Avaliação de linhagens de cafeeiros quanto à tolerância ao alumínio pelo método do papel-solução
Data
2000-07
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Editor
Instituto Agronômico (IAC)
Resumo
Dois experimentos foram desenvolvidos em germinador com o objetivo de se estabelecer um procedimento rápido para seleção de linhagens de cafeeiros tolerantes ao Al, determinar a concentração desse elemento na solução e avaliar a tolerância de 26 linhagens de café ao Al, utilizando o método do papel-solução. No primeiro experimento, sementes de duas linhagens de café foram postas a germinar em presença de diferentes concentrações de Al (0, 25, 35 e 65 mg.L-1) utilizando-se a técnica do papel-solução, e medindo-se o comprimento da raiz principal, após quarenta dias. A linhagem UFV 2237 mostrou-se mais sensível ao Al, comparada à UFV 3880, e a concentração de 35 mg.L-1 permitiu discriminar as linhagens quanto à tolerância. No segundo experimento, sementes de 26 linhagens de café foram colocadas para germinar na ausência e na presença de Al, na concentração de 45 mg.L-1 utilizando-se a técnica do papel-solução. O comprimento da raiz principal foi medido após quarenta e dois dias. As linhagens foram agrupadas em quatro classes de tolerância, pela análise de agrupamento, em função do percentual de redução no comprimento da raiz principal. A elevada diversidade genética apresentada pelas linhagens, quanto à tolerância ao Al, pode ser útil em programas de melhoramento do cafeeiro.
Two experimental trials have been carried out in germination chambers to check, at the seedling stage, coffee plant reaction to the presence of aluminum; the first has been set up to determine the Al concentration that would best differentiate the genotypes under study while, in the second, twenty-six genetic materials have been tested at the Al concentration previously defined, as to their reactions to the stress. In the first experiment, seeds of two genotypes (UFV 2237 and UFV 3880) were germinated in the presence of increasing Al levels (0, 25, 35 and 65 mg.L-1), using the solution-paper method, and lengths of primary roots measured after 40 days. The best differentiation was achieved at 35 mg.L-1 Al concentration, in which UFV 2237 revealed to be more sensitive than UFV 3880. In the second, also using the solution-paper method and a 45 mg.L-1 aluminum level, lengths of primary roots were measured after 42 days. The results allowed the classification of the twenty-six coffee genotypes into four different groups, based on primary root length percentage reductions, through Al reaction comparisons, for each genotype, in the presence and absence of stress. The high genetic diversity present strongly indicates the future success, in the selection for this character, in plant breeding programs.
Two experimental trials have been carried out in germination chambers to check, at the seedling stage, coffee plant reaction to the presence of aluminum; the first has been set up to determine the Al concentration that would best differentiate the genotypes under study while, in the second, twenty-six genetic materials have been tested at the Al concentration previously defined, as to their reactions to the stress. In the first experiment, seeds of two genotypes (UFV 2237 and UFV 3880) were germinated in the presence of increasing Al levels (0, 25, 35 and 65 mg.L-1), using the solution-paper method, and lengths of primary roots measured after 40 days. The best differentiation was achieved at 35 mg.L-1 Al concentration, in which UFV 2237 revealed to be more sensitive than UFV 3880. In the second, also using the solution-paper method and a 45 mg.L-1 aluminum level, lengths of primary roots were measured after 42 days. The results allowed the classification of the twenty-six coffee genotypes into four different groups, based on primary root length percentage reductions, through Al reaction comparisons, for each genotype, in the presence and absence of stress. The high genetic diversity present strongly indicates the future success, in the selection for this character, in plant breeding programs.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Alumínio, Tolerância, Técnica de seleção
Citação
BRACCINI, M. C. L.; MARTINEZ, H. E. P.; LUCCA E BRACCINI, A. Avaliação de linhagens de cafeeiros quanto à tolerância ao alumínio pelo método do papel-solução. Bragantia, Campinas, v. 59, n. 2, p. 221-226, Jul./Dez. 2000.