Fertilización nitrogenada después de la poda del cafeto robusta en Cambisoles
Data
2011-08
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Editor
Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária - Embrapa
Resumo
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la influencia de la fertilización mineral nitrogenada, después de la poda del cafeto robusta, sobre la productividad del cultivo y algunos indicadores químicos (pH, materia orgánica) y microbiológicos (respiración biológica y nitrificación) de dos Cambisoles en Tercer Frente, Santiago de Cuba y La Alcarraza, Holguín, durante los años 2003–2007. Se estudió la respuesta a dosis crecientes de nitrógeno (0 hasta 400 kg ha ‐1 ), en presencia de un fondo fijo de P (50 kg ha ‐1 ) y K (160 kg ha ‐1 ), en un diseño experimental de bloques al azar, con cuatro réplicas. Para productividades entre 0,50 y 0,84 Mg ha ‐1 de café, son suficientes 75 kg ha ‐1 de N. Aplicaciones de 100 kg ha ‐1 de N permitieron productividades de 1,22 a 1,25 Mg ha ‐1 de café. Con dosis de 153 kg ha ‐1 de N, se logran producciones de 1,80 Mg ha ‐1 de café, mientras que para productividades superiores a 2 Mg ha ‐1 se necesita aplicar 200 kg ha ‐1 en ambos suelos. Se encontró un incremento importante en las productividades del cafeto por cada quilogramo de N aplicado, que osciló entre 2,13 y 7,80. Las dosis propuestas por sitio no afectaron la actividad microbiana y la materia orgánica de los suelos. Se encontró disminución del pH del suelo respecto a su estado inicial.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen mineral fertilization, after robusta coffee pruning, on crop yield and some chemical (pH, organic matter) and microbiological (biological gas exchange and nitrification) soil indicators in two Cambisols in Tercer Frente, Santiago de Cuba, and La Alcarraza, Holguín, during the years 2003–2007. The response to increasing doses of N (0 up to 400 kg ha ‐1 ), in the presence of fixed amounts of P (50 kg ha ‐1 ) and K (160 kg ha ‐1 ), was studied in a randomized block design with four replicates. To obtain coffee yields between 0.50 and 0.84 Mg ha ‐1 , 75 kg ha ‐1 N are sufficient. In both soils, applications of 100 kg ha ‐1 N allowed for coffee yields between 1.22 and 1.25 Mg ha ‐1 . With a dose of 153 kg ha ‐1 N, 1.80 Mg ha ‐1 coffee yields are obtained, whereas for yields higher than 2 Mg ha ‐1 , it is necessary to apply 200 kg ha ‐1 N. There was a significant coffee yield increment per each kilogram of N applied, which ranged from 2.13 to 7.80. The proposed doses per site did not affect the microbial activity or soil organic matter. There was a soil pH reduction compared to its initial stage.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen mineral fertilization, after robusta coffee pruning, on crop yield and some chemical (pH, organic matter) and microbiological (biological gas exchange and nitrification) soil indicators in two Cambisols in Tercer Frente, Santiago de Cuba, and La Alcarraza, Holguín, during the years 2003–2007. The response to increasing doses of N (0 up to 400 kg ha ‐1 ), in the presence of fixed amounts of P (50 kg ha ‐1 ) and K (160 kg ha ‐1 ), was studied in a randomized block design with four replicates. To obtain coffee yields between 0.50 and 0.84 Mg ha ‐1 , 75 kg ha ‐1 N are sufficient. In both soils, applications of 100 kg ha ‐1 N allowed for coffee yields between 1.22 and 1.25 Mg ha ‐1 . With a dose of 153 kg ha ‐1 N, 1.80 Mg ha ‐1 coffee yields are obtained, whereas for yields higher than 2 Mg ha ‐1 , it is necessary to apply 200 kg ha ‐1 N. There was a significant coffee yield increment per each kilogram of N applied, which ranged from 2.13 to 7.80. The proposed doses per site did not affect the microbial activity or soil organic matter. There was a soil pH reduction compared to its initial stage.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Coffea canephora, Materia orgánica, Nitrificación, Productividad, Respiración microbiana
Citação
DÍAZ, A. P. et al. Fertilización nitrogenada después de la poda del cafeto robusta en Cambisoles. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Brasília, v.46, n.8, p.935-943, ago. 2011