INCIDÊNCIA DE BICHO-MINEIRO (Leucoptera coffeella) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYONETIIDAE) EM CAFEEIRO SUBMETIDO A DIFERENTES CRITÉRIOS DE IRRIGAÇÃO E DENSIDADES DE PLANTIO
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2009
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Resumo
O bicho-mineiro é uma das principais pragas da cultura do café, devido alcançar o nível de controle todo ano nas principais regiões produtoras. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a incidência de minas intactas de bicho- mineiro em cafeeiro (BMC) submetido a diferentes critérios de irrigação e densidade de plantio, ao longo de 12 meses, no município de Lavras, MG. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em esquema de parcelas subdivididas, com quatro repetições, utilizando-se a cultivar Rubi MG-1192. Os tratamentos constaram de quatro critérios de irrigação: (1) não irrigado; (2) irrigado três vezes por semana, com lâmina calculada através do balanço hídrico – efetuado pelo software IRRIPLUS®; (3) irrigado quando a tensão de água no solo atingiu 20kPa e (4) irrigado quando a tensão de água no solo atingiu 60kPa; em quatro densidades de plantio: (i) 2500 plantas ha-1 (4,0 x 1,0m), (ii) 3333 plantas ha-1 (3,0 x 1,0m), (iii) 5000 plantas ha-1 (2,0 x 1,0m), (iv) 10000 plantas ha-1 (2,0 x 0,5m). Os critérios de irrigação foram localizados nas subparcelas e as densidades de plantio nas parcelas. As avaliações da população do BMC foram realizadas mensalmente no período compreendido entre janeiro e dezembro de 2008, totalizando 12 avaliações. A avaliação das folhas com presença ou ausência de minas foi realizada pelo método não destrutivo, na própria planta, amostrando-se ao acaso, o 3o ou 4o par de folhas verdadeiras no terço médio das plantas em 10 plantas/parcela. Os dados foram agrupados de acordo com as estações do ano (primavera – setembro, outubro e novembro; verão – dezembro, janeiro e fevereiro; outono – março, abril e maio; inverno – junho, julho e agosto) e intervalos de temperatura (acima de 20°C – jan/fev/março/abr/out/nov/dez; e abaixo de 20°C – mai/jun/jul/ago/set). Pode-se concluir que a irrigação no período de avaliação, não influenciou a ocorrência de bicho-mineiro na lavoura. Entretanto, a plantas conduzidas em espaçamentos mais largos foram mais infestadas. Além disso, o bicho-mineiro ocorreu durante todo o ano, apresentando o maior pico de infestação na época seca do ano.
The leaf-miner is one of the main coffee crop pests due its reaching the control level across the year in the chief-coffee growing regions. The objective of this work was evaluating the incidence of intact mines of leaf-miner in coffee plant submitted to different irrigation and planting density criteria along 12 months in the town of Lavras, MG. the experiment was conducted in a experimental design in randomized blocks in split plot scheme with four replicates, by utilizing cultivar Rubi MG-1192. The treatments consisted of four criteria of irrigation: (1) non- irrigated; (2) irrigated three times a week, with the height calculated through the water balance – performed by the IRRIPLUS software; (3) irrigated when water tension in soil reaches 20kPa e (4) irrigated when soil water tension reaches 60kPa, in four planting densities: (i) 2,500 plants ha-1 (4.0 x 1.0m), (ii) 3,333 plants ha-1 (3.0 x 1.0m), (iii) 5,000 plants ha-1 (2.0 x 1.0m), (iv) 10,000 plants ha-1 (2.0 x 0.5m). The irrigation criteria are located in the subplots and planting densities in the plots. The evaluations of the population of the leaf-miner were performed monthly in the period comprehended between January and December de 2008, amounting to 12 evaluations. The evaluation of the leaves with either presence or absence of mines was performed by the non-destructive method in the plant itself, sampling at random, the 3rd or 4th pair of true leaves on the average part of the plants in 10 plants/plot. The data were grouped according to the seasons of the year (spring – September, October and November; summer – December, January and February; Fall – March, April and May; Winter – June, July and August) and ranges of temperature (above 20°C – Jan/Feb/Marc/Apr/Oct/Nov/Dec; and bellow 20°C – May/Jun/Jul/Aug/Sept). It follows that irrigation doe not influence the occurrence of leaf-miner in the crop. However, crops conducted in wider spacing favor the occurrence of that pest insect. In addition, the leaf-miner can occur throughout the year in the coffee-growing regions, presenting higher peak of infestation in the dry season of the year.
The leaf-miner is one of the main coffee crop pests due its reaching the control level across the year in the chief-coffee growing regions. The objective of this work was evaluating the incidence of intact mines of leaf-miner in coffee plant submitted to different irrigation and planting density criteria along 12 months in the town of Lavras, MG. the experiment was conducted in a experimental design in randomized blocks in split plot scheme with four replicates, by utilizing cultivar Rubi MG-1192. The treatments consisted of four criteria of irrigation: (1) non- irrigated; (2) irrigated three times a week, with the height calculated through the water balance – performed by the IRRIPLUS software; (3) irrigated when water tension in soil reaches 20kPa e (4) irrigated when soil water tension reaches 60kPa, in four planting densities: (i) 2,500 plants ha-1 (4.0 x 1.0m), (ii) 3,333 plants ha-1 (3.0 x 1.0m), (iii) 5,000 plants ha-1 (2.0 x 1.0m), (iv) 10,000 plants ha-1 (2.0 x 0.5m). The irrigation criteria are located in the subplots and planting densities in the plots. The evaluations of the population of the leaf-miner were performed monthly in the period comprehended between January and December de 2008, amounting to 12 evaluations. The evaluation of the leaves with either presence or absence of mines was performed by the non-destructive method in the plant itself, sampling at random, the 3rd or 4th pair of true leaves on the average part of the plants in 10 plants/plot. The data were grouped according to the seasons of the year (spring – September, October and November; summer – December, January and February; Fall – March, April and May; Winter – June, July and August) and ranges of temperature (above 20°C – Jan/Feb/Marc/Apr/Oct/Nov/Dec; and bellow 20°C – May/Jun/Jul/Aug/Sept). It follows that irrigation doe not influence the occurrence of leaf-miner in the crop. However, crops conducted in wider spacing favor the occurrence of that pest insect. In addition, the leaf-miner can occur throughout the year in the coffee-growing regions, presenting higher peak of infestation in the dry season of the year.
Descrição
Trabalho apresentado no Simpósio de Pesquisa dos Cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011
Palavras-chave
Insecta, Coffea arabica, fatores climáticos., Insecta, Coffea arabica, weather factors.
Citação
Assis, Gleice Aparecida; Moraes, Jair Campos; Scalco, Myriane Stella; Assis, Francisnely Aparecida. Incidência de bicho-mineiro (Leucoptera coffeella) (LEPIDOPTERA: LYONETIDAE) em cafeeiro submetido a diferentes critérios de irrigação e densidade de plantio. In: Simpósio de Pesquisa dos cafés do Brasil (6. : 2009 : Vitória, ES). Anais Brasília, D.F: Embrapa - Café, 2011 (1 CD-ROM), 5p.