Fertilizantes, coberturas e condicionadores de solo no controle da cercosporiose do cafeeiro
Data
2017-04-25
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Editor
Universidade Federal de Lavras
Resumo
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar a influência de diferentes fertilizantes, coberturas mortas e condicionadores de solo no manejo do cafeeiro visando o controle da cercosporiose (Cercospora coffeicola) em mudas de cafeeiro (Coffea arabica), cultivar Mundo Novo 379-19, susceptível a cercosporiose. No experimento foram comparados três fatores: cobertura do solo com três níveis, adubação com dois níveis e condicionadores de solo com cinco níveis, envolvendo 30 tratamentos. Utilizou-se um delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições, totalizando- se 90 unidades experimentais. Os tratamentos foram alocados no campo, seguindo esquema de parcelas sub-subdivididas. Nas parcelas, foram atribuídos os três manejos do mato ou coberturas de solo (filme plástico, braquiária e solo exposto). Nas subparcelas, foram alocadas as duas adubações (formulado 20-00-20 e de liberação controlada). Nas sub-subparcelas, foram alocados os cinco condicionadores de solo (casca de café, gesso agrícola, polímero hidro retentor, composto orgânico e ausência de condicionador. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída de uma linha de seis plantas, sendo as quatro centrais consideradas úteis e as duas das extremidades como bordadura. Entre as parcelas, utilizou-se linhas com bordadura. A maior incidência da cercosporiose ocorreu em períodos de menor temperatura e pluviosidade e umidade relativa elevada. O tratamento com solo exposto aliado ao composto orgânico resultou menores médias de incidência (18,5%). A cobertura com filme plástico associado ao fertilizante de liberação controlada promoveram menores incidências (31,9%) quando comparado o filme plástico associado ao formulado 20-00-20 (37,4%) da doença. A cobertura do solo com braquiária apresentou maior severidade média (21,3%), ou seja, apresentou maior doença se comparado com outros manejos. A cobertura do solo com filme plástico promoveu maior crescimento vegetativo e enfolhamento, diluindo a doença, apesar da alta incidência.
This paper aims to study the influence of different fertilizers, dead coverages and soil conditioners on coffee management for the control of brown eye spot (Cercospora coffeicola) in coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings ‘‘Mundo Novo 379-19’’, susceptible to brown eye spot. In the experiment, three factors were compared: soil cover with three levels, fertilization with two levels and soil conditioners with five levels, involving 30 treatments. A randomized block delimitation with three replicates was used, totalizing 90 experimental units. The treatments were allocated in the field, following a scheme of sub-subdivided plots. In the plots, the three weed management or soil cover (plastic film, brachiaria and exposed soil) were attributed. In the subplots, the two fertilizations were allocated (formulated 20-00-20 and controlled release). In the sub-subplots, the five soil conditioners (coffee husk, agricultural plaster, hydro-retentive polymer, organic compost and absence of conditioner) were allocated. Each experimental unit was constituted of a line of six plants, the four central ones being considered useful and the two of the ends as border. Among the plots, bordered lines were used. The highest incidence of brown eye spot occurred in periods of lower temperature and rainfall and high relative humidity. Treatment with exposed soil allied to the organic compound resulted in lower averages incidence (18.5%). The plastic film coverage associated with the controlled release fertilizer promoted lower incidences (31.9%) when compared to the plastic film associated with the formulated 20-00-20 (37.4%) of the disease. Soil cover with brachiaria presented higher average severity (21.3%), that is, it presented a higher disease when compared to other treatments. The soil cover with plastic film promoted greater vegetative growth and leaves yield, diluting the disease, despite the high incidence.
This paper aims to study the influence of different fertilizers, dead coverages and soil conditioners on coffee management for the control of brown eye spot (Cercospora coffeicola) in coffee (Coffea arabica) seedlings ‘‘Mundo Novo 379-19’’, susceptible to brown eye spot. In the experiment, three factors were compared: soil cover with three levels, fertilization with two levels and soil conditioners with five levels, involving 30 treatments. A randomized block delimitation with three replicates was used, totalizing 90 experimental units. The treatments were allocated in the field, following a scheme of sub-subdivided plots. In the plots, the three weed management or soil cover (plastic film, brachiaria and exposed soil) were attributed. In the subplots, the two fertilizations were allocated (formulated 20-00-20 and controlled release). In the sub-subplots, the five soil conditioners (coffee husk, agricultural plaster, hydro-retentive polymer, organic compost and absence of conditioner) were allocated. Each experimental unit was constituted of a line of six plants, the four central ones being considered useful and the two of the ends as border. Among the plots, bordered lines were used. The highest incidence of brown eye spot occurred in periods of lower temperature and rainfall and high relative humidity. Treatment with exposed soil allied to the organic compound resulted in lower averages incidence (18.5%). The plastic film coverage associated with the controlled release fertilizer promoted lower incidences (31.9%) when compared to the plastic film associated with the formulated 20-00-20 (37.4%) of the disease. Soil cover with brachiaria presented higher average severity (21.3%), that is, it presented a higher disease when compared to other treatments. The soil cover with plastic film promoted greater vegetative growth and leaves yield, diluting the disease, despite the high incidence.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Lavras
Palavras-chave
Cobertura de solo, Cercosporiose, Eficiência no uso da água
Citação
LUZ, A. L. F. Fertilizantes, coberturas e condicionadores de solo no controle da cercosporiose do cafeeiro. 2017. 55 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitopatologia) - Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras. 2017.