Avaliação de cultivares de café em solução nutritiva com diferentes niveis de nitrogênio e potássio
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Data
2007
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Resumo
Pesquisas com cafeeiro têm demonstrado que dentre os macronutrientes, o N e o K, são os mais exigidos. Uma alternativa visando reduzir o uso desses insumos seria a seleção e a obtenção de cultivares mais eficientes na absorção e no uso destes elementos. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento de seis cultivares de café cultivadas em solução nutritiva, em quatro combinações de níveis de N e K. Utilizou-se de delineamento em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial (6x4) , sendo seis cultivares de café, quatro ambientes de cultivo: níveis adequados de N e K (7,5 e 4,0 mmol/L, respectivamente); nível adequado de N e baixo de K (7,5 e 1,5 mmol/L); nível baixo de N e adequado de K (3,0 e 4,0 mmol/L) e níveis baixos de N e K (3,0 e 1,5 mmol/L), com três repetições. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída por um vaso com duas plantas, contendo 8 litros de solução nutritiva. Foram avaliadas as seguintes características: altura de planta, área foliar, peso de matéria seca de raiz, peso de matéria seca de parte aérea, peso de matéria seca total. Observou-se variabilidade genética entre as seis cultivares de café em resposta aos quatro ambientes de cultivo com diferentes combinações de N e K. As cultivares Catucaí 785/15, Araponga MG1 e Obatã IAC 1669/20, destacaram-se por apresentarem altos valores de área foliar, produção de matéria seca de parte aérea e total em função da disponibilidade de N e K. A maioria das cultivares avaliadas mostrou-se responsiva as variações nas disponibilidades de N e K. As cultivares San Ramon e São Bernardo apresentaram baixos valores para as características avaliadas e não foram responsivas as alterações nos níveis de N e K.
Researches with plant coffee have been demonstrating that among macronutrients, the N and the K are the more demanded. An alternative seeking to reduce the use of those nutritious it would be the selection and the obtaining of you cultivate more efficient in the absorption and in the use of these elements. The objective this work was evaluated the behavior of six coffee cultivars cultivated in nutrient solution, in the four of N and K of levels combinations. The experimental used design was the randomized blocks, in the factorial scheme (6x4) x 3, with six cultivars of coffee and four environment of cultivated: appropriate levels of N and K (7,5 and 4,0 mmol/L, respectively); appropriate level of N and low of K (7,5 and 1,5 mmol/L); low level of N and appropriate of K (3,0 and 4,0 mmol/L) and low levels of N and K (3,0 and 1,5 mmol/L), with three replications. Each experimental unit was constituted of one vase, contends 8 liters of nutrient solution. The following characteristics were evaluated: height of the plants, leaf area, weight of dry matter of root, weight of dry matter of aerial part, weight of dry matter complete. Genetic variability was observed among six cultivars of coffee in answer four environment of cultivated with different combinations of N and K. The Catucaí 785/15, Araponga MG1 and Obatã IAC 1669/20 cultivars, they stood out for showed highest values of leaf area, weight of dry matter of aerial part and weight of dry matter complete in function of the readiness of N and K. The cultivate majority evaluated was shown responsive the variations in the readiness of N and K. The San Ramon and São Bernardo cultivars presented smaller values for the characteristics evaluated and they were not responsive the alterations in the levels of N and K.
Researches with plant coffee have been demonstrating that among macronutrients, the N and the K are the more demanded. An alternative seeking to reduce the use of those nutritious it would be the selection and the obtaining of you cultivate more efficient in the absorption and in the use of these elements. The objective this work was evaluated the behavior of six coffee cultivars cultivated in nutrient solution, in the four of N and K of levels combinations. The experimental used design was the randomized blocks, in the factorial scheme (6x4) x 3, with six cultivars of coffee and four environment of cultivated: appropriate levels of N and K (7,5 and 4,0 mmol/L, respectively); appropriate level of N and low of K (7,5 and 1,5 mmol/L); low level of N and appropriate of K (3,0 and 4,0 mmol/L) and low levels of N and K (3,0 and 1,5 mmol/L), with three replications. Each experimental unit was constituted of one vase, contends 8 liters of nutrient solution. The following characteristics were evaluated: height of the plants, leaf area, weight of dry matter of root, weight of dry matter of aerial part, weight of dry matter complete. Genetic variability was observed among six cultivars of coffee in answer four environment of cultivated with different combinations of N and K. The Catucaí 785/15, Araponga MG1 and Obatã IAC 1669/20 cultivars, they stood out for showed highest values of leaf area, weight of dry matter of aerial part and weight of dry matter complete in function of the readiness of N and K. The cultivate majority evaluated was shown responsive the variations in the readiness of N and K. The San Ramon and São Bernardo cultivars presented smaller values for the characteristics evaluated and they were not responsive the alterations in the levels of N and K.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (5. : 2007 : Águas de Lindóia, SP). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa Café, 2007.
Palavras-chave
Café Cultivares Estresse nutricional Nitrogênio Potássio Solução nutritiva Coffea arabica, Coffee Cultivars Nutritional stress Nitrogen Potassium Nutrient solution Coffea arabica
Citação
Moura, Waldênia de M.; Lima, Paulo César de; Martinez, Hermínia E. P.; Paixão, Gilson P. da; Sano, Paula M.; Condé, Aurinelza B. T.; Pertel, Josete. Avaliação de cultivares de café em solução nutritiva com diferentes niveis de nitrogênio e potássio. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (5. : Águas de Lindóia, SP : 2007). Anais. Brasília, D.F. : Embrapa - Café, 2007. (1 CD-ROM), 4p.