Fatores de mortalidade natural de Coccus viridis em cafeeiro
Arquivos
Data
2009
Autores
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título de Volume
Editor
Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Resumo
Coccus viridis (Green) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccidae) é uma cochonilha praga do cafeeiro, sobretudo em locais sombreados e plantios adensados. Apesar da importância de C. viridis como praga do cafeeiro até o presente momento não se conhece a fase crítica do seu ciclo de vida nem o fator- chave de mortalidade que regula suas populações. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar os fatores de mortalidade natural de C. viridis no cafeeiro, bem como determinar a fase crítica e o fator-chave de mortalidade do seu ciclo de vida. As mortalidades e suas causas foram monitoradas diariamente nos estádios de desenvolvimento de C. viridis até que as cochonilhas se tornassem fêmeas reprodutivas. Foram construídas oito tabelas de vida ecológicas para C. viridis durante as estações dos anos de 2004 a 2006 em cafeeiro. A mortalidade total de C. viridis foi 96,08%, sendo que ocorreram 70,47; 54,16; 53,31 e 38,06% no primeiro, segundo e terceiro ínstares e na fase adulta. Os fatores de mortalidade de C. viridis foram chuva, parasitismo, predação, queda de folha e o fungo Lecanicillium lecanii. A predação foi importante em todos os estádios de C. viridis, com mortalidades marginais de 28,76; 23,31; 17,96 e 19,03%, para ninfas de primeiro, segundo, terceiro ínstar e adultos. Os estádios mais jovens de C. viridis foram mais afetados pelo parasitismo, com mortalidades de 31,86 (primeiro ínstar) e 25,16% (segundo ínstar). Já o fungo L. lecanii causou maiores mortalidades em estádios mais avançados de C. viridis, com 15,99 e 12,07%, nas ninfas de terceiro ínstar e adultos. A queda de folhas causou elevadas mortalidades durante todos os estádios imaturos de C. viridis, com mortalidades de 34,64; 11,91 e 15,99% para ninfas de primeiro, segundo e terceiro ínstares. O estádio crítico de mortalidade de C. viridis foi o de ninfas de segundo ínstar. O fatorchave de mortalidade foi a ação de parasitóides sobre ninfas de segundo ínstar, seguido pela mortalidade causada por queda das folhas e chuvas neste ínstar.
Coccus viridis (Green) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccidae) is insect pest of coffee, especially in stand density in plantations. Despite the importance of C. viridis as peste coffee at the moment do not know the critical stage of their life cycle and the key factor governing mortality of their populations. The aim of this study was to determine the factors of natural mortality of C. viridis in coffee as well as determine the critical stage and key factor of mortality of their life cycle. The mortality and its causes were monitored daily in the development stages of C. viridis until the scales become reproductive females. We constructed eight scales of ecological life to C. viridis during the years of 2004 to 2006 in coffee. The total mortality of C. viridis was 96.08% and 70.47 occurred, 54.16, 53.31 and 38.06% in the first, second and third instars and adulthood. The factors of mortality of C. viridis were rainfall, parasitism, predation, and drop-leaf fungus Lecanicillium lecanii. Predation is important in all stages of C. viridis, with marginal mortality 28.76, 23.31, 17.96 and 19.03% for nymphs of the first, second, third instar and adults. The younger stages of C. viridis were more affected by parasitism with mortality of 31.86 (first instar) and 25.16% (second instar). But the fungus L. lecanii caused higher mortality in more advanced stages of C. viridis, with 15.99 and 12.07% in the third instar nymphs and adults. The fall of leaves caused high mortality in all immature stages of C. viridis, with mortality of 34.64, 11.91 and 15.99% for nymphs of the first, second and third instars. The critical level of mortality of C. viridis was the second-instar nymphs. The key factor of mortality was the action of parasitoids on second-instar nymphs, followed by deaths caused by falling leaves and rain of this instar.
Coccus viridis (Green) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccidae) is insect pest of coffee, especially in stand density in plantations. Despite the importance of C. viridis as peste coffee at the moment do not know the critical stage of their life cycle and the key factor governing mortality of their populations. The aim of this study was to determine the factors of natural mortality of C. viridis in coffee as well as determine the critical stage and key factor of mortality of their life cycle. The mortality and its causes were monitored daily in the development stages of C. viridis until the scales become reproductive females. We constructed eight scales of ecological life to C. viridis during the years of 2004 to 2006 in coffee. The total mortality of C. viridis was 96.08% and 70.47 occurred, 54.16, 53.31 and 38.06% in the first, second and third instars and adulthood. The factors of mortality of C. viridis were rainfall, parasitism, predation, and drop-leaf fungus Lecanicillium lecanii. Predation is important in all stages of C. viridis, with marginal mortality 28.76, 23.31, 17.96 and 19.03% for nymphs of the first, second, third instar and adults. The younger stages of C. viridis were more affected by parasitism with mortality of 31.86 (first instar) and 25.16% (second instar). But the fungus L. lecanii caused higher mortality in more advanced stages of C. viridis, with 15.99 and 12.07% in the third instar nymphs and adults. The fall of leaves caused high mortality in all immature stages of C. viridis, with mortality of 34.64, 11.91 and 15.99% for nymphs of the first, second and third instars. The critical level of mortality of C. viridis was the second-instar nymphs. The key factor of mortality was the action of parasitoids on second-instar nymphs, followed by deaths caused by falling leaves and rain of this instar.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado defendida na Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Palavras-chave
Café; Cochonilha; Tabela de vida; Coffea arabica; Coccus viridis;, Coffee; Insect pests; Life scales; Coffea arabica; Coccus viridis;
Citação
Rosado, Jander Fagundes. Fatores de mortalidade natural de Coccus viridis em cafeeiro. Viçosa, MG : UFV, 2009. 31 f. : il. (Dissertação - Mestrado em Entomologia) - Universidade Federal de Viçosa. Orientador: Marcelo Coutinho Picanço. T 795.752 R788f 2009