História de vida de Amblyseius compositus Denmark e Muma predando Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tenuipalpidae)
Data
2007-07
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Editor
Editora UFLA
Resumo
Ácaros predadores pertencentes à família Phytoseiidae, entre eles Amblyseius compositus Denmark & Muma, 1973, têm sido encontrados em cafeeiros (Coffea arabica L.) e fragmentos florestais a eles adjacentes na região de Lavras, MG, associados à Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Tenuipalpidae), vetor do vírus da mancha-anular. Foram estudados os aspectos biológicos, tabela de vida de fertilidade, atividade predatória e respostas funcional e numérica em função da densidade da presa B. phoenicis, em laboratório a 25 ± 2oC, 70 ± 10% de UR e 14 horas de fotofase. Foi constatada longevidade de 48 dias para as fêmeas adultas. A estimativa da capacidade inata de crescimento da população do predador (rm) foi 0,119 fêmeas/fêmea/dia e a duração média de uma geração (T) de 27,9 dias. A população dobrou a cada 5,8 dias. Em bioensaios, foram oferecidos 20 ácaros B. phoenicis por arena de folha de cafeeiro (3 cm de diâmetro), separadamente para um espécime de cada fase do ácaro predador, constatando-se que a fêmea foi a mais eficiente no consumo de todas as fases do desenvolvimento do ácaro-presa, embora a ninfa também tenha apresentado boa predação. Para o estudo das respostas funcional e numérica, a presa foi oferecida nas densidades de 0,14 a 42,3 imaturos de B. phoenicis por cm2 de arena, fases mais preferidas para predação. Constatou-se que a predação e a oviposição de A. compositus aumentam em função do aumento da densidade de presa, com correlação positiva e altamente significativa. Pelas análises de regressão realizadas, infere-se resposta funcional do tipo II, com predação máxima entre 30 e 35 B. phoenicis/cm2/fêmea.
Predatory mites belonging to the Phytoseiidae family, among them Amblyseius compositus Denmark & Muma, 1973, have been found in coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) and adjacent forest fragments in the area of Lavras, MG, Brazil, associated to the Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Tenuipalpidae), Which is the vector of the coffee ring spot virus. The biological aspects, fertility life table, predatory activity, and functional and numeric responses, in function of the prey B. phoenicis density, were studied in laboratory at 25 ± 2oC, 70 ± 10% of RH and 14 hours of photophase. A longevity of 48 days was verified for the adult females. The innate capacity of the predator population s growth (rm) was 0.119 females/female/day and the mean generation time (T) was 27.9 days. The population doubled every 5.8 days. In bioassays, 20 B. phoenicis mites per coffee leaf arena (3-cm diameter) were offered separately to a specimen of each phase of the predatory mite. It was verified that the female was the most efficient consumer in all development phases of the prey mite, although the nymph also presented good predation. To analyze functional and numeric responses, the prey was offered in densities from 0.14 to 42.3 immature B. phoenicis per cm2 of arena, the preferred phases for predation. The predatory activity and the oviposition of A. compositus increased according to the increase of prey density, in a positive and highly significant correlation. The regression analysis suggests a type II functional response with maximum predation between 30 and 35 B. phoenicis/cm2/female.
Predatory mites belonging to the Phytoseiidae family, among them Amblyseius compositus Denmark & Muma, 1973, have been found in coffee plants (Coffea arabica L.) and adjacent forest fragments in the area of Lavras, MG, Brazil, associated to the Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Tenuipalpidae), Which is the vector of the coffee ring spot virus. The biological aspects, fertility life table, predatory activity, and functional and numeric responses, in function of the prey B. phoenicis density, were studied in laboratory at 25 ± 2oC, 70 ± 10% of RH and 14 hours of photophase. A longevity of 48 days was verified for the adult females. The innate capacity of the predator population s growth (rm) was 0.119 females/female/day and the mean generation time (T) was 27.9 days. The population doubled every 5.8 days. In bioassays, 20 B. phoenicis mites per coffee leaf arena (3-cm diameter) were offered separately to a specimen of each phase of the predatory mite. It was verified that the female was the most efficient consumer in all development phases of the prey mite, although the nymph also presented good predation. To analyze functional and numeric responses, the prey was offered in densities from 0.14 to 42.3 immature B. phoenicis per cm2 of arena, the preferred phases for predation. The predatory activity and the oviposition of A. compositus increased according to the increase of prey density, in a positive and highly significant correlation. The regression analysis suggests a type II functional response with maximum predation between 30 and 35 B. phoenicis/cm2/female.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Biologia, Resposta funcional, Resposta numérica, Coffea arabica
Citação
REIS, P. R.; TEODORO, A. V.; PEDRO NETO, M. História de vida de Amblyseius compositus Denmark e Muma predando Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes) (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tenuipalpidae). Coffee Science, Lavras, v. 2, n. 2, p. 150-158, jul./dez. 2007.