other hand, an inverse relationship between potassium and rust occurrence was detected showing that low levels of this element in the leaves can favor the development of rust. Phenolic compounds and poliphenoloxidase and peroxidase enzymes presented positive correlations with rust occurrence. Concerning the carbohydrates, an inverse relationship between non-reducing sugars and rust suggested a consumption of these sugars by the fungus. No correlations between reducing sugars, cellulose, hemicellulose and rust occurrence was detected.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Ferrugem do cafeeiro Café Composição química Doenças Controle, Coffee rust Chemical composition Disease control
Citação
Carvalho, Vicente Luiz de. Influência de níveis de produção sobre a evolução da ferrugem e a composição química das folhas do cafeeiro. Lavras : ESAL, 1991. 85p. : il. (Dissertação - mestrado em Agronomia, área de concentração: Fitossanidade) Orientador: Vânia Déa de Carvalho