Antimicrobial activity of toothpaste containing coffee pulp and silver skin and its effect on tooth hardness and roughness

Abstract

Coffee Pulp and silver skin contain compounds that alleged as anti-microbials, so they might be used as toothpaste. We made toothpaste from ethanol extract of Caffea robusta pulp and silver skin, then concentration were adjusted to 20; 30; 40 and 50%. Furthermore, they were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus sanguis and Candida albicans and its effect on tooth hardness and surface roughness. Antibacterial test used paper disc diffusion method, the parameter was the diameter of inhibition zone. Analysis of tooth hardness and surface roughness were conducted on extracted tooth (maxillary first premolars) after being brushing, using Rockwell Hardness Testing Machine (Mitutoyo, Brazil) and Surface Roughness Tester (Roughness Tester TR 220, Dongguan, China), respectively. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and LSD. Results showed that toothpaste containing coffee pulp and silver skin, both have demonstrated strong antibacterial activity against S. mutans, S. aureus, S. sanguis and C. albicans. There was no effect of the application of its toothpaste on tooth hardness and surface roughness. Conclusion, Toothpaste containing pulp and silver skin of Caffea robusta has strong inhibition against S. aureus, S. sanguis, C. albicans and does not affect the roughness and hardness of the tooth surface in vitro. So, pulp and silver skin of Caffea robusta can used as ingredient of toothpaste, either alone or in combination with two.